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Orlando RM, Dvořák M, Kubáň P. Electroextraction of Large Volume Samples Using Paper Points Coupled With Hollow Fiber Membranes: Study of Parameters and Strategies to Enhance Analytical Performance. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 39470112 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
Electroextraction (EE) encompasses a range of sample preparation methods whose effectiveness, selectivity, and efficiency are significantly influenced by the physical-chemical characteristics of analytes, samples, and instrumental conditions. This article explores, for the first time, various strategies aimed at enhancing the extraction efficiency of a recent approach of EE utilizing a paper point (PP) combined with a hollow fiber (HF) (abbreviated as PP-HF-EE) to extract various cationic and anionic model compounds from water samples. The study also explores, experimentally, the impact of agitation, organic filter composition, PP diameter, and PP brand on extraction performance, and proves that all these factors are quite important, especially when digital image analysis is utilized for determination. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the ease and feasibility of simultaneously extracting cations and anions using PP-HF-EE and proposes a straightforward method to enhance analyte concentration on the vertex of the PP through a base-to-vertex focusing. Lastly, it is demonstrated, using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a UV-Vis detector, that for PP-HF-EE, the extraction efficiency and pre-concentration factor are less dependent on other parameters when multiple PPs per sample are utilized, with signal enhancement values of up to 111 and 339 for nortriptyline and haloperidol, respectively. All the findings and strategies presented herein constitute significant contributions that can facilitate future research in method development, particularly in the utilization of PP-HF-EE and similar EE approaches.
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Grants
- RVO68081715 by Czech Academy of Sciences, PROCAD Segurança Pública e Ciências Forenses, INCTAA/ CNPq/FAPESP, and Rede Mineira de Ciências Forenses.
- 88881.516313/2029-01 by Czech Academy of Sciences, PROCAD Segurança Pública e Ciências Forenses, INCTAA/ CNPq/FAPESP, and Rede Mineira de Ciências Forenses.
- 465768/2014-8 by Czech Academy of Sciences, PROCAD Segurança Pública e Ciências Forenses, INCTAA/ CNPq/FAPESP, and Rede Mineira de Ciências Forenses.
- 2014/50951-4 by Czech Academy of Sciences, PROCAD Segurança Pública e Ciências Forenses, INCTAA/ CNPq/FAPESP, and Rede Mineira de Ciências Forenses.
- RED-00120-23 by Czech Academy of Sciences, PROCAD Segurança Pública e Ciências Forenses, INCTAA/ CNPq/FAPESP, and Rede Mineira de Ciências Forenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mathias Orlando
- Laboratory of Microfluidics and Separations (LaMS), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhan H, Hao M, Lin E, Zheng Z, Huang C, Cai S, Cao S, Huang Y, Chen Z. A Pure Shift-Based Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Method for In-Phase Three-Dimensional Diffusion-Ordered Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1002-1007. [PMID: 36579454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DOSY) plays a vital role in mixture studies. However, its applications to complex mixture samples are generally limited by spectral congestion along the chemical shift domain caused by extensive J coupling networks and abundant compounds. Herein, we develop the in-phase multidimensional DOSY strategy for complex mixture analyses by simultaneously revealing molecular self-diffusion behaviors and multiplet structures with optimal spectral resolution. As a proof of concept, two pure shift-based three-dimensional (3D) DOSY protocols are proposed to record high-resolution 3D spectroscopic view with separated mixture components and their resolved multiplet coupling structures, thus suitable for analyzing complex mixtures that contain abundant compounds and complicated molecular structures, even under adverse magnetic field conditions. Therefore, this study shows a promising tool for component analyses and multiplet structure studies on practical mixture samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Zhan
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Mengyou Hao
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Enping Lin
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zeyu Zheng
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chengda Huang
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuohui Cao
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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Shang Q, Mei H, Huang C, Shen X. Fundamentals, operations and applications of electromembrane extraction: An overview of reviews. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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