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Ji Y, Qin Y, Tan Q, Qiu Y, Han S, Qi X. Development of a chemiluminescence assay for tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex and its applicability to gastric cancer. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:30. [PMID: 38720310 PMCID: PMC11080135 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE), is a noteworthy complication in individuals with gastric cancer, but the current diagnosis and treatment methods lack accuracy. In this study, we developed a t-PAIC chemiluminescence kit and employed chemiluminescence to detect the tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (t-PAIC), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) and thrombomodulin (TM), combined with D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP), to investigate their diagnostic potential for venous thrombosis in gastric cancer patients. The study assessed variations in six indicators among gastric cancer patients at different stages. RESULTS The t-PAIC reagent showed LOD is 1.2 ng/mL and a linear factor R greater than 0.99. The reagents demonstrated accurate results, with all accuracy deviations being within 5%. The intra-batch and inter-batch CVs for the t-PAIC reagent were both within 8%. The correlation coefficient R between this method and Sysmex was 0.979. Gastric cancer patients exhibited elevated levels of TAT, PIC, TM, D-D, FDP compared to the healthy population, while no significant difference was observed in t-PAIC. In the staging of gastric cancer, patients in III-IV stages exhibit higher levels of the six markers compared to those in I-II stages. The ROC curve indicates an enhancement in sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis of four or six indicators. CONCLUSION Our chemiluminescence assay performs comparably to Sysmex's method and at a reduced cost. The use of multiple markers, including t-PAIC, TM, TAT, PIC, D-D, and FDP, is superior to the use of single markers for diagnosing VTE in patients with malignant tumors. Gastric cancer patients should be screened for the six markers to facilitate proactive prophylaxis, determine the most appropriate treatment timing, ameliorate their prognosis, decrease the occurrence of venous thrombosis and mortality, and extend their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ji
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No.1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No.1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No.1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanru Qiu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No.1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No.1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Zeng S, Liu Z, Yin J, Li S, Jiang M, Yang H, Long Y. Improvement in Clinical Features of L-NAME-Induced Preeclampsia-like Rats through Reduced SERPINA5 Expression. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1792. [PMID: 38136662 PMCID: PMC10742323 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy disorder that poses a significant health risk to both mother and fetus, with no preventive or therapeutic measures. Our previous research suggested an association between elevated SERPINA5 levels and PE features. This study investigated whether SERPINA5 could be a potential therapeutic target for PE. We established PE-like features in pregnant rats using L-NAME (75 mg/kg/d) treatment. Adenoviruses carrying overexpressed or suppressed SERPINA5 genes were intravenously injected into these PE rats on the fifth and seventh days of pregnancy. We evaluated the rats' systolic blood pressure, urine protein concentration, and placental and fetal metrics and histology. Placental gene expression following SERPINA5 overexpression was evaluated using mRNA sequencing. The L-NAME-induced PE rat model observed a significant increase in placental and peripheral SERPINA5 levels. The overexpression of SERPINA5 exacerbated L-NAME-induced hypertension and proteinuria in pregnant rats. A histology examination revealed a smaller placental junctional zone in L-NAME + overexpressing rats. Placental gene expression analysis in the L-NAME + overexpressing group indicated increased coagulation activation. L-NAME-induced hypertension and proteinuria were mitigated when SERPINA5 expression was suppressed. Additionally, placental development was improved in the SERPINA5-suppressed group. Our findings suggested that SERPINA5 may worsen L-NAME-induced PE-like features by promoting the activation of the coagulation cascade. Therefore, reducing SERPINA5 expression could potentially serve as a therapeutic strategy for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Long
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China; (S.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (M.J.); (H.Y.)
