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Gutiérrez JP, Cruz A, Morante R, Burgos A, Formoso-Rafferty N, Cervantes I. Genetic parameters for fleece uniformity in alpacas. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad140. [PMID: 37144830 PMCID: PMC10195205 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fiber diameter is the main selection objective and criterion in alpaca breeding programs, but it can vary across anatomic regions of the animal. As fiber diameter is usually registered from a unique sample from the mid side of the body, fiber diameter variability within fleece is never addressed and phenotypic and genetic differences may exist for fleece uniformity in alpaca populations. The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters of fleece uniformity in an alpaca population. Fiber diameters measured in three different locations were used as repeated records of the same animal and studied for fitting a model that considers heterogeneous the residual variance of the model. Also, the logarithm of the standard deviation of the three measures was used as a measure of the fleece variability. Estimate of the additive genetic variance of the environmental variability was 0.43±0.14, enough high to suggest the existence of wide room to select for fleece uniformity. Genetic correlation of the trait with its environmental variability was 0.76±0.13 showing that fleece uniformity will be indirectly selected when aiming to reduce the fiber diameter. In the light of these parameters, and due to the cost of registering and the cost of opportunity, it looks no worthy to include uniformity as a selection criterion in alpaca breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alan Cruz
- Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Avda. La Molina s/n, 15024 Lima, Peru
- Estación Científica Pacomarca, Inca Tops SA., Avda, Miguel Forga 348, 04007 Arequipa, Peru
| | - Renzo Morante
- Estación Científica Pacomarca, Inca Tops SA., Avda, Miguel Forga 348, 04007 Arequipa, Peru
| | - Alonso Burgos
- Estación Científica Pacomarca, Inca Tops SA., Avda, Miguel Forga 348, 04007 Arequipa, Peru
| | - Nora Formoso-Rafferty
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, E.T.S. Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cervantes
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Amorena JI, Álvarez DME, Fernández-Ahumada E. Development of Calibration Models to Predict Mean Fibre Diameter in Llama ( Lama glama) Fleeces with Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071998. [PMID: 34359126 PMCID: PMC8300122 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the Puna region of Argentina, llama fibre production has enormous social, economic and environmental potential, but is still in its early stages of development. For this reason, classification and quality analysis systems used today are still deficient. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy is a technological resource used in the agroindustry for quality analysis of organic compounds. In this work we studied the feasibility of this technology to evaluate the mean fibre diameter, which is one of the most important quality parameters in the textile industry. Despite some limitations, which are mainly related to fibre heterogeneity, the results obtained were encouraging as spectroscopy could be used in screening programmes as a sustainable, fast and low-cost method to improve fibre quality validation. Abstract Llama fibre has the potential to become the most valuable textile resource in the Puna region of Argentina. In this study near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was evaluated to predict the mean fibre diameter in llama fleeces. Analyses between sets of carded and non-carded samples in combination with spectral preprocessing techniques were carried out and a total of 169 spectral signatures of llama samples in Vis and NIR ranges (400–2500 nm) were obtained. Spectral preprocessing consisted in wavelength selection (Vis–NIR, NIR and discrete ranges) and multiplicative and derivative pretreatments; spectra without pretreatments were also included, while modified partial least squares (M-PLS) regression was used to develop prediction models. Predictability was evaluated through R2: standard cross validation error (SECV), external validation error (SEV) and residual predictive value (RPD). A total of 54 calibration models were developed in which the best model (R2 = 0.67; SECV = 1.965; SEV = 2.235 and RPD = 1.91) was obtained in the Vis–NIR range applying the first derivative pretreatment. ANOVA analysis showed differences between carded and non-carded sets and the models obtained could be used in screening programs and contribute to valorisation of llama fibre and sustainable development of textile industry in the Puna territory of Catamarca. The data presented in this paper are a contribution to enhance the scarce information on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Amorena
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (EEA) Catamarca, RP N° 33, km 4.5, Catamarca 4705, Argentina
- Correspondence:
| | - Dolores María Eugenia Álvarez
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Química (CITeQ) (CONICET-UTN), Maestro Marcelo López esq. Cruz Roja Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5016, Argentina;
