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Chen J, Bao J, Jiang X, Yu W, Han Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Deng G. Astragaloside IV protects brain cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ryanodine receptor expression and reducing the expression of P-Src and P-GRK2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17497. [PMID: 39080440 PMCID: PMC11289356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV, a prime active component of Astragalus membranaceus, has potential as a neuroprotectant. We aimed to identify the active ingredients in A. membranaceus and assess if Astragaloside IV can improve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) cell apoptosis by reducing P-Src and P-GRK2 via ryanodine receptor (RyR) expression inhibition. We used bioinformatics analysis to examine the effects of A. membranaceus on ischemic stroke. We studied brain samples from middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice treated with normal saline, Astragaloside IV, and sham mice for pathology and Western blot tests. We also tested PC12 cells in vitro with or without Astragaloside IV or GSK180736A using Western blotting and fluorescence assays. Our bioinformatics analysis suggested a possible association between A. membranaceus, calcium ion pathways, and apoptosis pathways. Western blot data indicated Astragaloside IV significantly decreased RyR, p-Src, and downstream phosphorylated GRK2, PLC, CaMKII, and IP3R levels in MCAO mice brains. Astragaloside IV also considerably inhibited pro-apoptotic and oxidative stress-associated proteins' expression while boosting anti-apoptotic protein expression. The results suggest Astragaloside IV can inhibit RyR expression, subsequently reducing brain cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518034, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xiujuan Jiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Wentao Yu
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Han
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Nursing, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Health Care with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
| | - Guoxing Deng
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No.3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
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Brennführer A, Neumann H, Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. Catalytic and Stoichiometric Synthesis of Novel 3-Aminocarbonyl-, 3-Alkoxycarbonyl-, and 3-Amino-4-indolylmaleimides. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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