1
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Atabakhsh S, Haji Abbasali H, Jafarabadi Ashtiani S. Thermally programmable time delay switches for multi-step assays in paper-based microfluidics. Talanta 2024; 271:125695. [PMID: 38295445 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Paper-based microfluidic devices offer advantages such as low cost and disposability for point-of-care diagnostic applications. However, actuation of fluids on paper can be a challenge in multi-step and complex assays. In this work, a thermally programmable time-delay switch (TPTDS) is presented which operates by causing delays in the fluid path of a microfluidics paper-based analytical device (μPAD) by utilizing screen-printed wax micro-bridges. The time-delay is achieved through an electrical power feedback loop which indirectly adjusts the temperature of each individual micro-bridge, melting the wax into the paper. The melted wax manipulates the fluid flow depending on its penetration depth into the paper channel, which is a function of the applied temperature. To demonstrate functionality of the proposed method, the TPTDS is employed to automate and perform the nitrate assay which requires sequential delivery of reagents. Colorimetric detection is used to quantify the results by utilizing an electronic color sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Atabakhsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Hossein Haji Abbasali
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14395/515, Iran
| | - Shahin Jafarabadi Ashtiani
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14395/515, Iran.
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2
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Rypar T, Bezdekova J, Pavelicova K, Vodova M, Adam V, Vaculovicova M, Macka M. Low-tech vs. high-tech approaches in μPADs as a result of contrasting needs and capabilities of developed and developing countries focusing on diagnostics and point-of-care testing. Talanta 2024; 266:124911. [PMID: 37536103 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analysis has captivated scientists' attention in the field of analytical chemistry and related areas for the last two decades. Arguably no other area of modern chemical analysis is so broad and diverse in its approaches spanning from simple 'low-tech' low-cost paper-based analytical devices (PADs) requiring no or simple instrumentation, to sophisticated PADs and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) featuring elements of modern material science and nanomaterials affording high selectivity and sensitivity. Correspondingly diverse is the applicability, covering resource-limited scenarios on the one hand and most advanced approaches on the other. Herein we offer a view reflecting this diversity in the approaches and types of devices. The core idea of this article rests in dividing μPADs according to their type into two groups: A) instrumentation-free μPADs for resource-limited scenarios or developing countries and B) instrumentation-based μPADs as futuristic POC devices for e-diagnostics mainly aimed at developed countries. Each of those two groups is presented and discussed with the view of the main requirements in the given area, the most common targets, sample types and suitable detection approaches either implementing high-tech elements or low-tech low-cost approaches. Finally, a socioeconomic perspective is offered in discussing the fabrication and operational costs of μPADs, and, future perspectives are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rypar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Bezdekova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pavelicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Vodova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mirek Macka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science and School o Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart TAS, 7001, Australia.
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3
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Khataei MM, Yamini Y, Karami M, Badiei A, Maya F, Breadmore M. A miniaturized analytical system with packed epoxy-functionalized mesoporous organosilica for copper determination using a customized Android-based software. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:289. [PMID: 37439831 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
A smartphone-assisted determination of copper ions is introduced by using a down-scaled microfluidic mixer. The system was coupled with a micro-column packed with a periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) material for preconcentration of copper ions. Copper ions were reduced to Cu(I) on-chip to selectively form an orange-colored complex with neocuproine. A novel Android-based software was made to determine the color change of the adsorbent by analyzing red-green-blue (RGB) components of images from the packed PMO material. Four porous framework materials with high porosity and chemical stability were synthesized and compared for the extraction of the Cu-neocuproine complex. The main parameters influencing the complex extraction efficiency were optimized. The analytical performance of the method showed limit of detection and quantification of 0.2 μg L-1 and 0.5 μg L-1, respectively. The accuracy and precision of the method were determined as recovery > 92% and relative standard deviations < 5.2% at medium concentration level (n = 5). Due to accumulation of the retained analyte in a single point and elimination of the stripping step, the RGB-based method showed sensitivity and precision higher than inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for determination of copper ions. To investigate the applicability of the method, six different water samples were analyzed. The t-test on the data showed that the method has no significant difference when compared with ICP-AES determination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yadollah Yamini
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Monireh Karami
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Badiei
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Michael Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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4
