The PASCAL Transcatheter Valve Repair System: A User's Guide

Transcatheter Management of Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Review of Contemporary Evidence

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Traditional surgical interventions, though definitive, carry considerable complexities and risks, especially for high-risk patients, with in-hospital mortality rates of ˜9%. This resulted in the undertreatment of many patients with TR, creating a substantial unmet need. This has stimulated the development of transcatheter techniques, such as transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement, tricuspid edge-to-edge repair, tricuspid annuloplasty, caval valve implantation and many others, which offer less-i nvasive alternatives with promising early results and sustained benefits. This review provides a contemporary outlook on different transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions in patients with severe TR and assesses the existing clinical data regarding the safety and effectiveness of these devices in a rapidly expanding space.

Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: Updated Review with Focus on Percutaneous Interventional Management

Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) is associated with increased mortality and heart failure hospitalizations. The management of heart failure patients with SMR is complex and requires a multidisciplinary Heart Team approach. Guideline-directed medical therapies remain fundamental, yet in a proportion of patients SMR persists. In the past decade, transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has been shown to improve survival in patients with SMR who remain symptomatic despite medical therapy. Technical advancements across newer generations of devices, improved imaging, and greater operator expertise have collectively contributed to the increased safety and efficacy of this procedure over time. Various emerging transcatheter mitral valve repair and replacement devices are currently under investigation and may offer superior, complementary or synergistic treatment options in patients ineligible for TEER. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview regarding the diagnosis of SMR, and currently available transcatheter mitral valve interventions and describes a contemporary approach to the management of SMR.

Mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair: Advancing Treatment Options for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation

Degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) has earned great interest because of modern and innovative technologies emerging in its treatment. MR affects roughly one-tenth of those older adults over the age of 75. MR if untreated leads to adverse heart remodeling, resulting in left ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure syndrome. Despite surgical valve repair/replacement treatment being the standard of care, a significant proportion of severe MR patients face unmet clinical needs because of high or prohibitive surgical risks. This has led to the emergence of transcatheter therapies for high- and prohibitive-risk surgical patients, most notably mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair devices.