Reductive intramolecular coupling of phthalimides with esters and ketones by low-valent titanium

Electroselective and Controlled Cross-Coupling of Isoindolinones with Alcohols

A novel and efficient electrochemical method for electroselective and controlled cross-coupling of isoindolinones with equivalent alcohols has been developed without the need for metal catalysts and strong bases under mild conditions. The reaction provides a novel strategy for the controllable and effective synthesis of 3-alkoxyl and N-hydroxymethyl-substituted isoindolinones, which is adjusted by 4-OH-TEMPO and tolerates various substrates. This protocol is an efficient tool for the construction of C-O and C-N bonds with high chemoselectivity.

Construction of indolizine scaffolds from α,ω-alkynoic acids and α,ω-vinylamines via sequential-relay catalysis in "one pot"

A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of a diverse range of aryl-fused indolizin-3-ones through sequential Au(I)-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation, aminolysis, and cyclization, followed by ruthenium-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis. Moderate to good yields were observed with satisfactory substrate scope and functional group tolerance. The developed protocol represents a practical strategy for the construction of bioactive aryl-fused indolizin-3-ones.

Electroreductive Coupling of Phthalimides with α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds and Subsequent Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement to 4-Aminonaphthalen-1-ols: Density Functional Theory Study of the Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Ketene Silyl Acetals

The electroreductive coupling of phthalimides with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of TMSCl and successive treatment of the electrochemically coupled products with TFA gave two types of rearranged products, 3- and 2-substituted 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ols. The substituent (R) on the nitrogen atom of phthalimides determined which type of 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol was preferentially formed. Bulky and less bulky N substituents selectively afforded 3- and 2-substituted 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ols, respectively. It was presumed by the density functional theory calculations for the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of silyl ketene acetals produced by the electroreductive coupling that the rearranged product selectivity depends on whether O or N protonation of the amide group of the silyl ketene acetals occurs more rapidly.