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Ben Jaballah M, Karrat A, Amine A, Dridi C. Immobilization of diphenylcarbazide on paper-based analytical devices for the pre-concentration and detection of chromium VI in water samples. Talanta 2023; 265:124889. [PMID: 37399649 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach using a smartphone for the detection of Cr (VI) has been developed. In this context, two different platforms were designed for the detection of Cr (VI). The first one was synthesized via a crosslinking reaction of chitosan with 1,5-Diphenylcarbazide (DPC-CS). The obtained material was integrated into a paper to develop a new paper-based analytical device (DPC-CS-PAD). The DPC-CS-PAD exhibited high specificity toward Cr (VI). The second platform (DPC-Nylon PAD) was prepared by covalent immobilization of DPC onto a Nylon paper and then its analytical performances regarding Cr (VI) extraction and detection were evaluated. DPC-CS-PAD presented a linear range of 0.1-5 ppm with detection and quantification limits of about 0.04 and 0.12 ppm, respectively. The DPC-Nylon-PAD exhibited a linear response of 0.1-2.5 ppm with detection and quantification limits of 0.06 and 0.2 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, the developed platforms were effectively applied for testing the effect of the loading solution volume for trace Cr (IV) detection. For the DPC-CS material, a volume of 20 mL allowed the detection of 4 ppb of Cr (VI). In the case of DPC-Nylon-PAD, the loading volume of 1 mL permitted the detection of the critical concentration of Cr (VI) in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menyar Ben Jaballah
- NANOMISENE Laboratory, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology CRMN of Sousse Technopole, B.P. 334, LR16CRMN01, Sahloul, Sousse, 4054, Tunisia
| | - Abdelhafid Karrat
- Laboratory of Process Engineering and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan II University of Casablanca, P.A. 146., Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Aziz Amine
- Laboratory of Process Engineering and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan II University of Casablanca, P.A. 146., Mohammedia, Morocco.
| | - Chérif Dridi
- NANOMISENE Laboratory, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology CRMN of Sousse Technopole, B.P. 334, LR16CRMN01, Sahloul, Sousse, 4054, Tunisia.
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5
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Ramírez-Coronel AA, Alameri AA, Altalbawy F, Sanaan Jabbar H, Lateef Al-Awsi GR, Iswanto AH, Altamimi AS, Shareef Mohsen K, Almulla AF, Mustafa YF. Smartphone-Facilitated Mobile Colorimetric Probes for Rapid Monitoring of Chemical Contaminations in Food: Advances and Outlook. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36598426 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2164173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone-derived colorimetric tools have the potential to revolutionize food safety control by enabling citizens to carry out monitoring assays. To realize this, it is of paramount significance to recognize recent study efforts and figure out important technology gaps in terms of food security. Driven by international connectivity and the extensive distribution of smartphones, along with their built-in probes and powerful computing abilities, smartphone-based sensors have shown enormous potential as cost-effective and portable diagnostic scaffolds for point-of-need tests. Meantime, the colorimetric technique is of particular notice because of its benefits of rapidity, simplicity, and high universality. In this study, we tried to outline various colorimetric platforms using smartphone technology, elucidate their principles, and explore their applications in detecting target analytes (pesticide residues, antibiotic residues, metal ions, pathogenic bacteria, toxins, and mycotoxins) considering their sensitivity and multiplexing capability. Challenges and desired future perspectives for cost-effective, accurate, reliable, and multi-functions smartphone-based colorimetric tools have also been debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Laboratory of Psychometrics, Comparative Psychology and Ethology (LABPPCE), Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador and Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ameer A Alameri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Farag Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, Tabuk University, Duba, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijran Sanaan Jabbar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Acim Heri Iswanto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Abdulmalik S Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karrar Shareef Mohsen
- Information and Communication Technology Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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6
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Rodríguez CF, Andrade-Pérez V, Vargas MC, Mantilla-Orozco A, Osma JF, Reyes LH, Cruz JC. Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1176557. [PMID: 37180035 PMCID: PMC10172592 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1176557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses both science and engineering, which aims to design and fabricate devices capable of manipulating extremely low volumes of fluids on a microscale level. The central objective of microfluidics is to provide high precision and accuracy while using minimal reagents and equipment. The benefits of this approach include greater control over experimental conditions, faster analysis, and improved experimental reproducibility. Microfluidic devices, also known as labs-on-a-chip (LOCs), have emerged as potential instruments for optimizing operations and decreasing costs in various of industries, including pharmaceutical, medical, food, and cosmetics. However, the high price of conventional prototypes for LOCs devices, generated in clean room facilities, has increased the demand for inexpensive alternatives. Polymers, paper, and hydrogels are some of the materials that can be utilized to create the inexpensive microfluidic devices covered in this article. In addition, we highlighted different manufacturing techniques, such as soft lithography, laser plotting, and 3D printing, that are suitable for creating LOCs. The selection of materials and fabrication techniques will depend on the specific requirements and applications of each individual LOC. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous alternatives for the development of low-cost LOCs to service industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Camila Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Johann F. Osma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis H. Reyes
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Luis H. Reyes, ; Juan C. Cruz,
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Luis H. Reyes, ; Juan C. Cruz,
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7