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Radzik-Rant A, Wiercińska K. Analysis of the wool thickness and medullation characteristics based on sex and color in a herd of alpacas in Poland. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:157-165. [PMID: 34084914 PMCID: PMC8162241 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-157-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the thickness and medullation characteristics of the wool of a herd of Huacaya alpacas kept in Poland. Wool samples were collected from 36 adult alpacas, including 22 females and 14 males. Light (15 animals) and dark (21 animals) color varieties of wool were considered in this research. A projection microscope was used to measure the fiber diameter and assess the medullation. Each fiber was categorized according to the medulla as a non-medullated, discontinuous medullated or continuous medullated fiber. The mean fiber diameter (MFD), standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), comfort factor (CF) and prickling factor (PF) were determined for each sample. The MFD, SD and CV were also determined for the abovementioned fiber categories. The mean fiber diameter of all alpacas tested was 25.31 µ m . The CF and PF were 77.79 % and 22.21 %, respectively. The medullation percentage in the wool of the study alpacas was 68.91 %. The mean fiber diameter was larger in males ( P < 0.05 ) than in females. There were no differences between males and females in terms of the proportion of fibers with a diameter < 30 µ m (CF) and > 30 µ m (PF). The non-medullated fibers in the wool of females were thinner ( P < 0.05 ) than in the wool of males. The wool of males also had a larger degree of medullation. Light wool was thinner ( P < 0.05 ) than dark wool. The discontinuous and the continuous medullated fibers were thicker ( P < 0.05 ) in dark wool than in light wool. In dark wool, the share of discontinuous fibers was higher ( P < 0.05 ) and the share of the non-medullated fibers was lower ( P < 0.05 ) than in light wool. The presence of various types of medulla or the absence of medulla was noted in fibers with smaller and larger diameters, regardless of the sex of the animals or the color of the wool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Radzik-Rant
- Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW, Institute of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding, Ciszewskiego 8, 02 - 786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Wiercińska
- Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW, Institute of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding, Ciszewskiego 8, 02 - 786 Warsaw, Poland
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Cruz A, Menéndez-Buxadera A, Gutiérrez G, Morante R, Burgos A, Gutiérrez JP. Genetic (co)variance across age of fiber diameter and standard deviation in Huacaya alpacas, estimated by repeatability, multi-trait and random regression models. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cruz A, Morante R, Gutiérrez JP, Torres R, Burgos A, Cervantes I. Genetic parameters for medullated fiber and its relationship with other productive traits in alpacas. Animal 2018; 13:1358-1364. [PMID: 30567623 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731118003282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The alpaca fiber diameter (FD) varies from 18 to 36 μm, being the finer fiber categories highly appreciated. However, the alpaca fiber presents some limitations in the textile industry due to the high incidence of fiber medullation and diameter variability, both reduces the comfort feeling of the garments. Decreasing or even removing medullation could be a possible selection objective in alpaca breeding programs for increasing economic value of the alpaca fiber. Therefore, the present work aimed to estimate genetic parameters regarding medullation traits, as well as the genetic correlations with other economical important traits, to be able to select the appropriate criteria to reduce or remove medullation on alpaca fiber and help to reduce the prickle factor in the garments. The data was collected from 2000 to 2017 and belonged to the Pacomarca experimental farm. There were 3698 medullation records corresponding to 1869 Huacaya and 414 Suri genetic types. The fiber samples were taken from the mid side, and were analyzed in an OFDA 100® device. The traits analyzed were percentage of medullation (PM), medullated fiber diameter (MFD), FD, standard deviation of FD, greasy fleece weight as fiber traits; density, crimp in Huacaya and lock structure in Suri, head conformation, leg coverage as morphological traits; weaning weight and age at first calving as secondary and functional traits. Genetic parameters were estimated via a multitrait restricted maximum likelihood. The heritabilities for PM and MFD were 0.225 and 0.237 in Huacaya genetic type and 0.664 and 0.237 in Suri genetic type, respectively; heritabilities for other traits were moderate for productive and morphological traits, and low to moderate for secondary and functional traits. The genetic correlations PM-FD and MFD-FD were high and favorable in both genetic types, between 0.531 and 0.975; the genetic correlation PM-MFD was 0.121 in Huacaya and 0.427 in Suri. The rest of genetic correlations with other traits were in general moderate and favorable. The repeatabilities were 0.556 and 0.668 for PM, and 0.322 and 0.293 for MFD in Huacaya and Suri genetic types, respectively. As a conclusion, PM was identified to be a good selection criterion, probably combined in an index with FD to reduce prickling factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cruz
- 1Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A.,Avda. Miguel Forga 348,P.O. BOX 94,Arequipa,Peru
| | - R Morante
- 1Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A.,Avda. Miguel Forga 348,P.O. BOX 94,Arequipa,Peru
| | - J P Gutiérrez
- 2Departamento de Producción Animal,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,Avda. Puerta de Hierro s-n,E-28040 Madrid,Spain
| | - R Torres
- 1Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A.,Avda. Miguel Forga 348,P.O. BOX 94,Arequipa,Peru
| | - A Burgos
