Cavernous hemangioma of the skull: 3 case reports

Calvarial hemangiomas: Series of 6 cases and review of literature

Calvarial haemangiomas are benign, vascular tumours of the skull involving parietal and frontal bones. Mostly these lesions remain asymptomatic, and present with cosmetic deformity, headache, uncommon neurological symptoms and reported as case reports and case series. The radiological appearance can range from sessile growing intradiploically to globular and the lesions may extend outwards or inwards after eroding the outer and inner tables of the skull. "Sunburst appearance" and "Wagon-wheel sign" are classical radiological findings but the lesions may present simply as a lytic expansile or even sclerotic calvarial mass. Because of varied clinical presentation and atypical radiological characteristics, the final diagnosis can be clinched by histology only. In selected cases where these lesions are not cosmetically acceptable, en bloc resection with tumour free margins followed by cranioplasty is the treatment of choice. Most reports of calvarial haemangiomas in literature are in the form of case reports.

[Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the middle turbinate. Clinical cases]

Intraosseous vascular pathology of the turbinates is extremely rare in the practice of an otorhinolaryngologist and can be presented in various histopathological variants. The article presents two clinical cases in which an intraosseous cavernous hemangioma was hidden under the mask of a hypertrophied middle turbinate. The final diagnosis was established by the results of histological examination. The analysis of these clinical cases indicates that, despite the low prevalence, atypical clinical and CT picture, intraosseous formations of the nasal cavity can be of a vascular nature and certainly require a comprehensive examination, including CT, CT with contrast and/or MRI of the nose and paranasal sinuses. These clinical observations indicate that preliminary embolization of feeding vessels before surgical treatment is not required.

[Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the cranium: a case report]

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma (PICH) is a rare benign vascular tumor. This neoplasm is common in the spine and less common in skull. Toynbee J. first described this tumor in 1845. PICH of the cranium does not always have typical X-ray features and should be always differentiated with other more common skull lesions. Surgical resection is preferable since total resection is followed by favorable prognosis. We present a 65-year-old patient with asymptomatic tumor of the right parietal bone. CT revealed osteolytic lesion that required total resection and skull repair. Histopathological analysis revealed intraosseous cavernous hemangioma.

Surgical Management of a Massive Frontal Bone Hemangioma: Case Report

Intraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign tumors that can arise from the calvarium. These lesions often invade the outer table of the skull, but typically spare the inner table and intracranial structures. En bloc surgical resection is the standard treatment for intraosseous hemangiomas. However, a piecemeal resection may be required to safely remove the tumor in cases involving the inner table to protect the underlying brain parenchyma and vascular structures. Proper reconstruction is critical to optimize the cosmetic outcome, and a staged procedure allowing implantation of a custom-made implant can be considered for large lesions involving the forehead. We present a case of a patient with a large frontal intraosseous hemangioma with intradural involvement to highlight the surgical nuances of resection and review the existing literature regarding optimal management of these patients.

Primary Intraosseous Cavernous Hemangioma of the Cranium: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma (PICH) is a rare, benign tumor of vascular origin, typically arising in the vertebral body. Its presence in the skull is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases being reported worldwide. We carried out the first systematic review of the literature, covering the epidemiology, clinical and imaging features, management, and prognosis of cranial PICH. The literature search revealed 51 studies with 77 patients; the mean age of the patients was 32.7 years with a female predominance of 1.4:1. The majority of cranial PICHs were located in the calvarium, primarily in the frontal and parietal regions, with only a few located in the skull base. The most common initial clinical manifestation was local growth or swelling, followed by a headache. Radiographically, PICHs represented osteolytic, intradiploic masses, which in many cases displayed trabeculations, leading to the so-called "honeycomb" or "starburst" pattern. After contrast administration, PICHs typically enhance. Tumor removal, with craniectomy or en bloc resection and subsequent skull reconstruction, was selected for calvarial PICHs, whereas a transsphenoidal approach, with only partial resection, was applied for clival/sella PICHs. Preoperative embolization, aiming to minimize intraoperative blood loss, was performed in the case of large tumors. At a mean follow-up of 39 months, no patient experienced tumor recurrence, even after subtotal resection. Owing to the benign nature of the tumor, maximal safe resection is recommended as the treatment of choice for patients with cranial PICH.

