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Bredeck G, Dos S Souza EJ, Wigmann C, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF. The influence of long-range transported Saharan dust on the inflammatory potency of ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119008. [PMID: 38663670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Although desert dust promotes morbidity and mortality, it is exempt from regulations. Its health effects have been related to its inflammatory properties, which can vary between source regions. It remains unclear which constituents cause this variability. Moreover, whether long-range transported desert dust potentiates the hazardousness of local particulate matter (PM) is still unresolved. We aimed to assess the influence of long-range transported desert dust on the inflammatory potency of PM2.5 and PM10 collected in Cape Verde and to examine associated constituents. During a reference period and two Saharan dust events, 63 PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected at four sampling stations. The content of water-soluble ions, elements, and organic and elemental carbon was measured in all samples and endotoxins in PM10 samples. The PM-induced release of inflammatory cytokines from differentiated THP-1 macrophages was evaluated. The association of interleukin (IL)-1β release with PM composition was assessed using principal component (PC) regressions. PM2.5 from both dust events and PM10 from one event caused higher IL-1β release than PM from the reference period. PC regressions indicated an inverse relation of IL-1β release with sea spray ions in both size fractions and organic and elemental carbon in PM2.5. The PC with the higher regression coefficient suggested that iron and manganese may contribute to PM2.5-induced IL-1β release. Only during the reference period, endotoxin content strongly differed between sampling stations and correlated with inflammatory potency. Our results demonstrate that long-range transported desert dust amplifies the hazardousness of local air pollution and suggest that, in PM2.5, iron and manganese may be important. Our data indicate that endotoxins are contained in local and long-range transported PM10 but only explain the variability in inflammatory potency of local PM10. The increasing inflammatory potency of respirable and inhalable PM from desert dust events warrants regulatory measures and risk mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany
| | - Eduardo J Dos S Souza
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Claudia Wigmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany.
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Gavito-Covarrubias D, Ramírez-Díaz I, Guzmán-Linares J, Limón ID, Manuel-Sánchez DM, Molina-Herrera A, Coral-García MÁ, Anastasio E, Anaya-Hernández A, López-Salazar P, Juárez-Díaz G, Martínez-Juárez J, Torres-Jácome J, Albarado-Ibáñez A, Martínez-Laguna Y, Morán C, Rubio K. Epigenetic mechanisms of particulate matter exposure: air pollution and hazards on human health. Front Genet 2024; 14:1306600. [PMID: 38299096 PMCID: PMC10829887 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1306600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution nowadays has not only a direct correlation with human health changes but a direct social impact. Epidemiological studies have evidenced the increased damage to human health on a daily basis because of damage to the ecological niche. Rapid urban growth and industrialized societies importantly compromise air quality, which can be assessed by a notable accumulation of air pollutants in both the gas and the particle phases. Of them, particulate matter (PM) represents a highly complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds of the most variable size, composition, and origin. PM being one of the most complex environmental pollutants, its accumulation also varies in a temporal and spatial manner, which challenges current analytical techniques used to investigate PM interactions. Nevertheless, the characterization of the chemical composition of PM is a reliable indicator of the composition of the atmosphere, the quality of breathed air in urbanized societies, industrial zones and consequently gives support for pertinent measures to avoid serious health damage. Epigenomic damage is one of the most promising biological mechanisms of air pollution-derived carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the implication of PM exposure in diverse molecular mechanisms driving human diseases by altered epigenetic regulation. The presented findings in the context of pan-organic cancer, fibrosis, neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases may provide valuable insights into the toxicity effects of PM components at the epigenomic level and may serve as biomarkers of early detection for novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcemaría Gavito-Covarrubias
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Josué Guzmán-Linares
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ilhuicamina Daniel Limón
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Dulce María Manuel-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Molina-Herrera
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Coral-García
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Estela Anastasio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Arely Anaya-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Genética y Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Primavera López-Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Juárez-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Javier Martínez-Juárez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julián Torres-Jácome
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alondra Albarado-Ibáñez
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carolina Morán