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3
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Hiramoto K, Akita N, Nishioka J, Suzuki K. Edoxaban, a Factor Xa-Specific Direct Oral Anticoagulant, Significantly Suppresses Tumor Growth in Colorectal Cancer Colon26-Inoculated BALB/c Mice. TH OPEN : COMPANION JOURNAL TO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 2023; 7:e1-e13. [PMID: 36751299 PMCID: PMC9825203 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Certain low-molecular-weight heparins have been reported to reduce tumor growth and metastasis in tumor cell-inoculated mouse models and cancer patients. Recently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been widely used in patients with thromboembolism. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of DOACs, which target thrombin or factor Xa, on tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model comprising BALB/c mice inoculated with colon cancer Colon26 cells. Materials and Methods DOACs targeting thrombin (dabigatran etexilate [DABE]) or factor Xa (rivaroxaban [RVX] and edoxaban [EDX]) were orally administered daily to male BALB/c mice inoculated with Colon26 cells, followed by analyses of tumor growth and plasma levels of coagulation- and tumor-related factors such as tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Results Colon26 cells expressed significant amounts of functionally active TF. Tumor growth in Colon26-inoculated mice was significantly suppressed in DABE- or RVX-treated mice ( p <0.05) and was suppressed more significantly in EDX-treated mice ( p <0.01). Therefore, the antitumor mechanism of action of EDX was investigated next. Plasma levels of TF, PAI-1, IL-6, and MMP-2 were elevated in Colon26-inoculated mice but were significantly reduced in EDX-treated mice ( p <0.01). The expression of protease-activated receptor (PAR)1, PAR2, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), cyclin D1, and Ki67 was increased in tumor tissue of Colon26-inoculated mice but (except for PAR1) was significantly decreased in tumor tissues of EDX-treated mice ( p <0.01). In addition, apoptotic cells and p53 protein levels were significantly increased in tumor tissues of EDX-treated mice. Conclusion The data suggest that among the tested DOACs, EDX significantly suppresses tumor cell proliferation via the factor Xa-PAR2 pathway, which is activated by coagulation and inflammation in Colon26-inoculated mice and induces tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-city, Mie, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Akita
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-city, Mie, Japan
| | - Junji Nishioka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-city, Mie, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-city, Mie, Japan,Address for correspondence Koji Suzuki, PhD Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science.Minamitamagaki-cho 3500-3, Suzuka-city, Mie 513-8670Japan
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4
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Guo H, Xue W, Zhao Q, Zhao H, Hu Z, Zhang X, Duan G. Correlation and significance of COX-2, Ki67, VEGF and other immune indexes with the growth of malignant pulmonary nodules. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:290. [DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-02039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
This study intends to explore the factors affecting the growth of pulmonary nodules in the natural process by immunohistochemical method.
Methods
40 cases of pulmonary nodules followed up for more than 3 years were divided into growth group (n = 20) and stable group (n = 20). The expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD44V6, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), double microsome 2 (MDM2) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in pulmonary nodules were detected by immunohistochemical method so as to explore the relationship between it and the growth of pulmonary nodules.
Results
Compared with stable pulmonary nodules, the positive rates of COX-2, Ki67 and VEGF in the growth group were 85%, 80% and 55%, respectively. There was significant difference between the stable group and the growth group (P < 0.05). The correlation between other indexes and the growth of pulmonary nodules was not statistically significant (Pcd44v6 = 0.104;PEGFR = 0.337; PMDM2 = 0.49; PTGF-β1 = 0.141). In the subgroup of patients with non-invasive lung cancer, there was a correlation between VEGF and the growth of pulmonary nodules (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The high expression of COX-2, Ki67 and VEGF proteins may be significantly related to the growth of pulmonary nodules, and VEGF may be an important factor affecting the growth of malignant pulmonary nodules. This study intends to provide a research direction for further searching for the essential causes of the growth of pulmonary nodules.
