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Susilowati S, Mustofa I, Wurlina W, Hernawati T, Oktanella Y, Soeharsono S, Purwanto DA. Green Tea Extract in the Extender Improved the Post-Thawed Semen Quality and Decreased Amino Acid Mutation of Kacang Buck Sperm. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080403. [PMID: 36006318 PMCID: PMC9413626 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was the first to combine the addition of antioxidants to a skim milk–egg yolk (SM–EY) extender and different equilibration periods to obtain higher quality post-thawed Kacang buck semen. This study aimed to determine the effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the quality of frozen Kacang goat sperm equilibrated for one and two hours. The pool of Kacang buck ejaculate was equally divided into four portions and was diluted in an SM–EY extender that contained four doses of 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mg of GTE/100 mL for T0, T1, T2, and T3 groups, respectively. The aliquots were treated for an equilibration period of 1–2 h before further processing as frozen semen. Post-thawed semen quality was evaluated for sperm quality. The Sanger method was used for DNA sequencing, and the amino acid sequence was read using MEGA v.7.0. The post-thawed semen of the T2 group that was equilibrated for one hour had the highest semen quality. Pre-freezing motility had the highest determination coefficient compared to post-thawed sperm motility. This study is the first to report amino acid mutation due to freeze–thawing. The frequency of amino acid mutations revealed that T2 was the least mutated amino acid. Glycine, valine, leucine, serine, and asparagine strongly correlated to post-thawed sperm motility. It can be concluded that a combination of 0.1 mg GTE/100 mL extender as an antioxidant and one-hour equilibration period resulted in the best post-thawed Kacang buck semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suherni Susilowati
- Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (S.S.); (W.W.); (T.H.)
| | - Imam Mustofa
- Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (S.S.); (W.W.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-812-356-1540; Fax: +62-31-599-3015
| | - Wurlina Wurlina
- Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (S.S.); (W.W.); (T.H.)
| | - Tatik Hernawati
- Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (S.S.); (W.W.); (T.H.)
| | - Yudit Oktanella
- Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang City 65145, Indonesia;
| | - Soeharsono Soeharsono
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
| | - Djoko Agus Purwanto
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
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Canine and Feline Epididymal Semen-A Plentiful Source of Gametes. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102961. [PMID: 34679980 PMCID: PMC8532807 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The epididymis is a source of fertile spermatozoa. For some males, preserving spermatozoa that are stored in the epididymis might be an ultimate attempt for gamete preservation. The quality of epididymal semen is different from ejaculated semen in various animal species. Although assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have been introduced in cats as a tool to preserve valuable genetics of endangered wild felids, epididymal semen cryopreservation is still suboptimal in dogs. Therefore, in this paper, we carried out a review to list the morphological changes of spermatozoa during epididymal transit alongside with the potential that holds in the epididymal semen in dogs and cats. We believe that better comprehension of epididymal semen collection method, quality and freezability may aid in optimizing cryopreservation and enhance different applications of ART. Abstract Canine and feline epididymal semen provide an additional source of gametes to preserve the genetics of valuable breeding dogs and tomcats, especially for those that fail to ejaculate, need castration as a therapy or die unexpectedly. Moreover, since it is quite common to perform castration of non-breeding dogs and cats, the development of a gene bank of epididymal semen collected after castration would greatly contribute to increase the genetic diversity in dogs and cats. Collection and cryopreservation of epididymal semen necessitates a full understanding of the function of the epididymis and of the characteristics of epididymal spermatozoa as opposed to ejaculated semen. During collection of epididymal semen, specific factors may have a negative effect on epididymal semen quality and freezability. Accordingly, the elimination of these triggers could enhance epididymal semen freezability and consequently positively influence post-thaw semen quality and outcome for different ARTs.
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Nagashima JB, Songsasen N. Canid Reproductive Biology: Norm and Unique Aspects in Strategies and Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:653. [PMID: 33804569 PMCID: PMC8001368 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive physiology of canids is unique compared to other mammalian species. Specifically, the reproductive cycle of female canids is characterized by extended periods of proestrus and estrus followed by obligatory diestrus and protracted ovarian inactivity (anestrus). Although canid reproduction follows this general pattern, studies have shown variations in reproductive biology among species and geographic regions. Understanding of these differences is critical to the development of assisted reproductive technologies including estrus induction, gamete rescue, and embryo production techniques for canid conservation efforts. This review summarizes current knowledge of canid reproduction, including estrus cyclicity, seasonality, and seminal traits, with the emphasis on species diversity. The application of reproductive technologies in wild canid conservation will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. Nagashima
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Rd., Front Royal, VA 22630, USA;
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Al-Essawe EM, Abraham C, Kunkitti P, Axnér E, de Verdier K, Båge R, Morrell JM. Extenders for alpaca epididymal spermatozoa: Comparison of INRA96 and andromed. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 223:106629. [PMID: 33126045 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Artificial insemination would be a useful technique for alpaca breeders to use as an aid to breeding to increase fleece quality. The technique, however, is not well developed in alpacas, partly because of the viscous nature of their seminal plasma. Castration conducted for husbandry purposes can provide a source of epididymal spermatozoa to test semen extenders or handling regimens, thus circumventing the problem of the viscous ejaculate. In this experiment, two semen extenders (Andromed and INRA96) developed for other species (bovine and equine, respectively) were tested with alpaca spermatozoa derived from the cauda epididymis. Sperm total motility (mean ± SEM A: 29.1 ± 4.8 % compared with I: 35.4 ± 4.8 %; NS), membrane integrity (A: 58 ± 9% compared with I: 56 ± 9%; NS) and acrosome integrity (A: 65 ± 7% compared with I: 54 ± 7%; NS) were not different between the two extenders. Progressive motility with use of INRA96 was greater after incubating for 30 min than after incubating for 10 min (35 ± 4% vs. 12 ± 4%, respectively; P = 0.03). In conclusion, viable epididymal spermatozoa could be extracted from the castrated organs after overnight transport. There were no differences in sperm quality between the two extenders; therefore, it appears that either extender could be used for alpaca spermatozoa. These results could help in the development of a technique for artificial insemination in alpacas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essraa M Al-Essawe
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden; Al-Nahrain University-High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Clinical Reproductive Physiology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Celina Abraham
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Panisara Kunkitti
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Theriogenology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Eva Axnér
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Renée Båge
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden.
