Regioselective glycosylation of 3,6-unprotected mannoside derivatives: fast access to high-mannose type oligosaccharides

Multisite Partial Glycosylation Approach for Preparation of Biologically Relevant Oligomannosyl Branches Contribute to Lectin Affinity Analysis

High-mannose-type glycans play essential biological roles, e.g., immune response and glycoprotein quality control, and preparing a series of oligomannosyl branches of high-mannose-type glycans is critical for biological studies. However, obtaining sufficient amounts of the various oligomannosyl branches is challenging. In this study, we demonstrated a partial glycosylation strategy for the single-step synthesis of various biologically relevant oligomannosyl-branched structures. First, Manα1-6(Manα1-3)Man-type oligomannosyl branch was synthesized via double glycosylation from a 3,6-di-OH mannosyl acceptor and fluorinated mannosyl donor with perfect α-selectivity. Subsequent partial glycosylation by reducing the equivalent of the mannosyl donor enabled to obtain biologically relevant Manα1-2Manα1-6(Manα1-2Manα1-3)Man, Manα1-6(Manα1-2Manα1-3)Man, Manα1-2Manα1-6(Manα1-3)Man, and Manα1-6(Manα1-3)Man in one-pot. Each oligomannosyl branch could be easily purified by liquid chromatography. The resulting structural isomers were identified by 2D-HMBC NMR. A systematic lectin affinity assay using the prepared oligomannosyl branches showed different specificities for the Galanthus nivalis lectin between structural isomers of the oligomannosyl branches with the same number of mannose residues..

Rapid assembly of branched mannose oligosaccharides through consecutive regioselective glycosylation: A convergent and efficient strategy

A convergent and efficient strategy for the synthesis of high-mannose oligosaccharides is described wherein regioselective glycosylations between trichloroacetimidate donors and partially protected acceptors are employed to reduce the number of protection-deprotection steps. Two representative branched mannose oligosaccharides, a mannose heptasaccharide (Man7) and a mannose nonasaccharide (Man9) were constructed via (4+3) and (5+4) glycosylations, respectively. These mannose-containing oligosaccharides were obtained in nine steps in ~25% overall yield and >98% purity on 60-70 mg scales to demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategy.

One-Pot Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Double-Differential Glycosidation Mediated by Lanthanide Triflates

Nuanced activation of n-pentenyl, thioglycoside, and trichloroacetimidate donors by lanthanide salts coupled with donor/acceptor matching can simplify oligosaccharide assembly. Thus, a one-pot, double-differential glycosidation process can be designed, in which an n-pentenyl acceptor-diol is chemo- and regioselectively glycosidated by using an n-pentenyl ortho ester under the agency of Yb(OTf)(3)/NIS followed by in situ addition of a 2-O-acylated trichloroacetimidate or ethyl thioglycoside to effect stereoselective glycosidation at the remaining OH.