A general route for the synthesis of β,β-difluorocarboxylic acids

Drastic fluorine effect: complete reversal of the selectivity in the Au-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation reaction of fluorinated haloalkynes

The gold-catalyzed hydration reaction of haloalkynes is highly regioselective producing 2-halomethylketones as the sole products. Herein, we document a drastic fluorine effect where the reaction of 1-halo-3,3-difluoroalkynes as substrates leads to a complete reversal of selectivity and produces 3,3-difluoroesters as the unique products.

Fluorinated Musk Fragrances: The CF2 Group as a Conformational Bias Influencing the Odour of Civetone and (R)-Muscone

The difluoromethylene (CF2 ) group has a strong tendency to adopt corner over edge locations in aliphatic macrocycles. In this study, the CF2 group has been introduced into musk relevant macrocyclic ketones. Nine civetone and five muscone analogues have been prepared by synthesis for structure and odour comparisons. X-ray studies indeed show that the CF2 groups influence ring structure and they give some insight into the preferred ring conformations, triggering a musk odour as determined in a professional perfumery environment. The historical conformational model of Bersuker and co-workers for musk fragrance generally holds, and structures that become distorted from this consensus, by the particular placement of the CF2 groups, lose their musk fragrance and become less pleasant.