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Fan M, Xiong X, Han L, Zhang L, Gao S, Liu L, Wang X, Huang C, Tong D, Yang J, Zhao L, Shao Y. SERPINA5 promotes tumour cell proliferation by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in gastric cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4837-4846. [PMID: 36000536 PMCID: PMC9465189 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SERPINA5 belongs to the serine protease inhibitor superfamily and has been reported to be lowly expressed in a variety of malignancies. However, few report of SERPINA5 in gastric cancer has been found. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of SERPINA5 in GC and to investigate potential tumorigenic mechanisms. We performed qPCR to determine the level of SERPINA5 expression in GC. We used public databases to evaluate whether SERPINA5 could be utilized to predict overall survival and disease‐free survival in GC patients. We also knocked down the expression of SERPINA5 and evaluated its effect on cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we explored the signal pathways and regulatory mechanisms related to SERPINA5 functions. According to our findings, SERPINA5 was shown to exhibit high expression in GC. Notably, SERPINA5 was prognostic in GC with high expression being unfavourable. SERPINA5 was further observed to promote GC tumorigenesis by modulating GC cell proliferation ability. Mechanically, SERPINA5 could inhibit CBL to regulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, thereby promoting GC carcinogenesis progression. These results highlight the important role of SERPINA5 in GC cell proliferation and suggest that SERPINA5 could be a novel target for GC treatment and a predictor for GC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofan Xiong
- Department of Tumor and Immunology in precision medicine institute, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shanfeng Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Liying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongdong Tong
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Amada E, Fukuda K, Kumagai K, Kawakubo H, Kitagawa Y. Soluble recombinant human thrombomodulin suppresses inflammation-induced gastrointestinal tumor growth in a murine peritonitis model. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:195-203. [PMID: 32767229 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) are believed to play key roles in both postoperative pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of malignancies. Recombinant human thrombomodulin (rTM) is implied to inhibit the interaction between TGF-β and Tregs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antitumor effects of rTM against gastrointestinal tumors under systemic inflammation. Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture and percutaneous allogeneic tumor implantation. rTM were introduced by percutaneous injection into the abdominal cavity. The effects of rTM were evaluated by weight of implanted tumor, proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and temporal evaluation of serum cytokines. The effect of rTM was also evaluated on the in vitro differentiation of naïve T cells into induced Tregs induced by TGF-β and interleukin (IL) -2. rTM significantly inhibited the proliferation of the implanted tumor cells in an inflammation-dependent manner. rTM also reduced the fractions of regulatory T cells and induced regulatory T cells among both PBL and TIL. Temporal evaluation of serum cytokine levels in the model mice showed that rTM significantly suppressed the increases in the serum levels of IL-2 and TGF-β. An in vitro differentiation assay revealed that rTM inhibited the differentiation of naïve T cells into Tregs triggered by IL-2- and TGF-β. rTM has suppressive effects on inflammation-induced gastrointestinal tumor growth by suggestively affecting differentiation of Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Amada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koshi Kumagai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Liang Y, Li J, Li Q, Tang L, Chen L, Mao Y, He Q, Yang X, Lei Y, Hong X, Zhao Y, He S, Guo Y, Wang Y, Zhang P, Liu N, Li Y, Ma J. Plasma protein-based signature predicts distant metastasis and induction chemotherapy benefit in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9767-9778. [PMID: 32863958 PMCID: PMC7449924 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Currently, for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC), there is no effective blood-based method to predict distant metastasis. We aimed to detect plasma protein profiles to identify biomarkers that could distinguish patients with NPC who are at high risk of posttreatment distant metastasis. Methods: A high-throughput antibody array was initially applied to detect 1000 proteins in pretreatment plasma from 16 matched LA-NPC patients with or without distant metastasis after radical treatment. Differentially expressed proteins were further examined using a low-throughput array to construct a plasma protein-based signature for distant metastasis (PSDM) in a cohort of 226 patients. Results: Fifty circulating proteins were differentially expressed between metastatic and non-metastatic patients and 18 were proven to be strongly correlated with distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in NPC. A PSDM signature consisting of five proteins (SLAMF5, ESM-1, MMP-8, INSR, and Serpin A5) was established to assign patients with NPC into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Patients in the high-risk group had shorter DMFS (P < 0.001), disease-free survival (DFS) (P < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001). Moreover, the PSDM performed better than N stage and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load at effectively identifying patients with NPC at high risk of metastasis. For patients in the high-risk group, induction chemotherapy significantly improved DMFS, DFS, and OS. Conclusions: The PSDM could be a useful liquid biopsy tool to effectively predict distant metastasis and the benefit of induction chemotherapy in patients with LA-NPC.
