Novel pathway for the synthesis of arylpropionamide-derived selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) metabolites of andarine and ostarine

Transamidation and Decarbonylation of N-Phthaloyl-Amino Acid Amides Enabled by Palladium-Catalyzed Selective C-N Bond Cleavage

Amides are important functional synthons that have been widely used in the construction of peptides, natural products, and drugs. The C-N bond cleavage provides the direct method for amide conversion. However, amides, especially secondary amides, tend to be chemically inert due to the resonance of the amide bond. Here, we describe an efficient Pd-catalyzed transamidation and decarbonylation of multiamide structure molecules through C-N bond cleavage with excellent chemoselectivity. The transamidation of secondary amides and the decarbonylation of phthalimide provide meaningful tools for the modification of amino acid derivatives. Moreover, further transformations of azidation and C(sp³)-H monoarylation emphasized the potential utility of this selective C-N bond cleavage method.

Computational study of the mechanism of amide bond formation via CS2-releasing 1,3-acyl transfer

A systematic computational study on CS₂-releasing 1,3-acyl transfer was performed for the first time and provided deeper mechanistic insights.

Electrophilic Carboxamidation of Ferrocenes with Isocyanates

Ferrocenes undergo one-step carboxamidation by reaction with isocyanates in CF₃SO₃H solution. The chemistry is most efficient in excess superacid, and it has been accomplished with aryl and aliphatic isocyanates. In conversions with ferrocene carboxylic acids, isocyanates provide imides in good yields. A mechanism for this conversion is suggested involving carbamic acid anhydride formation and subsequent intramolecular reaction at the substituted cyclopentadienyl ring.

Nonclassical Routes for Amide Bond Formation

The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (e.g., with no pre- or in situ activation of a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was mainly done in the field in the last 20 years. Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to substrate classes: catalytic direct formation of amides from carboxylic and amines ( section 2 ); the use of carboxylic acid surrogates ( section 3 ); and the use of amine surrogates ( section 4 ). The ligation strategies (NCL, Staudinger, KAHA, KATs, etc.) that could involve both carboxylic acid and amine surrogates are treated separately in section 5 .

Synthesis and preliminary investigations into novel 1,2,3-triazole-derived androgen receptor antagonists inspired by bicalutamide

A versatile and high yielding synthesis of novel androgen receptor (AR) antagonists is presented. Using this methodology, six 1,4-substituted-1,2,3-triazole derived bicalutamide mimics were synthesised in five steps and in isolated overall yields from 41% to 85%. Evaluation of these compounds for their anti-proliferative properties against androgen dependent (LNCaP) and independent (PC-3) cells showed promising IC50 values of 34-45 μM and 29-151 μM, respectively. The data suggest that the latter compounds may be an excellent starting point for the development of prostate cancer therapeutics for both androgen dependent and independent forms of this disease. Docking of these compounds (each enantiomer) in silico into the T877A mutated androgen receptor, as possessed by LNCaP cells, was also undertaken.