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Xu J, Fei P, Simon DW, Morowitz MJ, Mehta PA, Du W. Crosstalk between DNA Damage Repair and Metabolic Regulation in Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cells 2024; 13:733. [PMID: 38727270 PMCID: PMC11083014 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation are two characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Under steady physiological conditions, most primitive HSCs remain quiescent in the bone marrow (BM). They respond to different stimuli to refresh the blood system. The transition from quiescence to activation is accompanied by major changes in metabolism, a fundamental cellular process in living organisms that produces or consumes energy. Cellular metabolism is now considered to be a key regulator of HSC maintenance. Interestingly, HSCs possess a distinct metabolic profile with a preference for glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production. Byproducts from the cellular metabolism can also damage DNA. To counteract such insults, mammalian cells have evolved a complex and efficient DNA damage repair (DDR) system to eliminate various DNA lesions and guard genomic stability. Given the enormous regenerative potential coupled with the lifetime persistence of HSCs, tight control of HSC genome stability is essential. The intersection of DDR and the HSC metabolism has recently emerged as an area of intense research interest, unraveling the profound connections between genomic stability and cellular energetics. In this brief review, we delve into the interplay between DDR deficiency and the metabolic reprogramming of HSCs, shedding light on the dynamic relationship that governs the fate and functionality of these remarkable stem cells. Understanding the crosstalk between DDR and the cellular metabolism will open a new avenue of research designed to target these interacting pathways for improving HSC function and treating hematologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Peiwen Fei
- Cancer Biology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96812, USA
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael J. Morowitz
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Parinda A. Mehta
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Wei Du
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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van der Weijden VA, Stötzel M, Iyer DP, Fauler B, Gralinska E, Shahraz M, Meierhofer D, Vingron M, Rulands S, Alexandrov T, Mielke T, Bulut-Karslioglu A. FOXO1-mediated lipid metabolism maintains mammalian embryos in dormancy. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:181-193. [PMID: 38177284 PMCID: PMC10866708 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian developmental timing is adjustable in vivo by preserving pre-implantation embryos in a dormant state called diapause. Inhibition of the growth regulator mTOR (mTORi) pauses mouse development in vitro, yet how embryonic dormancy is maintained is not known. Here we show that mouse embryos in diapause are sustained by using lipids as primary energy source. In vitro, supplementation of embryos with the metabolite L-carnitine balances lipid consumption, puts the embryos in deeper dormancy and boosts embryo longevity. We identify FOXO1 as an essential regulator of the energy balance in dormant embryos and propose, through meta-analyses of dormant cell signatures, that it may be a common regulator of dormancy across adult tissues. Our results lift a constraint on in vitro embryo survival and suggest that lipid metabolism may be a critical metabolic transition relevant for longevity and stem cell function across tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A van der Weijden
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Stötzel
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dhanur P Iyer
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrix Fauler
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elzbieta Gralinska
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Shahraz
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Vingron
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Rulands
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aydan Bulut-Karslioglu
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Chaaban M, Moya A, García-García A, Paillaud R, Schaller R, Klein T, Power L, Buczak K, Schmidt A, Kappos E, Ismail T, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Harnessing human adipose-derived stromal cell chondrogenesis in vitro for enhanced endochondral ossification. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122387. [PMID: 37977007 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification (ECO), the major ossification process during embryogenesis and bone repair, involves the formation of a cartilaginous template remodelled into a functional bone organ. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), non-skeletal multipotent progenitors from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of human adipose tissue, were shown to recapitulate ECO and generate bone organs in vivo when primed into a hypertrophic cartilage tissue (HCT) in vitro. However, the reproducibility of ECO was limited and the major triggers remain unknown. We studied the effect of the expansion of cells and maturation of HCT on the induction of the ECO process. SVF cells or expanded ASC were seeded onto collagen sponges, cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3-6 weeks and implanted ectopically in nude mice to evaluate their bone-forming capacities. SVF cells from all tested donors formed mature HCT in 3 weeks whereas ASC needed 4-5 weeks. A longer induction increased the degree of maturation of the HCT, with a gradually denser cartilaginous matrix and increased mineralization. This degree of maturation was highly predictive of their bone-forming capacity in vivo, with ECO achieved only for an intermediate maturation degree. In parallel, expanding ASC also resulted in an enrichment of the stromal fraction characterized by a rapid change of their proteomic profile from a quiescent to a proliferative state. Inducing quiescence rescued their chondrogenic potential. Our findings emphasize the role of monolayer expansion and chondrogenic maturation degree of ASC on ECO and provides a simple, yet reproducible and effective approach for bone formation to be tested in specific clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Chaaban
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Moya
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andres García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Paillaud