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Lafontaine GMF, Fish NM, Connerton IF. In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Commercial Prebiotic GOS and FOS Products on Human Colonic Caco-2 Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051281. [PMID: 32366023 PMCID: PMC7282019 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotic oligosaccharides are widely used as human and animal feed additives for their beneficial effects on the gut microbiota. However, there are limited data to assess the direct effect of such functional foods on the transcriptome of intestinal epithelial cells. The purpose of this study is to describe the differential transcriptomes and cellular pathways of colonic cells directly exposed to galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). We have examined the differential gene expression of polarized Caco–2 cells treated with GOS or FOS products and their respective mock-treated cells using mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 89 significant differentially expressed genes were identified between GOS and mock-treated groups. For FOS treatment, a reduced number of 12 significant genes were observed to be differentially expressed relative to the control group. KEGG and gene ontology functional analysis revealed that genes up-regulated in the presence of GOS were involved in digestion and absorption processes, fatty acids and steroids metabolism, potential antimicrobial proteins, energy-dependent and -independent transmembrane trafficking of solutes and amino acids. Using our data, we have established complementary non-prebiotic modes of action for these frequently used dietary fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Neville M. Fish
- Saputo Dairy UK, Innovation Centre, Harper Adams University, Newport TF10 8NB, UK;
| | - Ian F. Connerton
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK;
- Correspondence:
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9
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Furuya H, Hayashi K, Shimizu Y, Kim N, Tsukikawa Y, Chen R, Sun Y, Chan OTM, Pagano I, Peres R, Hokutan K, Igari F, Chan KS, Rosser CJ. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) overexpression supports bladder cancer development in PAI-1 knockout mice in N-butyl-N- (4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine- induced bladder cancer mouse model. J Transl Med 2020; 18:57. [PMID: 32024545 PMCID: PMC7003426 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an important role in bladder tumorigenesis by regulating cell cycle. However, it remains unclear whether and how inhibition of PAI-1 suppresses bladder tumorigenesis. METHODS To elucidate the therapeutic effect of PAI-1 inhibition, we tested its tumorigenicity in PAI-1 knockout (KO) mice exposed to a known bladder carcinogen. RESULTS PAI-1 deficiency did not inhibit carcinogen-induced bladder cancer in mice although carcinogen-exposed wild type mice significantly increased PAI-1 levels in bladder tissue, plasma and urine. We found that PAI-1 KO mice exposed to carcinogen tended to upregulate protein C inhibitor (PAI-3), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and tissue-type PA (tPA), and significantly increased PAI-2, suggesting a potential compensatory function of these molecules when PAI-1 is abrogated. Subsequent studies employing gene expression microarray using mouse bladder tissues followed by post hoc bioinformatics analysis and validation experiments by qPCR and IHC demonstrated that SERPING1 is further downregulated in PAI-1 KO mice exposed to BBN, suggesting that SERPING1 as a potential missing factor that regulate PAI-2 overexpression (compensation pathway). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that serpin compensation pathway, specifically PAI-2 overexpression in this model, supports bladder cancer development when oncoprotein PAI-1 is deleted. Further investigations into PAI-1 are necessary in order to identify true potential targets for bladder cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Furuya
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Davis Research Building, 110 N. George Burns Road, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Kazukuni Hayashi
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Yoshiko Shimizu
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Nari Kim
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Yutaro Tsukikawa
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Runpu Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Yijun Sun
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Owen T M Chan
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Ian Pagano
- Cancer Prevention in Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Rafael Peres
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Kanani Hokutan
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Fumie Igari
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Davis Research Building, 110 N. George Burns Road, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Keith S Chan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Charles J Rosser
- Clinical & Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Davis Research Building, 110 N. George Burns Road, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
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10
