1
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Zhang X. Cyclization Strategies in Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis: An Up-to-Date Review. Molecules 2024; 29:4861. [PMID: 39459236 PMCID: PMC11510574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29204861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The metathesis reaction between carbonyl compounds and olefins has emerged as a potent strategy for facilitating swift functional group interconversion and the construction of intricate organic structures through the creation of novel carbon-carbon double bonds. To date, significant progress has been made in carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions, where oxetane, pyrazolidine, 1,3-diol, and metal alkylidene have been proved to be key intermediates. Recently, several reviews have been disclosed, focusing on distinct catalytic approaches for achieving carbonyl-olefin metathesis. However, the summarization of cyclization strategies for constructing aromatic heterocyclic frameworks through carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions has rarely been reported. Consequently, we present an up-to-date review of the cyclization strategies in carbonyl-olefin metathesis, categorizing them into three main groups: the formation of monocyclic compounds, bicyclic compounds, and polycyclic compounds. This review delves into the underlying mechanism, scope, and applications, offering a comprehensive perspective on the current strength and the limitation of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China;
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
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2
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Albright H, Davis AJ, Gomez-Lopez JL, Vonesh HL, Quach PK, Lambert TH, Schindler CS. Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9359-9406. [PMID: 34133136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Review describes the development of strategies for carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions relying on stepwise, stoichiometric, or catalytic approaches. A comprehensive overview of currently available methods is provided starting with Paternò-Büchi cycloadditions between carbonyls and alkenes, followed by fragmentation of the resulting oxetanes, metal alkylidene-mediated strategies, [3 + 2]-cycloaddition approaches with strained hydrazines as organocatalysts, Lewis acid-mediated and Lewis acid-catalyzed strategies relying on the formation of intermediate oxetanes, and protocols based on initial carbon-carbon bond formation between carbonyls and alkenes and subsequent Grob-fragmentations. The Review concludes with an overview of applications of these currently available methods for carbonyl-olefin metathesis in complex molecule synthesis. Over the past eight years, the field of carbonyl-olefin metathesis has grown significantly and expanded from stoichiometric reaction protocols to efficient catalytic strategies for ring-closing, ring-opening, and cross carbonyl-olefin metathesis. The aim of this Review is to capture the status quo of the field and is expected to contribute to further advancements in carbonyl-olefin metathesis in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Albright
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ashlee J Davis
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jessica L Gomez-Lopez
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hannah L Vonesh
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Phong K Quach
- Cornell University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 253 East Avenue, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Tristan H Lambert
- Cornell University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 253 East Avenue, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Corinna S Schindler
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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3
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Kaur N, Verma Y, Grewal P, Bhardwaj P, Devi M. Application of titanium catalysts for the syntheses of heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1606922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Yamini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pooja Grewal
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pranshu Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Meenu Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
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4
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Hodík T, Schneider C. Brønsted acid-catalyzed, enantioselective synthesis of 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylates via in situ generated ortho-quinone methide imines. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3706-3716. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00488e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward approach toward the synthesis of a broad range of 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylates is described. Under phosphoric acid catalysis in situ-generated ortho-quinone methide imines reacted with β-keto esters to form the nitrogen heterocycles with good chemical yields and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Hodík
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Leipzig
- D-04103 Leipzig
- Germany
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5
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Kretzschmar M, Hodík T, Schneider C. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Addition of Enamides to ortho
-Quinone Methide Imines-An Efficient and Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydroacridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9788-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kretzschmar
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Tomáš Hodík
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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6
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Kretzschmar M, Hodík T, Schneider C. Brønsted-Säure-katalysierte Addition von Enamiden an ortho
-Chinonmethidimine - ein effizienter und hoch enantioselektiver Zugang zu chiralen Tetrahydroacridinen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kretzschmar
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Tomáš Hodík
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
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7
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A ring closing metathesis-manganese dioxide oxidation sequence for the synthesis of substituted pyrroles. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Yu M, Kim SG. Asymmetric organocatalytic Michael addition/aza-cyclization coupled with sequential Michael addition for synthesizing densely polycyclic-fused dihydroquinolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Hassam M, Taher A, Arnott GE, Green IR, van Otterlo WAL. Isomerization of Allylbenzenes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5462-569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassam
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Abu Taher
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Gareth E. Arnott
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
- School
of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
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10
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Lee Y, Heo S, Kim SG. Asymmetric One-Pot Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydroquinolines via an Organocatalytic Aza-Michael/Michael Cascade Strategy. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Lee Y, Kim SG. Asymmetric Organocatalytic Cascade Reaction of Aldehydes with 2-Amino-β-nitrostyrenes: Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydroquinolines and Dihydroquinolines. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8234-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501406v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yona Lee
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kobayashi Y, Igarashi J, Feng C, Toshifumi, Tojo. Efficient synthesis of substituted quinolines through intramolecular addition of aryl anion to carbonyl carbon. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Zhang X, Song X, Li H, Zhang S, Chen X, Yu X, Wang W. An Organocatalytic Cascade Approach toward Polysubstituted Quinolines and Chiral 1,4-Dihydroquinolines-Unanticipated Effect of N-Protecting Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Zhang X, Song X, Li H, Zhang S, Chen X, Yu X, Wang W. An Organocatalytic Cascade Approach toward Polysubstituted Quinolines and Chiral 1,4-Dihydroquinolines-Unanticipated Effect of N-Protecting Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7282-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Jochmann P, Leich V, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Calcium-Mediated Dearomatization, CH Bond Activation, and Allylation of Alkylated and Benzannulated Pyridine Derivatives. Chemistry 2011; 17:12115-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Total synthesis of 8-oxypseudopalmatine and 8-oxypseudoberberine via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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van Otterlo WAL, de Koning CB. Metathesis in the synthesis of aromatic compounds. Chem Rev 2009; 109:3743-82. [PMID: 19618929 DOI: 10.1021/cr900178p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem A L van Otterlo
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, South Africa.
