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Zhang Q, He C, Pang S. Synthesis of heterocyclic (triazole, furoxan, furazan) fused pyridazine di- N-oxides via hypervalent iodine oxidation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Use of a mild PIDA oxidation strategy to access heterocyclic (triazole, furoxan, furazan) fused pyridazine di-N-oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunlin He
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Shem-Tov D, Petrutik N, Wurzenberger MHH, Meincke M, Flaxer E, Tumanskii B, Zhang L, Dobrovetsky R, Fleischer S, Klapötke TM, Stierstorfer J. Low-Power Laser Ignition of an Antenna-Type Secondary Energetic Copper Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, Evaluation, and Ignition Mechanism Studies. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:10909-10922. [PMID: 34292708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, development of new energetic compounds and formulations, suitable for ignition with relatively low-power lasers, is a highly active and competitive field of research. The main goal of these efforts is focused on achieving and providing much safer solutions for various detonator and initiator systems. In this work, we prepared, characterized, and studied thermal and ignition properties of a new laser-ignitable compound, based on the 5,6-bis(ethylnitroamino)-N'2,N'3-dihydroxypyrazine-2,3-bis(carboximidamide) (DS3) proligand. This new energetic proligand was prepared in three steps, starting with 5,6-bis(ethylamino)-pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Crystallography studies of the DS3-derived Cu(II) complex (DS4) revealed a unique stacked antenna-type structure of the latter compound. DS4 has an exothermal temperature of 154.5 °C and was calculated to exhibit a velocity of detonation of 6.36 km·s-1 and a detonation pressure of 15.21 GPa. DS4 showed properties of a secondary explosive, having sensitivity to impact, friction, and electrostatic discharge of 8 J, 360 N, and 12 mJ, respectively. In order to study the mechanism of ignition by a laser (using a diode laser, 915 nm), we conducted a set of experiments that enabled us to characterize a photothermal ignition mechanism. Furthermore, we found that a single pulse, with a time duration of 1 ms and with a total energy of 4.6 mJ, was sufficient for achieving a consistent and full ignition of DS4. Dual-pulse experiments, with variable time intervals between the laser pulses, showed that DS4 undergoes ignition via a photothermal mechanism. Finally, calculating the chemical mechanism of the formation of the complex DS4 and modeling its anhydrous and hydrated crystal structures (density functional theory calculations using Gaussian and HASEM software) allowed us to pinpoint a more precise location of water molecules in experimental crystallographic data. These results suggest that DS4 has potential for further development to a higher technology readiness level and for integration into small-size safe detonator systems as for many civil, aerospace, and defense applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shem-Tov
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Natan Petrutik
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Chemistry Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne 81800, Israel
| | | | - Melanie Meincke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, München 81377, Germany
| | - Eli Flaxer
- Afeka, Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering, 218 Bney Efrayim Road, Tel-Aviv 69107, Israel
| | - Boris Tumanskii
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Lei Zhang
- CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation, Beijing 100088, China.,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Roman Dobrovetsky
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Sharly Fleischer
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, München 81377, Germany
| | - Jörg Stierstorfer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, München 81377, Germany
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Kulikov AS, Epishina MA, Zhilin ES, Shuvaev AD, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Design and synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine 5,6-dioxides as novel NO-donors. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Makhova NN, Belen’kii LI, Gazieva GA, Dalinger IL, Konstantinova LS, Kuznetsov VV, Kravchenko AN, Krayushkin MM, Rakitin OA, Starosotnikov AM, Fershtat LL, Shevelev SA, Shirinian VZ, Yarovenko VN. Progress in the chemistry of nitrogen-, oxygen- and sulfur-containing heterocyclic systems. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Yi X, Chen K, Chen W, Chen W, Liu M, Wu H. Synthesis of cyclic gem-dinitro compounds via radical nitration of 1,6-diynes with Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4725-4728. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic gem-dinitro compounds were obtained via nitration of 1,6-diynes using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as the nitrating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Wanzhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Miaochang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- China
| | - Huayue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- China
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