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Xing G, Ai J, Wang N, Pu Q. Recent progress of smartphone-assisted microfluidic sensors for point of care testing. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Silva-Neto HA, Arantes IV, Ferreira AL, do Nascimento GH, Meloni GN, de Araujo WR, Paixão TR, Coltro WK. Recent advances on paper-based microfluidic devices for bioanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Advanced molecularly imprinted polymer-based paper analytical device for selective and sensitive detection of Bisphenol-A in water samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Khosropour H, Kalambate PK, Kalambate RP, Permpoka K, Zhou X, Chen GY, Laiwattanapaisal W. A comprehensive review on electrochemical and optical aptasensors for organophosphorus pesticides. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:362. [PMID: 36044085 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
There has been a rise in pesticide use as a result of the growing industrialization of agriculture. Organophosphorus pesticides have been widely applied as agricultural and domestic pest control agents for nearly five decades, and they remain as health and environmental hazards in water supplies, vegetables, fruits, and processed foods causing serious foodborne illness. Thus, the rapid and reliable detection of these harmful organophosphorus toxins with excellent sensitivity and selectivity is of utmost importance. Aptasensors are biosensors based on aptamers, which exhibit exceptional recognition capability for a variety of targets. Aptasensors offer numerous advantages over conventional approaches, including increased sensitivity, selectivity, design flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. As a result, interest in developing aptasensors continues to expand. This paper discusses the historical and modern advancements of aptasensors through the use of nanotechnology to enhance the signal, resulting in high sensitivity and detection accuracy. More importantly, this review summarizes the principles and strategies underlying different organophosphorus aptasensors, including electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent, fluorescent, and colorimetric ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khosropour
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pramod K Kalambate
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rupali P Kalambate
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Khageephun Permpoka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - George Y Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wanida Laiwattanapaisal
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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11
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Solanki R, Patra I, Kumar TCA, Kumar NB, Kandeel M, Sivaraman R, Turki Jalil A, Yasin G, Sharma S, Abdulameer Marhoon H. Smartphone-Based Techniques Using Carbon Dot Nanomaterials for Food Safety Analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35857650 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2099733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of portable and efficient nanoprobes to realize the quantitative/qualitative onsite determination of food pollutants is of immense importance for safeguarding human health and food safety. With the advent of the smartphone, the digital imaging property causes it to be an ideal diagnostic substrate to point-of-care analysis probes. Besides, merging the versatility of carbon dots nanostructures and bioreceptor abilities has opened an innovative assortment of construction blocks to design advanced nanoprobes or improving those existing ones. On this ground, massive endeavors have been made to combine mobile phones with smart nanomaterials to produce portable (bio)sensors in a reliable, low cost, rapid, and even facile-to-implement area with inadequate resources. Herein, this work outlines the latest advancement of carbon dots nanostructures on smartphone for onsite detecting of agri-food pollutants. Particularly, we afford a summary of numerous approaches applied for target molecule diagnosis (pesticides, mycotoxins, pathogens, antibiotics, and metal ions), for instance microscopic imaging, fluorescence, colorimetric, and electrochemical techniques. Authors tried to list those scaffolds that are well-recognized in complex media or those using novel constructions/techniques. Lastly, we also point out some challenges and appealing prospects related to the enhancement of high-efficiency smartphone based carbon dots systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Solanki
- Department of Chemistry, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam University, Indore, India
| | | | - T Ch Anil Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, India
| | - N Bharath Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Guntur, India
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Sivaraman
- Department of Mathematics, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College, University of Madras, Arumbakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Department of Botany, university of Bahauddin Zakariya, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sandhir Sharma
- Chitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon
- Information and Communication Technology Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Iraq
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12
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Development of a Paper-Based Analytical Method for the Selective Colorimetric Determination of Bismuth in Water Samples. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10070265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel, direct and simple colorimetric method employing μicroanalytical paper-based devices (μ-PADs) for the selective determination of bismuth is described. The suggested method exploits the colorimetric variation of bismuth after its rapid reaction with methyl thymol blue (MTB) in an acidic medium (pH ranging between 0.7 and 3.0), modified with nitric acid, on the surface of a paper device at room temperature. The devices are low cost, composed of chromatographic paper and wax barriers and the analytical protocol is easily applicable with minimal technical expertise and without the need for experimental apparatus. The user must add a test sample and read the color intensity of the colored Bi(III)–MTB complex formed at the sensing area using a simple imaging device such as a flatbed scanner. Various chemical variables, such as HNO3 and MTB concentration, reaction time, ionic strength, detection zone size and photo-capture detector are optimized. A study of interfering ions such as K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42− and HCO3− was also conducted. The stability of the paper devices is also studied in different maintenance conditions with particularly satisfactory results, rendering the method suitable for field analysis. The detection limits are as low as 3.0 mg L−1 with very satisfactory precision, ranging from 4.0% (intra-day) to 5.5% (inter-day). Natural water samples are successfully analyzed, and bismuth percentage recoveries were calculated in the range of 82.8 to 115.4%.