- Centro de Investigación en Fisicoquímica de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Mandal M, Popek R, Przybysz A, Roy A, Das S, Sarkar A. Breathing Fresh Air in the City: Implementing Avenue Trees as a Sustainable Solution to Reduce Particulate Pollution in Urban Agglomerations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1545. [PMID: 37050171 PMCID: PMC10097214 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The issue of air pollution from particulate matter (PM) is getting worse as more and more people move into urban areas around the globe. Due to the complexity and diversity of pollution sources, it has long been hard to rely on source control techniques to manage this issue. Due to the fact that urban trees may provide a variety of ecosystem services, there is an urgent need to investigate alternative strategies for dramatically improving air quality. PM has always been a significant concern due to its adverse effects on humans and the entire ecosystem. The severity of this issue has risen in the current global environmental context. Numerous studies on respiratory and other human disorders have revealed a statistical relationship between human exposure to outdoor levels of particles or dust and harmful health effects. These risks are undeniably close to industrial areas where these airborne, inhalable particles are produced. The combined and individual effects of the particle and gaseous contaminants on plants' general physiology can be detrimental. According to research, plant leaves, the primary receptors of PM pollution, can function as biological filters to remove significant amounts of particles from the atmosphere of urban areas. This study showed that vegetation could provide a promising green infrastructure (GI) for better air quality through the canopy and leaf-level processes, going beyond its traditional role as a passive target and sink for air pollutants. Opportunities exist for urban GI as a natural remedy for urban pollution caused by PMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamun Mandal
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Robert Popek
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Przybysz
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anamika Roy
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujit Das
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
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Optimization of the Efficient Extraction of Organic Components in Atmospheric Particulate Matter by Accelerated Solvent Extraction Technique and Its Application. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic components in atmospheric fine particulate matter have attracted much attention and several scientific studies have been performed, although most of the sample extraction methods are time consuming and laborious. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is a new sample extraction method offering number of advantages, such as low extraction cost, reduced solvent and time consumption, and simplified extraction protocols. In order to optimize ASE methods to determine the concentrations of organic compounds in atmospheric fine particulate matter, different parameters were set out for the experiment, and the optimal method was selected according to the recoveries of the standard (i.e., n−alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)). This study also involves a comparison of the optimal method with the traditional method of ultrasonic extraction (USE). In addition, the optimized method was applied to measure the mass concentrations of organic compounds (n−alkanes and PAHs) in fine particulate matter samples collected in Beijing. The findings showed that the average recovery of target compounds using ASE was 96%, with the majority of compounds falling within the confidence levels, and the ASE recoveries and precision were consistent with the USE method tested. Furthermore, ASE combines the advantages of high extraction efficiency, automation, and reduced solvent use. In conclusion, the optimal ASE methods can be used to extract organic components in atmospheric particulate matter and serve as a point of reference for the development of analytical methodologies for assessing organic compounds in atmospheric particulate matter in China.
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Das S, Miller BV, Prospero J, Chellam S. Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic analysis of reference materials and natural and anthropogenic particulate matter sources: Implications for accurately tracing North African dust in complex urban atmospheres. Talanta 2022; 241:123236. [PMID: 35074680 PMCID: PMC8858641 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We present novel chemical separation protocols for isotopic analysis of low mass aliquots (0.3 mg and 25 mg) of several reference materials and real-world samples of relevance to urban airborne particulate matter (PM) investigations. A high-yielding gravity flow column chromatography scheme was developed for facile and quantitative separation of Sr, Nd, and Hf prior to multi collector - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). Because we are interested in isolating and accurately quantitating individual anthropogenic and natural aerosol sources in complex industrial/metropolitan atmospheric environments, laboratory protocols were optimized using National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1648a (urban atmospheric PM), SRM 1633b (coal fly ash), and European Commission standards BCR-723 (vehicular road dust), and BCR-2 (basalt rock standard). Sr, Nd, and Hf procedural blanks from column chromatography were low (averaging only 37 pg, 17 pg, 11 pg, respectively) and recoveries were high (averaging 95%, 82%, and 92%, respectively). A volume-adjustment protocol was established using isotope reference solutions SRM 987 (SrCO3), JNdi (Nd2O3), and in-house Hf standards to dilute the dried samples prior to MC-ICP-MS based on projected uncertainties for low sample masses. 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, and 176Hf/177Hf isotopic ratios in SRM 1648a, BCR-723, and SRM 1633b are reported for the first time that can serve as provisional reference values. The novel method was used to characterize isotopic ratios and elemental abundances in two anthropogenic urban aerosol sources, namely motor vehicles and petroleum refining using airborne fine PM collected in a vehicular tunnel and fluidized-bed catalytic cracking catalysts, respectively. Two other important mineral-rich urban PM sources, namely soil (i.e., resuspended crustal material) and concrete/cement dust (i.e., construction activity) were also characterized. These are the first isotopic measurements in these environmental compartments and were compared with literature data for long-range transported North African dust, which is a prominent summertime PM source in urban regions in southeastern United States. We demonstrate the capability of coupled Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes to uniquely trace different mineral dust sources with overlapping elemental composition (Sahara-Sahel region, local soil, and concrete/cement) and accurately isolate various urban PM sources demonstrating the superiority of isotopic markers over elemental tracers.
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