Axially chiral C2-symmetric N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) palladium complexes-catalyzed asymmetric arylation of aldehydes with arylboronic acids

Ru-Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Aliphatic Aldehydes via P-Chiral Monophosphorous Ligands

Chiral alcohols are among the most widely applied in fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Herein, the Ru-monophosphine catalyst formed in situ was found to promote an enantioselective addition of aliphatic aldehydes with arylboronic acids, delivering the chiral alcohols in excellent yields and enantioselectivities and exhibiting a broad scope of aliphatic aldehydes and arylboronic acids. The enantioselectivities are highly dependent on the monophosphorous ligands. The utility of this asymmetric synthetic method was showcased by a large-scale transformation.

(±)-trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine-Based Bis(NHC) Ligand for Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reaction

Bis(NHC) ligand precursors, L1, based on trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane were designed and synthesized. To introduce chirality at the hydroxyamide side arm on the NHC of L1, a chiral β-amino alcohol, such as enantiopure leucinol, was used. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of cyclic and acyclic enones with Et2Zn were selected to evaluate the performance of L1 as a chiral ligand. For the reaction of cyclic enone, a combination of [bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene]-(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(I) (Cu(hfacac)(btmsa)) with a (±)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-based bis(NHC) ligand precursor, (rac; S,S)-L1, which was prepared from (S)-leucinol, was the most effective. Thus, treating 2-cyclohexen-1-one (3) with Et2Zn in the presence of catalytic amounts of Cu(hfacac)(btmsa) and (rac; S,S)-L1 afforded (R)-3-ethylcyclohexanone ((R)-4) with 97% ee. Similarly, use of (rac; R,R)-L1, which was prepared from (R)-leucinol, produced (S)-4 with 97% ee. Conversely, for the asymmetric 1,4-addition reaction of the acyclic enone, optically pure (−)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-based bis(NHC) ligand precursor, (R,R; S,S)-L1, worked efficiently. For example, 3-nonen-2-one (5) was reacted with Et2Zn using the CuOAc/(R,R; S,S)-L1 catalytic system to afford (R)-4-ethylnonan-2-one ((R)-6) with 90% ee. Furthermore, initially changing the counterion of the Cu precatalyst between an OAc and a ClO4 ligand on the metal reversed the facial selectivity of the approach of the substrates. Thus, the conjugate addition reaction of 5 with Et2Zn using the Cu(ClO4)2/(R,R; S,S)-L1 catalytic system, afforded (S)-6 with 75% ee.

Ir(COD)Cl]2/Tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite-Catalyzed Addition Reactions of Arylboronic Acids with Aldehydes

[Ir(COD)Cl]2/tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite-catalyzed addition reactions of arylboronic acids with aldehydes were described. The Ir(I) catalyst, generated from [Ir(COD)Cl]2 and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite, was an efficient catalyst system for the addition reactions of a variety of arylboronic acids with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. The easy availability of the catalyst and good yields make these reactions potentially useful in organic synthesis.

Transition-metal-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of amido(hetero)arylboronic acid aldehydes to isoquinolinones and derivatives

We report an innovative and simple three step high yielding synthesis of a library of 14 chiral isoquinolinone and azepinone derivatives with benzyl, pyridyl and thiophene cores starting from amidoarylboronic acid aldehydes.