Calvarial lesions: overview of imaging features and neurosurgical management

Calvarial lesions are rare and can present as a variety of different diseases. The lesions can be palpable on the skin and cause local pain and paraesthesia and, depending on the location, neurological deficits can also occur. This research aims to present an overview of typical imaging features as well as neurosurgical management. We examined the charts of patients who underwent surgery on a calvarial lesion in our department between 2004 and 2017 (n=133). Retrospectively, the pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were analyzed with morphological and histological findings and compared with each other. Pain, swelling, cosmetically disturbing, and neurological deficits were the main complaints. Seventy-seven lesions were limited to the bone, while another 56 lesions showed an infiltrating growth in the adjacent tissue. Depending on the clinical signs and suspected diagnosis, a biopsy, a partial removal, or a complete resection was performed. Histiocytosis (n=20), meningiomas (n=20), metastases (n=19), and osteomas (n=16) were the most common lesions. Fibrous dysplasia (n=6) and intraosseous hemangioma (n=9) were less common; other lesions were present only in isolated cases. Imaging features may suggest the lesion to be benign or malignant, but the diagnosis can be only confirmed by histological examination. The surgical strategy depends on the complaints, location of the lesion, and suspected diagnosis. Adjuvant treatment should be initiated according to the histological findings.

Aggressive growing of the infantile cavernous hemangioma of the calvaria: a case report and review of literature

INTRODUCTION

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas of the skull are very rare in the pediatric age group and usually slow-growing tumors.

CASE REPORT

We present a case of 5-month-old girl with a left occipital cavernous hemangioma that is rapidly growing. The subcutaneous occipital tiny mass was first noted at birth, and the lesion became rapidly enlarged in size and became soft for 3 months. The left occipital subcutaneous lesion was 4.0 × 4.0 × 2.0 cm (AP × LR × HT) in size. There was no history of trauma or bone tumor in her family. She underwent resection of the lesion, and a pathologic diagnosis of calvarial cavernous hemangioma was made. No recurrence was seen 1 year after surgery.

CONCLUSION

The rapid growth of the infant cavernous hemangioma might be related to not only bleeding and/or congestion of the lesion but the immature thin skull of the infant.

Clivus Hemangioma in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report

BACKGROUND

Hemangiomas are benign blood vessels tumors that represent less than 1% of all the bone neoplasms. Calvarial hemangiomas are mainly solitary lesions commonly located in the frontal and parietal bone; however, they may occur in any skull region. These tumors increase in size over a period of months to years before they start showing their first symptoms such as headache, bone deformity, and pathological fractures. Differential diagnosis with osteosarcoma should be considered. Surgical resection with a safety margin is a standard treatment of the cranial hemangioma. Furthermore, radiotherapy has proven to stop the tumor's growth but not its size.

CASE DESCRIPTION

We treated an 11-year-old male who had a rare case of a capillary hemangioma located in the clivus bone. The patient underwent 2 endoscopic endonasal resection because of tumor recurrence. Surgical safety margins are highly recommended, but this procedure could not be performed because of the tumor's location. After the second relapse, the oncology team decided to initiate radiotherapy. At 6-month follow-up, the tumor reduced its size and remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical safety margins are highly important to prevent recurrence in this type of bone tumors. Skull base hemangiomas are a big challenge when you want to achieve these safety margins. We believe that a combined treatment of surgery and radiotherapy should be considered as the main treatment.

Intraosseous Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma with Frontal Extension and Dural Involvement

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas are rare skull lesions that are not typically known to involve the orbital bones or the dura. We describe a rare case of a fronto-orbital bone cavernous hemangioma with extension into the dura.

A 68-year-old female presented with a one-year history of diplopia with discomfort around her left orbit. Magnetic resonance images demonstrated a mass in the left frontal skull extending into the orbital rim. The patient underwent a craniotomy for tumor resection. Dural invasion was found intraoperatively. Gross total resection and reconstruction were achieved. On the postoperative follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic. 

Primary calvarial intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas are most commonly located in the frontal and parietal bones. These lesions typically involve only the outer table of the skull. In lesions involving the orbit and dura, excision with cranioplasty can provide symptomatic relief with good cosmetic outcomes. 

Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the skull misdiagnosed as skull metastasis in breast cancer patient: one case report and literature review

Background

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (PICHs) of the skull are extremely rare. To date, diffuse cranial hemangioma of skull has not been reported. In cancer patients, it is often misdiagnosed as metastasis.

Case presentation

Here, we presented a case of a 50-year-old female patient suffering from slightly headache who received breast cancer modified radical mastectomy in 2004, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings revealed abnormal lesions of diffuse skull which were misdiagnosed as skull metastasis, and the relevant literatures were also reviewed.

Conclusions

Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the skull is exceedingly rare, and imaging data are not typical. The condition is often misdiagnosed, and pathological evaluation is necessary and important. In cases where the mass cannot be completely removed by surgery, radiotherapy could be beneficial.

Congenital Calvarial Hemangioma

OBJECTIVES

The authors describe a case of congenital calvarial hemangioma successfully managed using propranolol therapy. Presenting symptoms, radiological and pathological features, differential diagnosis, and management of this rare congenital mass are described.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 2-year-old boy presented with a 1-year history of a growing right parietal skull mass. No obvious etiology was apparent. No focal neurological deficits or associated craniofacial anomalies were identified. Plain film imaging demonstrated focal thickening of the right parietal bone with internal trabeculations in a sunburst appearance. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed bone thickening with coarsening of the bony trabeculae, minor irregularity of the outer table, unaffected inner table, and no evidence of aggressive features. A diagnostic biopsy of the lesion was performed in the operating room. Microscopic examination was consistent with hemangioma. Based on histological and radiological features of the lesion, it was identified as a cavernous hemangioma. Medical treatment utilizing propranolol was initiated for over 3 years with interval reduction in the lesion size. MRI head following treatment with propranolol demonstrated reduction of the mass compared to preoperative imaging.

CONCLUSIONS

Although a rare entity, it is important to consider congenital calvarial hemangioma in the differential diagnosis of slow growing skull lesions due to the possibility of complications as a result of the hemangioma's intracranial extension, and the potential for treatment. En bloc resection has classically been described as a treatment for such lesions, although our case demonstrates that medical treatment with propranolol therapy may be appropriate in certain situations.

Unusual Presentations of Pediatric Skull Hemangiomas: Report of Two Cases

BACKGROUND

Intraosseous hemangioma is a rare bone tumor, accounting for 0.7%-1.0% of all bone tumors. It can occur at any age, but only 9% of cases are younger than 10 years old. Although this tumor is usually slow-growing and clinically silent, we experienced 2 pediatric patients undergoing surgery for skull hemangioma who presented with uncommon clinical manifestations.

CASE DECRIPTION

Case 1 was a 9-year-old boy who presented with sudden onset of headache and was referred to our hospital. Radiologic images revealed an osteolytic oval lesion in the right parietal bone and acute subdural hemorrhage in the right cerebral hemisphere. The right parietal lesion was removed surgically. The lesion was found to have grown into the dura and to be adherent to the pia matter. The removed lesion was histologically confirmed to be a hemangioma. Case 2 was an 8-year-old girl who was referred to our hospital with an elastic mass that had been slowly enlarging for 7 years. Radiologic images revealed an osteolytic oval lesion in the right parietal bone. Surgical removal was thus planned. The lesion was found to be attached to the dura, and we removed the lesion with the surrounding bone and attached dura. Histologic examination confirmed the lesion to be a hemangioma.

CONCLUSIONS

Although skull hemangiomas show clinical heterogeneity, surgical removal is usually diagnostic and leads to good patient outcomes. On occasion, however, this tumor causes secondary changes in the dura, such that dural incision and dural plasty should be planned in advance of lesion removal.

Dural Penetration of Cavernous Hemangioma on Skull: Uncommon Clinical Presentation

BACKGROUND

Cavernous hemangioma (CH) of the bone is a rare, benign neoplasm found usually in the vertebral body. This tumor rarely develops in the calvaria, with predilection to occur in the frontal and temporoparietal bones.

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 56-year-old man with a right frontal palpable mass was admitted to our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large extra-axial tumor in the right frontal bone. Intraoperatively, the bony mass involved the multilayers composed of extracranium-skull-dura-intradura-cortex. Pathologic examination revealed a typical calvarial CH penetrating dura mater.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the second reported case of calvarial CH with complete erosion of the dural plane and extension into subdural space. Although surgical resection is generally safe and easy, the possibility of dural invasion should be kept in mind for safe resection of calvarial CH, especially overlying the eloquent brain area.