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Zhou K, Zhang J, Zheng ZR, Zhou YZ, Zhou X, Wang LD, Suo B, Jiang XF, Liu PJ, Wang DH. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC in Malignant Tumor Patients With Venous Thrombosis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 26:1076029620971041. [PMID: 33141604 PMCID: PMC7649926 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620971041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important complication in patients with malignant tumors. Its exact diagnosis and treatment are still lacking. We used a high-sensitive chemiluminescence method to detect thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), plasmin-α2-plasmininhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex(t-PAIC) in combination with D-dimer and fibrin degradation product (FDP) to analyze their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with malignant tumors. METHODS In total, 870 patients with confirmed malignant tumors were included, 82 of whom had diagnosed VTE; 200 healthy individuals were classified as the control group. The TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC were detected using Sysmex HISCL5000 automated analyzers, whereas FDP and D-dimer were detected using Sysmex CS5100 coagulation analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency. Survival probabilities were determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox regression model. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with malignant tumors showed significantly elevated TAT, PIC, TM, t-PAIC, D-dimer, and FDP. Similarly, compared with patients in the non-thrombosis group, those in the thrombosis group showed significantly elevated levels of the above mentioned markers. Logistic regression analysis showed that TAT, PIC, TM, t-PAIC, D-Dimer, and FDP were all associated with VTE. ROC analysis showed that "TAT+PIC+TM+t-PAIC+D-dimer+FDP"showed the highest sensitivity and specificity. Patients with elevated TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC had a significantly shorter survival. Multivariate Cox survival analysis showed that TM and t-PAIC were significantly associated with poor prognosis. In addition, the incidence of VTE was significantly lower in patients with malignant tumors who were treated with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and their survival period was significantly longer than that of patients with malignant tumors who were not treated with LMWH. CONCLUSION TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC combined with D-dimer and FDP were better than the application of a single marker in the diagnosis of VTE in patients with malignant tumors. TAT and PIC can be used as sensitive markers in the diagnosis of VTE but not as prognostic markers. TM and t-PAIC might be independent prognostic indicators in patients with malignant tumors, regardless of the state of thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
- Kun Zhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, 235 Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150088, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Rehabilitation Department, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zun-Rong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Da Wang
- Department of Medical Record, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Suo
- Department of Medical Record, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Jiang
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Jia Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
- Dong-Hua Wang, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, 235 Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150088, People’s Republic of China.
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Vilander LM, Kaunisto MA, Vaara ST, Pettilä V. Genetic variants in SERPINA4 and SERPINA5, but not BCL2 and SIK3 are associated with acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with septic shock. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2017; 21:47. [PMID: 28270177 PMCID: PMC5341446 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a multifactorial syndrome, but knowledge about its pathophysiology and possible genetic background is limited. Recently the first hypothesis-free genetic association studies have been published to explore individual susceptibility to AKI. We aimed to replicate the previously identified associations between five candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in apoptosis-related genes BCL2, SERPINA4, SERPINA5, and SIK3 and the development of AKI, using a prospective cohort of critically ill patients with sepsis/septic shock, in Finland. Methods This is a prospective, observational multicenter study. Of 2567 patients without chronic kidney disease and with genetic samples included in the Finnish Acute Kidney Injury (FINNAKI) study, 837 patients had sepsis and 627 patients had septic shock. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, considering stages 2 and 3 affected (severe AKI), stage 0 unaffected, and stage 1 indecisive. Genotyping was done using iPLEXTM Assay (Agena Bioscience). The genotyped SNPs were rs8094315 and rs12457893 in the intron of the BCL2 gene, rs2093266 in the SERPINA4 gene, rs1955656 in the SERPINA5 gene and rs625145 in the SIK3 gene. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression with PLINK software. Results We found no significant associations between the SNPs and severe AKI in patients with sepsis/septic shock, even after adjustment for confounders. Among patients with septic shock (252 with severe AKI and 226 without AKI (149 with KDIGO stage 1 excluded)), the SNPs rs2093266 and rs1955656 were significantly (odds ratio 0.63, p = 0.04276) associated with stage 2–3 AKI after adjusting for clinical and demographic variables. Conclusions The SNPs rs2093266 in the SERPINA4 and rs1955656 in the SERPINA5 were associated with the development of severe AKI (KDIGO stage 2–3) in critically ill patients with septic shock. For the other SNPs, we did not confirm the previously reported associations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1631-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Vilander
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mari A Kaunisto
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi T Vaara
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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