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Chen T, Tian L, Bai G, Ma G, Tang R, Liu J, Pang Q, Wang X, Lu J. Clinical Correlation of Prostatic Calculi With Semen Parameters in Adult Men With Fertility Intention. Am J Mens Health 2020; 13:1557988319852018. [PMID: 31106684 PMCID: PMC6537264 DOI: 10.1177/1557988319852018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlation of prostatic calculi (PC) with semen parameters in men with fertility intention, this retrospective case-control study enrolled 1,303 participants ranging from 20 to 59 years old; 725 were diagnosed with PC using abdominal ultrasonography. Patients with PC were classified into the type A calculi group (discrete and small echoes) and type B calculi group (coarse and large masses of multiple echoes). Five hundred and seventy-eight men without PC were recruited for the control group. The clinical data of each group were collected and analyzed. The total motility was significantly lower for subjects with type B calculi (41.84% ± 17.50%) than for subjects in the type A calculi (51.78% ± 20.84%; p < .001) and control (54.47% ± 20.74%; p < .001) groups. The percentage of progressively motile was significantly lower for the type B calculi (31.66% ± 14.68%) group than the type A calculi (40.17% ± 17.09%; p < .001) and control (41.83% ± 17.05%; p < .001) groups. The results of the hypo-osmotic swelling test yielded significantly lower percentages in the type B calculi group (59.88% ± 17.13%) than the type A calculi (65.28 ± 14.43%; p = .005) and control (66.92 ± 16.12%; p < .001) groups. The type B calculi group had a significantly higher percentage of round cell concentration than control (4.5% vs. 1.0%; p = .007) did. Small and discrete PC may not influence semen quality among adult men with fertility intention, but larger and coarser PC are associated with decreased sperm motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,2 Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Tian
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Gang Bai
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Gang Ma
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Rong Tang
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jiaolong Liu
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qingyang Pang
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xianlong Wang
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jiaju Lu
- 1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,4 Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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Chłopik A, Wysokińska A. Canine spermatozoa-What do we know about their morphology and physiology? An overview. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 55:113-126. [PMID: 31782838 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Spermatozoa are unique cells because of their morphological and physiological characteristics. They are produced during the process called spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis consists of three phases: spermatocytogenesis, spermiogenesis and spermiation, during which spermatozoa undergo several changes. Spermatogenesis takes place within the seminiferous tubules containing two types of cells-the germ cells and the Sertoli cells-that alongside the Leydig cells, which play an important role when it comes to normal fertility. Everything is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and specific hormones due to multi-hormonal feedback systems. Spermatozoa possess morphological and physiological features, which are sometimes completely different from what is observed in various somatic cells. What is more, canine spermatozoa have specific characteristics making them special compared to the spermatozoa of other mammalian species. The metabolic energy production, which is crucial for the appropriate functioning of spermatozoa, can be fuelled by different metabolic pathways utilizing different chemical substrates. Inseparable from the oxidative phosphorylation process is the production of reactive oxygen species, which are both essential and toxic to spermatozoa. Furthermore, epididymis is a very important structure, responsible for the transport and maturation of spermatozoa, which are then stored in the last segment of epididymis-the epididymal cauda. Moreover, the retrieval of spermatozoa from the epididymides is crucial for the development of assisted reproduction techniques and sperm cryopreservation methods. The information gained from the research on domestic dogs might be transferred to their wild relatives, especially those species categorized as endangered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Chłopik
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Hygiene, Faculty of Life Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Anna Wysokińska
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Hygiene, Faculty of Life Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
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Luvoni GC, Morselli MG. Canine epididymal spermatozoa: A hidden treasure with great potential. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:197-201. [PMID: 27757988 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hidden treasure represented by epididymal spermatozoa has great potential in the current reproductive technologies in dogs. In case of azoospermia or when a donor male accidentally dies or undergoes orchiectomy, the retrieval of epididymal spermatozoa opens new possibilities to generate progeny. Spermatozoa can be collected by different techniques from ex vivo or in vivo testicles and can be cryopreserved for a future use. Freeze tolerance of canine epididymal spermatozoa seems lower than that of ejaculated spermatozoa; however, puppies were born after artificial insemination with frozen epididymal semen, other than with fresh and chilled. Even though several aspects need to be further investigated, advances have been recently made in the use of epididymal spermatozoa in assisted reproduction in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Milan, Italy
| | - M G Morselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Milan, Italy
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Batista M, Vilar J, Rosario I, Terradas E. Influence of different anaesthetic protocols over the sperm quality on the fresh, chilled (4°C) and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm samples in domestic dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:758-65. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Batista
- Unit of Reproduction; Universitary Institute of Biomedical Research and Health; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Arucas Las Palmas Spain
| | - J Vilar
- Unit of Reproduction; Universitary Institute of Biomedical Research and Health; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Arucas Las Palmas Spain
| | - I Rosario
- Unit of Reproduction; Universitary Institute of Biomedical Research and Health; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Arucas Las Palmas Spain
| | - E Terradas
- Unit of Reproduction; Universitary Institute of Biomedical Research and Health; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Arucas Las Palmas Spain
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