- 1Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A.,Avda. Miguel Forga 348,P.O. BOX 94,Arequipa,Peru
| | - I Cervantes
- 2Departamento de Producción Animal,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,Avda. Puerta de Hierro s-n,E-28040 Madrid,Spain
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Pinares R, Gutiérrez GA, Cruz A, Morante R, Cervantes I, Burgos A, Gutiérrez JP. Heritability of individual fiber medullation in Peruvian alpacas. Small Rumin Res 2018; 165:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cruz A, Morante R, Cervantes I, Burgos A, Gutiérrez JP. Effect of the gestation and lactation on fiber diameter and its variability in Peruvian alpacas. Livest Sci 2017; 198:31-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cruz A, Cervantes I, Burgos A, Morante R, Gutiérrez JP. Genetic parameters estimation for preweaning traits and their relationship with reproductive, productive and morphological traits in alpaca. Animal 2017; 11:746-54. [PMID: 27804910 DOI: 10.1017/S175173111600210X] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for preweaning traits and their relationship with reproductive, productive and morphological traits in alpacas. The data were collected from 2001 to 2015 in the Pacomarca experimental farm. The data set contained data from 4330 females and 3788 males corresponding to 6396 and 1722 animals for Huacaya and Suri variants, respectively. The number of records for Huacaya and Suri variants were 5494 and 1461 for birth weight (BW), 5429 and 1431 for birth withers height (BH), 3320 and 896 for both weaning weight (WW) and average daily gain (DG) from birth to weaning, 3317 and 896 for weaning withers height (WH), and 5514 and 1474 for survival to weaning. The reproductive traits analyzed were age at first calving and calving interval. The fiber traits were fiber diameter (FD), standard deviation of FD (SD), comfort factor and coefficient of variation of FD and the morphological traits studied were density, crimp in Huacaya and lock structure in Suri, head, coverage and balance. Regarding preweaning traits, model of analysis included additive, maternal and residual random effects for all traits, with sex, coat color, number of calving, month-year and contemporary group as systematic effects, and age at weaning as linear covariate for WW and WH. The most relevant direct heritabilities for Huacaya and Suri were 0.50 and 0.34 for WW, 0.36 and 0.66 for WH, 0.45 and 0.20 for DG, respectively. Maternal heritabilities were 0.25 and 0.38 for BW, 0.18 and 0.32 for BH, 0.29 and 0.39 for WW, 0.19 and 0.26 for WH, 0.27 and 0.36 for DG, respectively. Direct genetic correlations within preweaning traits were high and favorable and lower between direct and maternal genetic effects. The genetic correlations of preweaning traits with fiber traits were moderate and unfavorable. With morphological traits they were high and positive for Suri but not for Huacaya and favorable for direct genetic effect but unfavorable for maternal genetic effect with reproductive traits. If the selection objective was meat production, the selection would have to be based on the direct genetic effect for WW but not on the maternal genetic effect that has been shown to have less relevance. Other weaning traits such as WH or DG would be indirectly selected.
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Cruz A, Cervantes I, Burgos A, Morante R, Gutiérrez JP. Estimation of genetic parameters for reproductive traits in alpacas. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 163:48-55. [PMID: 26490188 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the main deficiencies affecting animal breeding programs in Peruvian alpacas is the low reproductive performance leading to low number of animals available to select from, decreasing strongly the selection intensity. Some reproductive traits could be improved by artificial selection, but very few information about genetic parameters exists for these traits in this specie. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for six reproductive traits in alpacas both in Suri (SU) and Huacaya (HU) ecotypes, as well as their genetic relationship with fiber and morphological traits. Dataset belonging to Pacomarca experimental farm collected between 2000 and 2014 was used. Number of records for age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), copulation time (CT), pregnancy diagnosis (PD), gestation length (GL), and calving interval (CI) were, respectively, 1704, 854, 19,770, 5874, 4290 and 934. Pedigree consisted of 7742 animals. Regarding reproductive traits, model of analysis included additive and residual random effects for all traits, and also permanent environmental effect for CT, PD, GL and CI traits, with color and year of recording as fixed effects for all the reproductive traits and also age at mating and sex of calf for GL trait. Estimated heritabilities, respectively for HU and SU were 0.19 and 0.09 for AFS, 0.45 and 0.59 for AFC, 0.04 and 0.05 for CT, 0.07 and 0.05 for PD, 0.12 and 0.20 for GL, and 0.14 and 0.09 for CI. Genetic correlations between them ranged from -0.96 to 0.70. No important genetic correlations were found between reproductive traits and fiber or morphological traits in HU. However, some moderate favorable genetic correlations were found between reproductive and either fiber and morphological traits in SU. According to estimated genetic correlations, some reproductive traits might be included as additional selection criteria in HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cruz
- Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A., Miguel Forga 348, Arequipa, Perú
| | - I Cervantes
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Burgos
- Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A., Miguel Forga 348, Arequipa, Perú
| | - R Morante
- Fundo Pacomarca - INCA TOPS S.A., Miguel Forga 348, Arequipa, Perú
| | - J P Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Paredes M, Membrillo A, Gutiérrez J, Cervantes I, Azor P, Morante R, Alonso-moraga A, Molina A, Muñoz-serrano A. Association of microsatellite markers with fiber diameter trait in Peruvian alpacas (Vicugna pacos). Livest Sci 2014; 161:6-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gutiérrez JP, Cervantes I, Pérez-Cabal MA, Burgos A, Morante R. Weighting fibre and morphological traits in a genetic index for an alpaca breeding programme. Animal 2014; 8:360-9. [PMID: 24423382 DOI: 10.1017/S1751731113002358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the fibre diameter (FD) is considered the main selection objective in alpaca populations all over the world. International Committee for Animal Recording recommendations define the FD and its CV as the first two traits to be considered in breeding programmes for this specie. In addition to these main criteria, other selection criteria of economic value used are comfort factor (CF) or standard deviation (s.d.); also other less important traits being used as selection objectives are these morphological traits: density (DE), crimp (CR) or lock structure (LS) for, respectively, Huacaya (HU) and Suri (SU) ecotypes, head (HE), coverage (CO) and balance (BA). The goal of this study was to establish how to implement a combined selection index starting from genetic parameters and to study the expected correlation between genetic trends by considering different alternative procedures of weighting all the involved traits, and the consequences of a wrongly proceeding way. Heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated from the data set belonging to the PACOMARCA experimental farm for SU and HU. Two approaches were used to check the consequences of a set of subjective weights essayed. The coefficients of selection indexes were obtained for two sets of reference weights. In addition, equivalent weights were drawn if applied those reference values as coefficients of hypothetical selection indexes directly on phenotypes; relative expected genetic responses were computed in different cases. Results showed that almost in all cases for both ecotypes, the weight applied to CF should be surprisingly negative. Concerning genetic responses, only CO was compromised in some cases for the HU ecotype. The essayed methodology allowed explaining the differences between ecotypes in the genetic trends. The proposed methodology was shown to be effective to study the relative importance of the traits granted by the manager of a breeding scheme.
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Crossley JC, Borroni CG, Raggi AS. Correlation between mean fibre diameter and total follicle density in alpacas of differing age and colour in the Parinacota province of the Chilean high plain. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.795899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Moreno A, Ibáñez-escriche N, García-ballesteros S, Salgado C, Nieto B, Gutiérrez J. Correlated genetic trend in the environmental variability of weight traits in mice. Livest Sci 2012; 148:189-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Barreta J, Iñiguez V, Saavedra V, Romero F, Callisaya AM, Echalar J, Gutiérrez-Gil B, Arranz JJ. Genetic diversity and population structure of Bolivian alpacas. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gutiérrez JP, Varona L, Pun A, Morante R, Burgos A, Cervantes I, Pérez-Cabal MA. Genetic parameters for growth of fiber diameter in alpacas1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:2310-5. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Frank E, Hick M, Molina M, Caruso L. Genetic parameters for fleece weight and fibre attributes in Argentinean Llamas reared outside the Altiplano. Small Rumin Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pérez-Cabal MA, Cervantes I, Morante R, Burgos A, Goyache F, Gutiérrez JP. Analysis of the existence of major genes affecting alpaca fiber traits. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3783-8. [PMID: 20656969 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of major genes for fiber diameter (FD), SD of FD (SDFD), CV of FD, and comfort factor (CF) in Huacaya (HU) and Suri (SU) Peruvian alpaca breeds. Bayesian segregation analyses with relaxed transmission probabilities were performed using 1,906 and 6,592 available records for SU and HU breeds. Evidence for the presence of major genes was statistically supported when the 95% posterior density did not include zero. Significant major genes were found associated with decreased FD, SDFD, CV values, and increased CF values. Additive effects of the major genes were 4.18 and 4.23 μm for FD, 1.67 and 1.61 μm for SDFD, 3.32 and 3.76% for CV, and 15.03 and 14.90% for CF in HU and SU breeds, respectively. Dominance effects were -1.98 and -2.03 μm for FD, -0.88 and -1.11 μm for SDFD, -1.37 and -2.17% for CV, and 13.0 and 11.8% for CF in HU and SU breeds, respectively. Major gene variance was larger than the polygenic variance for all traits. Major gene allelic frequencies for FD, SDFD, and CV ranged from 0.81 to 0.86 for HU breed and from 0.70 to 0.77 for the SU breed and were 0.24 and 0.36, respectively, for CF. It can be concluded that a major gene affecting these traits could be segregating. Then, molecular identification and monitoring of animals carrying favorable genes throughout the worldwide alpaca population would allow for a quick genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Pérez-Cabal
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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