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Zhang H, Yang Y, Sun S. It is not a vacation of leisure: The effect of maternity-leave stigma on fertility intentions in China. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 248:104413. [PMID: 39025029 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to the public's puzzle about why maternity leave has unexpectedly failed to improve fertility problem in the Chinese context of a widespread extension of maternity leave, our study concentrates on a prevailing stigmatization phenomenon of maternity leave in the workplace, proposes the construct "maternity-leave stigma", operationalizes it, and examines its probable detrimental effect on working individuals' fertility intentions drawing on conservation of resources theory, self-verification theory, and research on stigma and psychological contract violation. Conceptually, maternity-leave stigma is a kind of workplace stigma that primarily depicts the extent to which working individuals in the reproductive period view maternity leave or the event of taking maternity leave in a biased way. It mainly consists of four subdimensions called cognitive stigma, emotional stigma, moral stigma, and consequence stigma. Based on multiple analyses of the three-stage questionnaire survey data from working individuals of childbearing age in China, Study 1 (N1 = 296, N2 = 340) acquires a 12-item maternity-leave stigma scale with good reliability and validity and Study 2 (N2 = 340) substantiates that, working individuals' maternity-leave stigma tends to directly and indirectly inhibit their fertility intentions and their anticipatory psychological contract violation from organization is the crucial mediator. Moreover, working women are inclined to display a much stronger inhibiting effect of maternity-leave stigma on fertility intentions compared to working men. Our findings therefore resolve the public's puzzle, enrich workplace stigma, deepen the implementation effectiveness research of maternity leave policy, and are of practical implications for building a fertility-friendly society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuwei Sun
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
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Zhang J, Chen G, Hu Y, Gao Y. Gender role attitudes and fertility intentions: the mediating role of parental sacrifice and the moderating role of subjective well-being. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:400. [PMID: 39026341 PMCID: PMC11264493 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gender role attitudes have been shown to play a critical role in individuals' fertility intentions. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study examined whether parental sacrifice mediates the relationship between gender role attitudes and fertility intentions, and whether subjective well-being plays a moderating role. A sample of 446 Chinese adults aged 18 to 45 (Mage = 32.78, SDage = 5.63, 60.93% female) completed the Gender Role Attitude Scale, Parental Sacrifice Scale, Index of Well-Being, and Fertility Attitude Scale. Multiple regression analyses showed that traditional gender role attitudes positively predicted fertility intentions, while egalitarian gender role attitudes negatively predicted fertility intentions. Moreover, parental sacrifice was found to partially mediate the relationship between gender role attitudes and fertility intentions. Additionally, subjective well-being was identified as a moderator of the mediating effect of parental sacrifice. Specifically, for individuals with low subjective well-being, parental sacrifice played a partially mediating role. However, for individuals with high subjective well-being, the mediating effect of parental sacrifice was not significant, and gender role attitudes directly influenced fertility intentions. This study adds to our understanding of the connection between gender role attitudes and fertility intentions of adults, providing important information for policymakers and professionals aiming to promote fertility intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamiao Zhang
- School of Psychology, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Center for Mental Health, Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 99 Changgang Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, 530023, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Gongxing Chen
- Center for Mental Health, Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 99 Changgang Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, 530023, Guangxi Province, China.
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, China.
| | - Yingying Hu
- Center for Mental Health, Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 99 Changgang Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, 530023, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Center for Mental Health, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
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Gawron A, Milewski N. Migration, Partner Selection, and Fertility in Germany: How Many Children are Born in Mixed Unions? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION = REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE 2024; 40:24. [PMID: 38940881 PMCID: PMC11213842 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-024-09710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
For the German context, we investigate whether the number of children ever born differs between mixed unions (exogamous unions between natives and migrants or migrant descendants) and endogamous unions (unions among co-ethnics). Our theoretical considerations are derived from assimilation theories, which view exogamous unions as indicators of assimilation processes, and the framework on migrant fertility. The migrant (or descendant) partner in an exogamous union may adapt to the majority group, both partners may adapt to each other, or both partners may constitute a selected group in their fertility preferences. However, due to the higher likelihood of conflicts within the partnership and of separation, exogamy may disrupt family formation processes and depress couples' fertility. Drawing on data from the GSOEP (1984-2020), we estimate generalized Poisson regressions. The results reveal that the number of children ever born is higher in exogamous unions than in endogamous native couples. This general pattern largely persists across migrant generations and regions of origin, but we identify gender differences. While fertility in exogamous unions of native women/migrant (descendant) men is not statistically different from fertility in native/native couples, unions of migrant (descendant) women/native men have more children, especially when controlling for socio-demographic confounders. Our results demonstrate that in the German context, exogamy does not lead to fertility disruptions, and is not straightforwardly associated with assimilation to the fertility of the majority group. Instead, differences in gendered partner choice patterns and life-course transitions may influence the number of children exogamous couples have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Gawron
- Institute of Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Ulmenstraße 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Nadja Milewski
- Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