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romain Schaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Klein
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Power
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Buczak
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kappos
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarek Ismail
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Metabolic switches are a crucial hallmark of cellular development and regeneration. In response to changes in their environment or physiological state, cells undergo coordinated metabolic switching that is necessary to execute biosynthetic demands of growth and repair. In this Review, we discuss how metabolic switches represent an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that orchestrates tissue development and regeneration, allowing cells to adapt rapidly to changing conditions during development and postnatally. We further explore the dynamic interplay between metabolism and how it is not only an output, but also a driver of cellular functions, such as cell proliferation and maturation. Finally, we underscore the epigenetic and cellular mechanisms by which metabolic switches mediate biosynthetic needs during development and regeneration, and how understanding these mechanisms is important for advancing our knowledge of tissue development and devising new strategies to promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Mahmoud
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Oleic acid is an endogenous ligand of TLX/NR2E1 that triggers hippocampal neurogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2023784119. [PMID: 35333654 PMCID: PMC9060471 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023784119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceAdult hippocampal neurogenesis underpins learning, memory, and mood but diminishes with age and certain illnesses. The orphan nuclear receptor TLX/NR2E1 regulates neural stem and progenitor cell self-renewal and proliferation, but its orphan status has hindered its utilization as a therapeutic target to modulate adult neurogenesis. Here, we deorphanize TLX and report that oleic acid is an endogenous, metabolic ligand of TLX. These findings open avenues for future therapeutic modulation of TLX to counteract cognitive and mental decline in aging and diseases associated with decreased neurogenesis.
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Myeloid Metabolism as a New Target for Rejuvenation?-Comments on Restoring Metabolism of Myeloid Cells Reverses Cognitive Decline in Ageing. Nature. 2021 Feb;590(7844):122-128. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 3:e210034. [PMID: 34754515 PMCID: PMC7611963 DOI: 10.20900/immunometab20210034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Research led by Katrin Andreasson suggests that fixing age-induced metabolic defects in myeloid cells would suffice to reverse cognitive impairment and to restore synaptic plasticity to the level of young subjects, at least in mice. This opens up the possibility to develop rejuvenating strategies by targeting immune dysfunction.
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Balaian E, Wobus M, Bornhäuser M, Chavakis T, Sockel K. Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011250. [PMID: 34681910 PMCID: PMC8541058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are acquired clonal stem cell disorders exhibiting ineffective hematopoiesis, dysplastic cell morphology in the bone marrow, and peripheral cytopenia at early stages; while advanced stages carry a high risk for transformation into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Genetic alterations are integral to the pathogenesis of MDS. However, it remains unclear how these genetic changes in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) occur, and how they confer an expansion advantage to the clones carrying them. Recently, inflammatory processes and changes in cellular metabolism of HSPCs and the surrounding bone marrow microenvironment have been associated with an age-related dysfunction of HSPCs and the emergence of genetic aberrations related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). The present review highlights the involvement of metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the regulation of HSPC and niche cell function in MDS in comparison to healthy state and discusses how such pathways may be amenable to therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Balaian
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.W.); (M.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Manja Wobus
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.W.); (M.B.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Sockel
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.W.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (K.S.)
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8
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Madsen S, Ramosaj M, Knobloch M. Lipid metabolism in focus: how the build-up and breakdown of lipids affects stem cells. Development 2021; 148:268393. [PMID: 34042969 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cellular metabolism has recently emerged as a key regulator of stem cell behavior. Various studies have suggested that metabolic regulatory mechanisms are conserved in different stem cell niches, suggesting a common level of stem cell regulation across tissues. Although the balance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation has been shown to be distinct in stem cells and their differentiated progeny, much less is known about lipid metabolism in stem cell regulation. In this Review, we focus on how stem cells are affected by two major lipid metabolic pathways: the build-up of lipids, called de novo lipogenesis, and the breakdown of lipids, called fatty acid beta-oxidation. We cover the recent literature on hematopoietic stem cells, intestinal stem cells, neural stem/progenitor cells and cancer stem cells, where these two lipid pathways have been studied in more depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Madsen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Metabolism, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mergim Ramosaj
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Metabolism, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marlen Knobloch
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Metabolism, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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