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13
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Schaumburg F, Vidocevich JP, Gerlero GS, Pujato N, Macagno J, Kler PA, Berli CLA. A free customizable tool for easy integration of microfluidics and smartphones. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8969. [PMID: 35624294 PMCID: PMC9142529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of smartphones and microfluidics is nowadays the best possible route to achieve effective point-of-need testing (PONT), a concept increasingly demanded in the fields of human health, agriculture, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Nevertheless, efforts are still required to integrally seize all the advantages of smartphones, as well as to share the developments in easily adoptable formats. For this purpose, here we present the free platform appuente that was designed for the easy integration of microfluidic chips, smartphones, and the cloud. It includes a mobile app for end users, which provides chip identification and tracking, guidance and control, processing, smart-imaging, result reporting and cloud and Internet of Things (IoT) integration. The platform also includes a web app for PONT developers, to easily customize their mobile apps and manage the data of administered tests. Three application examples were used to validate appuente: a dummy grayscale detector that mimics quantitative colorimetric tests, a root elongation assay for pesticide toxicity assessment, and a lateral flow immunoassay for leptospirosis detection. The platform openly offers fast prototyping of smartphone apps to the wide community of lab-on-a-chip developers, and also serves as a friendly framework for new techniques, IoT integration and further capabilities. Exploiting these advantages will certainly help to enlarge the use of PONT with real-time connectivity in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Schaumburg
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Juan P Vidocevich
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriel S Gerlero
- Centro de Investigación de Métodos Computacionales (CIMEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nazarena Pujato
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica (FBCB, UNL), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Joana Macagno
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Kler
- Centro de Investigación de Métodos Computacionales (CIMEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio L A Berli
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), Colectora RN 168, S3000GLN, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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14
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Li X, Cheng Y, Xu R, Zhang Z, Qi X, Chen L, Zhu M. A smartphone-assisted microarray immunosensor coupled with GO-based multi-stage signal amplification strategy for high-sensitivity detection of okadaic acid. Talanta 2022; 247:123567. [PMID: 35623247 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is one of the main virulence factors of diarrheal shellfish toxins (DSP), which can cause acute carcinogenic or teratogenic effects after ingestion of contaminated shellfish. Therefore, high-sensitivity and fast detection of OA is a key to preventing the occurrence of safety accidents. In this paper, we effectively established a smartphone-assisted microarray immunosensor combined with an indirect competitive ELISA (iELISA) for quantitative colorimetric detection of OA. To further improve the detection sensitivity and match the smartphone imaging, a novel graphene oxide (GO) composite probe was developed to realize the multi-stage signal amplification. The system exhibited a wide linear range for the detection of OA (0.02-33.6 ng ·mL-1) with low detection limit of 0.02 ng ·mL-1. The recovery of OA in spiked shellfish samples was in the range of 80%-103.5%, which indicates the good applicability of this biosensor. The whole detection system has advantages of simplicity, low cost, high sensitivity and portability, which is expected to be a powerful alternative tool for on-site detecting and early warning of the pollution of marine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China.