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18
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Ring-closing metathesis for the synthesis of heteroaromatics: evaluating routes to pyridines and pyridazines. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Donohoe TJ, Fishlock LP, Basutto JA, Bower JF, Procopiou PA, Thompson AL. Synthesis of substituted pyridines and pyridazines via ring closing metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3008-10. [PMID: 19462069 DOI: 10.1039/b904363b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RCM can be used to make aromatic heterocycles, namely pyridines and, for the first time, pyridazines; the key step after RCM involves elimination of sulfinate to provide the aromatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK OX1 3TA.
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20
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Yoshida K, Kawagoe F, Hayashi K, Horiuchi S, Imamoto T, Yanagisawa A. Synthesis of 3-hydroxypyridines using ruthenium-catalyzed ring-closing olefin metathesis. Org Lett 2009; 11:515-8. [PMID: 19117401 DOI: 10.1021/ol8023117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New synthetic routes to substituted 3-hydroxypyridines 6 are presented. Ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM)/elimination and RCM/oxidation/deprotection of nitrogen-containing dienes 4 are the key processes of the routes. An application of RCM/oxidation/deprotection to the synthesis of 3-aminopyridine 13f is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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21
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Ito M, Koo L, Himizu A, Kobayashi C, Sakaguchi A, Ikariya T. Hydrogenation of N-Acylcarbamates and N-Acylsulfonamides Catalyzed by a Bifunctional [Cp*Ru(PN)] Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Ito M, Koo L, Himizu A, Kobayashi C, Sakaguchi A, Ikariya T. Hydrogenation of N-Acylcarbamates and N-Acylsulfonamides Catalyzed by a Bifunctional [Cp*Ru(PN)] Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1324-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Yoshida K, Imamoto T, Yanagisawa A. Synthesis of Substituted Aromatic Compounds Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Metathesis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2009. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.67.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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C. Majumdar K, Muhuri S, Ul Islam R, Chattopadhyay B. Synthesis of Five- and Six-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds by the Application of the Metathesis Reactions. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-08-646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Donohoe TJ, Fishlock LP, Procopiou PA. Ring-closing metathesis: novel routes to aromatic heterocycles. Chemistry 2008; 14:5716-26. [PMID: 18381742 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Olefin metathesis has been established as an important and general reaction in synthetic organic chemistry. Recently, it has attracted interest as a powerful tool for the construction of aromatic heterocycles. The importance of heteroaromatic motifs in medicinal chemistry and biology, as well as the efficiency and wealth of metathesis transformations, have resulted in significant success in this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Donohoe
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA UK.
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Donohoe TJ, Fishlock LP, Procopiou PA. A Metathesis-Based Approach to the Synthesis of 2-Pyridones and Pyridines. Org Lett 2007; 10:285-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702684d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa P. Fishlock
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2005. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Sridharan V, Avendaño C, Menéndez JC. CAN-catalyzed three-component reaction between anilines and alkyl vinyl ethers: stereoselective synthesis of 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines and studies on their aromatization. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Donohoe TJ, Orr AJ, Bingham M. Ringschlussmetathese: ein Schlüssel zur Arensynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200503512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Donohoe TJ, Orr AJ, Bingham M. Ring-Closing Metathesis as a Basis for the Construction of Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:2664-70. [PMID: 16548035 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200503512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of metathesis, especially in the context of ring-closing metathesis (RCM) to form five- and six-membered rings, is widespread in organic chemistry today. However, there are surprisingly few examples of the reaction being used to form aromatic compounds. The central place of aromatic compounds in both medicinal chemistry and natural products synthesis, coupled with the efficiency and functional group tolerance of RCM catalysts, means that there is now an interesting opportunity to use RCM for the synthesis of arenes. Although the formation of an aromatic compound was viewed in many early examples as an undesirable degradation product, several rationally designed methods towards the preparation of aromatic compounds by RCM have recently been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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33
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De Matteis V, van Delft FL, Tiebes J, Rutjes FPJT. A Ring-Closing Metathesis Pathway to Fluorovinyl-Containing Nitrogen Heterocyles. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Trofimov BA, Andriyankova LV, Mal'kina AG, Nikitina LP, Afonin AV, Ushakov IA, Sinegovskaya LM, Vakul'skaya TI. Reaction of Pyridine with Phenylcyanoacetylene: A New Route to Functionalized Polyconjugated 1,4-Dihydropyridine Systems. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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