Calvarial bone cavernous hemangioma with intradural invasion: An unusual aggressive course-Case report and literature review

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Calvarial cavernous hemangiomas are benign tumors.

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These tumors tend to involve the outer table of the skull.

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More extensive involvement of the inner table and extradural space is very unusual.

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We present a case of a huge frontal cavernoma with intradural extension.

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Our case highlights the possibility of an aggressive course of this rare benign pathology.

Introduction

Cavernous hemangioma of the skull is a rare pathological diagnosis, accounting for 0.2% of bone tumors and 7% of skull tumors. Usually calvarial bone cavernous hemangioma are associated with a benign clinical course and, despite their enlargement and subsequent erosion of the surrounding bone, the inner table of the skull remains intact and the lesion is completely extracranial.

Presentation of a case

The authors present the unique case of a huge left frontal bone cavernous malformation with intradural extension and brain compression determining a right hemiparesis.

Discussion

Calvarial cavernous hemangiomas are benign tumors. They arise from vessels in the diploic space and tend to involve the outer table of the skull with relative sparing of the inner table. More extensive involvement of the inner table and extradural space is very unusual and few cases are reported in literature. To the best of our knowledge, intradural invasion of calvarial hemangioma has not been previously reported.

Conclusion

Our case highlights the possibility of an aggressive course of this rare benign pathology.

A rare case of pure primary hemangioma of the scapula: A case report

Hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor, which may occur in any bone of the body. The most common locations are the spine and craniofacial bone; however, occurrence is extremely rare in the scapula. The current study presented the case of a 58-year-old female, with scapula hemangioma in the left shoulder who presented with joint ache that had lasted for ~1 year. The main clinical manifestations included local tenderness, an osseous lump and limited shoulder movement with a little pain, which was alleviated by rest. Roentgenogram, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the left acromion revealed a mass along the inner surface of the scapula of the left shoulder with polycystic expansion and bone destruction. The results of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated a pure primary tumor and the lesion was subsequently resected. Notably, the postoperative pathological diagnosis was capillary hemangioma. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of scapula hemangioma, which must be considered for the differential diagnosis of scapula tumors. In the present case, no recurrence was identified by X-ray examination 1 year after surgery. The long-term efficacy of surgical treatment requires continuous observation of the patient.

Posttraumatic cavernous hemangioma of the skull

A 59-year-old man presented with a slowly enlarging mass in the lateral orbital rim of the left eye for 1 year. He also reported a history of crania defect in the left front bone (6 years earlier) which was confirmed on the former computed tomographic (CT) scan. On examination, the solid mass lesion located in the left frontal extends to the lateral orbital rim of the left eye. CT scan showed a mass with poorly defined margins, which invaded the neighboring tissue and nearly damaged the bone, and located on the exact site of the preceding crania defect. Complete resection was performed, and the clinical diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma was confirmed on histopathologic examination. Skull cavernous hemangiomas are rare tumors for which the origin is not yet clear. We report a case in which the intraosseous hemangiomas developed at the same site of the preceding crania defect.

Multifocal osteolytic lesions of the skull: a primary cavernous hemangioma mimicking a neoplastic invasive lesion

Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma is a rare cause of osteolytic lesions of the skull, and its multifocal type is even more infrequent. This tumor is difficult to accurately diagnose by imaging and can be confused with osteolytic Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis or other neoplasms. Here we present a case of multifocal intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the skull treated with surgical intervention in our hospital five years ago. A review of related literatures and case reports is also provided to help clarify the diagnosis and devise treatment regimens. In light of the difficulties of early diagnosis, early en bloc surgical removal is recommended.

Cavernous hemangioma of the skull and meningioma: association or coincidence?

Intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas of the skull are rare. Meningiomas are quite frequently encountered in a neurosurgical practice. The association between these two entities is nevertheless very uncommon. The authors present a case of a 72-year-old woman suffering from headache. The MRI showed a parietal meningioma with adjacent thick bone. The meningioma and the bone were removed. The histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of meningioma and revealed a cavernoma of the skull. The relationship between the lesions suggests more than a coincidental association. Several hypotheses are proposed to explain common causal connections.

High risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in surgery of a rare primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the clivus showing meningeal infiltration: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (PICH) of the skull represent an infrequent bone tumor. Although some rare cases of PICHs located in the skull base have been published, to our concern only three cases have been reported in the English literature of PICHs arising within the clivus.

CASE DESCRIPTION

We present the case of a patient presenting an isolated abducens paresis due to a rare PICH of the clivus showing also an unusual destruction of the inner table as well as infiltration of the dura mater. Due to this uncommon infiltrative pattern of an otherwise expected intraosseous tumor, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-fistula occurred while performing a transnasal biopsy. The patient recovered successfully without need of lumbar drainage or re-surgery. Additionally, intratumoral decompression was sufficient to relief the abducens paresis.

CONCLUSIONS

Our case provides new and meaningful information about clinical features as well as growth pattern of these rare clival tumors. We also discuss the importance of knowing these peculiarities before surgery in order to plan the optimal operative management as well as to avoid complications while approaching PICHs localized in such a delicate cranial region.

Co-occurrence of a cerebral cavernous malformation and an orbital cavernous hemangioma in a patient with seizures and visual symptoms: Rare crossroads for vascular malformations

Background:

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are angiographically occult vascular malformations of the central nervous system. As a result of hemorrhage and mass effect, patients may present with focal neurologic deficits, seizures, and other symptoms necessitating treatment. Once symptomatic, most often from hemorrhage, CCMs are treated with microsurgical resection. Orbital cavernous hemangiomas (OCHs) are similar but distinct vascular malformations that present within the orbital cavity. Even though CCMs and OCHs are both marked by dilated endothelial-lined vascular channels, they are infrequently seen in the same patient.

Case Description:

We provide a brief overview of the two related pathologies in the context of a patient presenting to our care with concomitant lesions, which were both resected in full without complication.

Conclusion:

This is the first known report that describes a case of concomitant CCM and OCH and explores the origins of two pathologies that are rarely encountered together in neurosurgical practice. Recognition of disparate symptomatologies is important for properly managing these patients.

Cavernous hemangioma of the frontal bone: a case report

Introduction

Cavernous hemangiomas are rare benign bone tumors and those at the level of the cranial bones are even rarer.

Case presentation

A 50-year-old woman of Italian ethnicity presented with a frontal mass. A computed tomography scan showed an osteolytic lesion and a magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed a hypointense lesion on the T1-weighted image and a hyperintense lesion on the T2-weighted image. We performed a tailored craniectomy and cranioplasty. Histological examination revealed a cavernous hemangioma.

Conclusions

These benign tumors do not have classic radiographic features and so can be misinterpreted as lesions like multiple myeloma or osteosarcoma. Consequently, the diagnosis is most often made during surgical resection.

Giant hemangioma presenting as a scalp mass leading to a craniofacial deformity

Hemangioma is the most common vascular tumor during childhood. However, cases of giant hemangiomas determining deformities in the craniofacial region are not reported frequently. Craniofacial giant hemangiomas are challenging for surgeons since they cause aesthetic and/or functional problems and may be associated with important complications such as ulcerations, infections and bleedings. The present report is aimed at describing a rare case of craniofacial asymmetry in a 30-year-old patient, secondary to an extensive mass whose growth deformed the scalp in the frontal-parietal-temporal region. The lesion was completely surgically removed with good aesthetic results, and the anatomopathological examination revealed that it was a cavernous hemangioma.

Multiple cavernous hemangiomas of the skull with dural tail sign: a case report and literature review

Background

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma is a rare bony tumor. To date, only 9 cases of multiple lesions and 2 cases with a dural tail sign have been reported.

Case presentation

Here, we present a case of multiple cavernous hemangiomas of the skull with dural tail sign in a 24-year-old man. No abnormalities were observed in the right orbit by craniography, but frontal bone destruction was unintentionally discovered. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple intraosseous lesions that destroyed the surrounding bone and intracranial extension. Total resection of the two lesions and cranioplasty were performed. Histological examination confirmed the lesions as a cavernous hemangioma.