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Yao Y. Research on influencing factors of college teachers' second child fertility intentions--Taking Jinan as an example. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299838. [PMID: 38771815 PMCID: PMC11108140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertility intentions, as a direct driver of fertility behavior, play an important role in the implementation of national fertility policy and population development. This study explored the influencing factors of college teachers' second child fertility intentions in Jinan, China on the basis of TPB. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Based on the theory of planned behavior, this paper employs basic characteristics analysis, difference analysis, and factor analysis related to the fertility intentions of the participants. Analysis found participants between 31 and 40 years old had the highest second child fertility intentions, and participants with a college-age first child had the lowest second child fertility intentions. Attitude and subjective norms had a positive impact on second child fertility intentions, and policy awareness had a positive impact on attitude, which indirectly affected second child fertility intentions. Subjective norms had the greatest influence on second child fertility intentions, followed by attitude, and policy awareness had the least influence on second child fertility intentions. SIGNIFICANCE/FUTURE RESEARCH The findings of this paper can enrich the theoretical research on fertility intentions, and also provide more optimal practical references for the formulation and propagation of China's fertility policy as well as the improvement of the division of family roles in China. Future research can further explore the impact of fertility policy on the fertility intentions of other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yao
- School of Information Engineering, Shandong Management University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zeng T, Li B, Zhang K, Chen Y, Yuan M, Wu M, Zhao H, Zhu Z, Ju D. The association between childbirth-related fear, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions, and childbirth readiness as the mediator. Reprod Health 2023; 20:62. [PMID: 37085786 PMCID: PMC10122374 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-023-01607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertility intentions have been proved to be a reliable predictor of actual fertility behaviour. Also, childbirth-related fear (CBRF) has been proven to be negatively associated with childbirth readiness and fertility intentions among women, while childbirth readiness was positively related to fertility intentions. However, the associations and potential mechanisms between CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the unique association between CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions and whether childbirth readiness would mediate the relationship between CBRF and fertility intentions. METHOD A cross-sectional study of women (N = 1119, aged 16-53 years) who gave birth within 72 h was conducted. Using a convenience sampling, women were recruited from obstetric wards-10 comprehensive hospitals and 3 specialized hospitals in 7 provinces in mainland China. Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between CBRF, childbirth readiness, fertility intentions, and social support. Multivariate linear regression was further used to analyze the association between demographic and personal characteristics, CBRF, childbirth readiness, and fertility intentions. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether childbirth readiness mediates the relationship between CBRF and fertility intentions. RESULTS Women with high childbirth readiness (β = 0.09, P = 0.002) had higher fertility intentions. However, women with high CBRF (β = - 0.17, P < 0.001) were more likely to have lower fertility intentions. CBRF had both direct and indirect effects on the level of fertility intentions. As predicted, childbirth readiness mediated the relationship between CBRF and the level of fertility intentions (estimate = - 0.012, 95% bootstrap CI: - 0.021 to - 0.005). Higher CBRF was associated with lower scores of childbirth readiness, which was associated with lower levels of fertility intentions. CONCLUSIONS This study established the evidence that CBRF had both direct and indirect effects on the level of fertility intentions and childbirth readiness mediated the relationship between CBRF and the level of fertility intentions. Specifically, higher CBRF was associated with lower scores of childbirth readiness, which was associated with lower levels of fertility intentions. This finding suggested that it is important for health policymakers and health providers to pay more attention to improving women's childbirth readiness, which might reduce the negative influence of CBRF on fertility intentions, thus strengthening their fertility intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieying Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Bingbing Li
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ye Chen
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengmei Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meiliyang Wu
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zining Zhu
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dandan Ju
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Yang Y, He R, Zhang N, Li L. Second-Child Fertility Intentions among Urban Women in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3744. [PMID: 36834437 PMCID: PMC9962327 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the adjustment of China's fertility policy, the topic of women's fertility has attracted much attention. In particular, urban women face a difficult choice between family and work. This study analyzed the prevalence and determinants of second-child fertility intention among urban women in China and aimed to provide evidence for improving fertility rate measures. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using quantitative primary studies. We identified 16 cross-sectional studies that investigated a total of 24,979 urban women. The prevalence of second-child fertility intentions was 37%. A subgroup analysis revealed that the highest prevalence was observed between 2016 and 2017, and the lowest was observed in first-tier cities. Meta-analyses indicated that 18 factors were significantly associated with second-child fertility intentions, including demographic factors, fertility attitude, husbands, children, parents, or others. The findings of this study highlight the low second-child fertility intentions among urban women in China. Therefore, policymakers should consider various aspects, gradually optimizing fertility-supporting facilities, while encouraging fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Liming Li
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Women’s Off-Farm Work Participation and Son Preference in Rural China. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-021-09676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ibar Aydin E, Citak Bilgin N. Relationship Among Family Planning Attitude, Gender and Religious Orientation of Individuals Preparing for Marriage. EURASIAN JOURNAL OF FAMILY MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.33880/ejfm.2020090404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The research was conducted to examine the relationship among family planning attitude, gender and religious orientation of individuals preparing for marriage.
Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with 588 individuals who applied to the pre-marital counseling unit between February and October 2018. Research data were collected using personal information form, Family Planning Attitude Scale, Gender Scale and Religious Orientation Scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis were used to evaluate the data.
Results: The average age of participants was 26.81±4.83; 51.2% were women and 47.8% with university or higher education. The Family Planning Attitude Scale score average was 123.64±19.29, the Gender Scale average score was 85.43±16.76 and the Religious Orientation Scale average score was 57.7±8.27. There was a positive, moderate relationship between family planning attitude and gender of participants and a negative, weak relationship between family planning attitude and religious orientations. While the perception of gender explained 21% of the variance related to the family planning attitude, the variance explained about the family planning attitude with the addition of religious orientation increased to 22%.
Conclusion: The family planning attitudes of participants were positive, the important variable affecting the family planning attitude was gender perception, and although religious orientation was a significant variable in explaining the family planning attitude, the effect was minimal.
Keywords: family planning, gender, religion, attitude
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ibar Aydin
- Bolu İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü Çocuk Ergen Kadın ve Üreme Sağlığı Birimi
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Raybould A, Sear R. Children of the (gender) revolution: A theoretical and empirical synthesis of how gendered division of labour influences fertility. Population Studies 2020; 75:169-190. [PMID: 33321056 DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2020.1851748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gender equity theories of fertility broadly predict that the lowest fertility in high-income settings will be seen in women facing a 'dual burden' of both paid and unpaid labour responsibilities, but that fertility will increase when male partners share domestic labour. Here we provide a critique of some gender equity theories of fertility in demography, and restate the hypothesis in terms of complementarity between partners. Further, we suggest authors use an interdisciplinary approach, such as integrating perspectives from evolutionary theory and the 'Traits-Desires-Intentions-Behaviour' framework, to provide some consistency to this diverse literature. Building on this theoretical synthesis, we perform a systematic review of 95 pieces of analysis. This broadly supports the idea that fertility will be low where women face a dual burden, which is particularly evident among macro-level studies, micro-level analyses investigating progression to subsequent children, and studies which do not use gender role attitudes as an independent variable.
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Li Z, Yang H, Zhu X, Xie L. A Multilevel Study of the Impact of Egalitarian Attitudes Toward Gender Roles on Fertility Desires in China. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-020-09600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hayashi N, Ando S, Jinde S, Fujikawa S, Okada N, Toriyama R, Masaoka M, Sugiyama H, Shirakawa T, Yagi T, Morita M, Morishima R, Kiyono T, Yamasaki S, Nishida A, Kasai K. Social withdrawal and testosterone levels in early adolescent boys. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 116:104596. [PMID: 32276240 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Social withdrawal may lead to mental health problems and can have a large impact on a life course, particularly among boys. To support adolescents with social withdrawal, an integrative understanding of the biological bases would be helpful. Social dominance, a possible opposite of social withdrawal, is known to have positive associations with testosterone levels. A previous study suggested that social withdrawal has a negative relationship with sexual maturity among adolescent boys. However, the relationship between social withdrawal and testosterone in adolescence is unknown. This study aimed to examine whether social withdrawal was negatively associated with testosterone levels in early adolescent boys. Salivary samples were collected from 159 healthy early adolescent boys (mean age [standard deviation]: 11.5 [0.73]) selected from participants of the "population-neuroscience study of the Tokyo Teen Cohort" (pn-TTC). Social withdrawal and confounding factors, such as the secondary sexual characteristics and their age in months, were evaluated by self-administered questionnaires completed by the primary parents. The degree of social withdrawal was assessed with the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Levels of salivary testosterone, and cortisol as a control, were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between social withdrawal and testosterone levels. A higher risk of social withdrawal was associated with a lower salivary testosterone level after adjustment for age in months (odds ratio 0.55, 95 % confidence interval 0.33-0.94), and the association remained significant after adjusting for body mass index, the degree of anxiety/depression and pubertal stage. Thus, we found a negative relationship between social withdrawal and testosterone levels in early adolescent boys. These findings may help to clarify the biological foundations of and to develop support for social withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Seiichiro Jinde
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Shinya Fujikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Rie Toriyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Mio Masaoka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Integrated Educational Sciences, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Toru Shirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Yagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Masaya Morita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Ryo Morishima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Kiyono
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Kato T, Kumamaru H, Fukuda S. Men’s participation in childcare and housework and parity progression: a Japanese population-based study. ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2018.1523977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuguhiko Kato
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiraku Kumamaru
- Department of Healthcare Quality Assessment, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Setsuya Fukuda
- Department of Research Planning and Coordination, National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Tokyo, Japan
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