| | - Ranran Xu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Longyu Chen
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Meijia Zhu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, China
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15
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Intelligent biosensing strategies for rapid detection in food safety: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 202:114003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Kishnani V, Park S, Nakate UT, Mondal K, Gupta A. Nano-functionalized paper-based IoT enabled devices for point-of-care testing: a review. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 24:2. [PMID: 34792679 PMCID: PMC8600500 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the microfluidics phenomenon coupled with the Internet of Things (IoT) using innovative nano-functional materials has been recognized as a sustainable and economical tool for point-of-care testing (POCT) of various pathogens influencing human health. The sensors based on these phenomena aim to be designed for cost-effectiveness, make it handy, environment-friendly, and get an accurate, easy, and rapid response. Considering the burgeoning importance of analytical devices in the healthcare domain, this review paper is based on the gist of sensing aspects of the microfabricated paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). The article discusses the various used design methodologies and fabrication approaches and elucidates the recently reported surface modification strategies, detection mechanisms viz., colorimetric, electrochemical, fluorescence, electrochemiluminescence, etc. In a nutshell, this article summarizes the state-of-the-art research work carried out over the nano functionalized paper-based analytical devices and associated challenges/solutions in the point of care testing domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kishnani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur-342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sungjune Park
- Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Umesh T Nakate
- Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur-342037, Rajasthan, India.
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17
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Qin X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Li J, Yuan L, Zhang Z, Chen L. Microfluidic paper-based chips in rapid detection: Current status, challenges, and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Jiao Z, Guo Z, Huang X, Yang J, Huang J, Liu Y, Liu G, Zhang P, Song C, Tang BZ. 3D-Printed, Portable, Fluorescent-Sensing Platform for Smartphone-Capable Detection of Organophosphorus Residue Using Reaction-Based Aggregation Induced Emission Luminogens. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2845-2850. [PMID: 34406746 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Development of an easy-to-use, low-cost, household device can help the consumer quickly identify an organophosphorus (OP) residue concentration level. In this work, we demonstrate a 3D-printed, portable, fluorescent-sensing platform for smartphone-capable detection of OPs in vegetables. For development of the proposed device, we utilize the smartphone for capturing the strong thiol-activated fluorescence, which was produced by hydrolysis of OPs in the presence of alkali. The thiol-responsive AIEgen (maleimide-functionalized tetraphenylethylene) was non-emissive in both solution and the solid state but could be readily lighted up by the click addition of thiol to its MI pendant. An android application "Detection" has been developed on the basis of the gray value to analyze the different concentration levels of OPs in vegetable samples. The gray value was linearly related with the concentration of five kinds of organophosphorus residue, ranging from 0 to 20 μg/mL. It was also applied for determination of OPs residue in the leaves of cowpea, celery, and Chinese cabbage. Different from acetylcholinesterase enzyme-based sensors for poor stability under high temperature, the proposed method was a direct detection method for OPs and can be used for rapid monitoring of OPs residue concentration levels before LC-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jiao
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Zongning Guo
- Huangpu Customs District Technology Center, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Xuelin Huang
- Huangpu Customs District Technology Center, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Jialing Yang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jianxiang Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Liu
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chao Song
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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19
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Li M, Wang L, Qi W, Liu Y, Lin J. Challenges and Perspectives for Biosensing of Bioaerosol Containing Pathogenic Microorganisms. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:798. [PMID: 34357208 PMCID: PMC8307108 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As an important route for disease transmission, bioaerosols have received increasing attention. In the past decades, many efforts were made to facilitate the development of bioaerosol monitoring; however, there are still some important challenges in bioaerosol collection and detection. Thus, recent advances in bioaerosol collection (such as sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation, impaction, impingement, and microfluidics) and detection methods (such as culture, molecular biological assay, and immunological assay) were summarized in this review. Besides, the important challenges and perspectives for bioaerosol biosensing were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianhan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (M.L.); (L.W.); (W.Q.); (Y.L.)