Conclusion

Cavernous hemangioma is a rare bony tumor that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of skull tumors. Resection of all lesions should be performed on patients with multiple cavernous hemangiomas, and these patients should have regular follow-up examinations. Based on this case, and our literature review, we found that outcomes are usually very good.

Giant primary ossified cavernous hemangioma of the skull in an adult: A rare calvarial tumor

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (PICHs) of the cranium are rare benign vascular tumors that account for about 0.2 % of all bone tumors and 10 % of benign skull tumors. They generally present as osteolytic lesions with honeycomb pattern of calcification. Completely ossified cavernous hemangioma of the calvarium in an adult has not been reported previously. A 28-year-old female presented to us with a large right parietal skull mass that had been present since the last 15 years. Total resection of the lesion was performed. Pathological examination was suggestive of cavernous hemangioma of the skull bone. Cavernous hemangioma should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis in any case of bony swelling of the calvarium so that adequate preoperative planning can be made to minimize blood loss and subsequent morbidity.

Posttraumatic skull hemangioma: case report

Intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas of the skull are rare lesions for which the origin is unclear. The authors present a case in which there was a radiologically documented history of trauma preceding the development of a hemangioma in the frontal bone. In a review of the literature the authors found 83 cases of skull hemangiomas, and 43% of the lesions were located in the frontal bone. In 25% of these lesions, previous trauma was reported anamnestically. The present case and radiological findings related to it suggest a causal relationship between trauma and the development of intraosseous hemangioma.

Intradiploic hemangioma with repeated hemorrhage in a child with hemophilia

Intraosseous hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor, which is most frequently found in middle-aged female patients. The clinical course is usually insidious and the outcome excellent after total resection. The authors report a case of a calvarial hemangioma in a child with hemophilia who experienced a catastrophic postoperative hematoma and discuss the mechanism, clinical features, and treatment of this condition.

Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the middle turbinate

Hemangiomas mostly arise from the soft tissues, and intraosseous hemangiomas are uncommon. They usually occur in the vertebra and skull bones, and intraosseous hemangioma of the nasal cavity is exceedingly rare. We describe a 56-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with a tumor in her right nasal cavity, without subjective symptoms such as epistaxis. The tumor was located at the front end of the right middle turbinate. Enhanced computed tomography demonstrated a 3 cm×2cm expansive bony tumor replacing the bottom of the right middle turbinate with some partial enhancement effects. The characteristic honeycomb appearance was observed. The tumor and right middle turbinate were excised en bloc by the endoscopic endonasal approach. No complications or severe bleeding occurred during the peri-operative period. Histological examination showed endothelium-lined blood-filled vascular spaces within the bony trabeculae, which suggested the typical pattern of intraosseous cavernous hemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the middle turbinate in the English literature.

[Intradiploic cavernous hemangioma of the calvaria: case report and review of the literature]

We report the case of a 31-year-old patient who had had frontal cephalalgias for several years. CT and MRI anatomical imaging objectified a frontal osteolytic tumor respecting the osseous external table but compressing the superior sagittal sinus. Total en bloc resection of the tumor associated with titan cranioplasty was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. Three months after surgery the patient no longer reported headache. The anatomical and pathological results concluded in intradiploic cavernous hemangioma. We discuss this case and others described in the literature.

Cavernous hemangioma of the skull: surgical treatment without craniectomy

The authors report the case of a large cranial cavernous hemangioma that was treated using embolization and craniotomy with preservation of the outer cranial table. A 3-year follow-up demonstrated no recurrence. Results in this case suggest that cavernous hemangiomas of the cranium may be safely and effectively treated without craniectomy in some cases.

A case of calvarial hemangioma in cranioplasty site

It is not uncommon for hemangiomas to occur in the calvarium, accounting for about 10% of the benign skull tumors. A 46-year-old man was presented with a palpable scalp mass on the left parietal region. Past medical history indicated that he had undergone cranioplasty 25 years prior due to a depressed skull fracture suffered from a traffic accident. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed mixed signal intensity mass on T1 -and T2-weighted images pushing a linear signal void lesion outward in the left parietal region. After total surgical removal along with cranioplasty, he was discharged without neurological deficits. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a cavernous hemangioma. A skull hemangioma occurring at the site of a cranioplasty has not yet been reported. Therefore, authors report this case in combination with a pertinent literature review.