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20
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Al Lawati HAJ, Hassanzadeh J, Bagheri N, Al Lawati I. On paper synthesis of metal-organic framework as a chemiluminescence enhancer for estimating the total phenolic content of food samples using a smartphone readout. Talanta 2021; 234:122648. [PMID: 34364457 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel paper-based chemiluminescence (CL) assay is reported using a smartphone readout for on-site and reliable analytical applications. The CL system was based on the high-performance improving effect of cobalt-imidazole metal-organic framework (CoMOF) on luminol-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) CL emission. The CoMOF was grown on paper and used as a support for the CL reaction, which led to an intense CL emission and good reproducibility. More importantly, the stability of luminol, as the CL reagent, was greatly improved in the presence of CoMOF. This high stability, along with the high-yield CL emission, makes the device highly suitable for commercialization. Furthermore, using a smartphone as the detector for the developed device made the process easier and more accessible for public usage. In this work, the new paper-based CL smartphone device was used for the detection of the total phenolic content of food samples. Phenolic compounds (PC) are hydroxyl radical scavengers that can effectively quench the CL emission of the luminol-H2O2-CoMOF system. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the system could detect PC at the μg mL-1 level. Detection limits of 0.12, 0.28, 0.46, 0.85, and 1.23 μg mL-1 were obtained for gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, and caffeic acid, respectively. This work is the first report on the practical application of smartphone CL assays for the estimation of PC. The proposed assay is an easy-to-use, low-cost, portable, and suitable assay for on-site screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider A J Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman.
| | - Javad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Nafiseh Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Iman Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
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21
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Portable microfluidic devices for in-field detection of pharmaceutical residues in water: Recent outcomes and current technological situation – A short review. CASE STUDIES IN CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2020.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Geballa-Koukoula A, Gerssen A, Nielen MWF. From Smartphone Lateral Flow Immunoassay Screening to Direct MS Analysis: Development and Validation of a Semi-Quantitative Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometric (DART-MS) Approach to the Analysis of Deoxynivalenol. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1861. [PMID: 33800036 PMCID: PMC7962121 DOI: 10.3390/s21051861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In current food safety monitoring, lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used for rapid food contaminant screening. Recent advances include smartphone readouts, offering semi-quantitative analysis of LFIAs with time, location, and data transfer in case of on-site testing. Following the screening, the next step in the EU regulations is confirmation by, e.g., liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In this work, using direct analysis in real time ambient ionization and triple quadrupole MS/MS (DART-QqQ-MS/MS), we achieved rapid confirmation of the identity of the substance(s) causing the LFIA result. In the workflow proposed, an individual performs the (on-site) smartphone LFIA screening, and when the result is suspect, an identification LFIA (ID-LFIA) strip is developed with the same sample extract. The ID-LFIA can be dissociated and rapidly analyzed in a control laboratory with DART-QqQ-MS/MS. The ID-LFIA consists of multiple lines of monoclonal antibodies against the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, acting as a bioaffinity trap. The ID-LFIA/DART-QqQ-MS/MS approach has been developed and validated, along with the screening smartphone LFIA, and has demonstrated its applicability by analyzing incurred and spiked samples. The developed approach has been critically compared with our previous direct electrospray ionization MS method and was found to provide highly complementary information on the total deoxynivalenol contamination in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadni Geballa-Koukoula
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (M.W.F.N.)
| | - Arjen Gerssen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (M.W.F.N.)
| | - Michel W. F. Nielen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (M.W.F.N.)
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Tsagkaris AS, Pulkrabova J, Hajslova J. Optical Screening Methods for Pesticide Residue Detection in Food Matrices: Advances and Emerging Analytical Trends. Foods 2021; 10:E88. [PMID: 33466242 PMCID: PMC7824741 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have been extensively used in agriculture to protect crops and enhance their yields, indicating the need to monitor for their toxic residues in foodstuff. To achieve that, chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry is the common analytical approach, combining low limits of detection, wide linear ranges, and high accuracy. However, these methods are also quite expensive, time-consuming, and require highly skilled personnel, indicating the need to seek for alternatives providing simple, low-cost, rapid, and on-site results. In this study, we critically review the available screening methods for pesticide residues on the basis of optical detection during the period 2016-2020. Optical biosensors are commonly miniaturized analytical platforms introducing the point-of-care (POC) era in the field. Various optical detection principles have been utilized, namely, colorimetry, fluorescence (FL), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Nanomaterials can significantly enhance optical detection performance and handheld platforms, for example, handheld SERS devices can revolutionize testing. The hyphenation of optical assays to smartphones is also underlined as it enables unprecedented features such as one-click results using smartphone apps or online result communication. All in all, despite being in an early stage facing several challenges, i.e., long sample preparation protocols or interphone variation results, such POC diagnostics pave a new road into the food safety field in which analysis cost will be reduced and a more intensive testing will be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis S. Tsagkaris
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6—Dejvice, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (J.H.)
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