1
|
Quezada M, Ponce C, Berríos‐Cárcamo P, Santapau D, Gallardo J, De Gregorio C, Quintanilla ME, Morales P, Ezquer M, Herrera‐Marschitz M, Israel Y, Andrés‐Herrera P, Hipólito L, Ezquer F. Amelioration of morphine withdrawal syndrome by systemic and intranasal administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretome in preclinical models of morphine dependence. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14517. [PMID: 37927136 PMCID: PMC11017443 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphine is an opiate commonly used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. However, prolonged administration can lead to physical dependence and strong withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of morphine use. These symptoms can include anxiety, irritability, increased heart rate, and muscle cramps, which strongly promote morphine use relapse. The morphine-induced increases in neuroinflammation, brain oxidative stress, and alteration of glutamate levels in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens have been associated with morphine dependence and a higher severity of withdrawal symptoms. Due to its rich content in potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant factors, secretome derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is proposed as a preclinical therapeutic tool for the treatment of this complex neurological condition associated with neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress. METHODS Two animal models of morphine dependence were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hMSC-derived secretome in reducing morphine withdrawal signs. In the first model, rats were implanted subcutaneously with mini-pumps which released morphine at a concentration of 10 mg/kg/day for seven days. Three days after pump implantation, animals were treated with a simultaneous intravenous and intranasal administration of hMSC-derived secretome or vehicle, and withdrawal signs were precipitated on day seven by i.p. naloxone administration. In this model, brain alterations associated with withdrawal were also analyzed before withdrawal precipitation. In the second animal model, rats voluntarily consuming morphine for three weeks were intravenously and intranasally treated with hMSC-derived secretome or vehicle, and withdrawal signs were induced by morphine deprivation. RESULTS In both animal models secretome administration induced a significant reduction of withdrawal signs, as shown by a reduction in a combined withdrawal score. Secretome administration also promoted a reduction in morphine-induced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, while no changes were observed in extracellular glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens. CONCLUSION Data presented from two animal models of morphine dependence suggest that administration of secretome derived from hMSCs reduces the development of opioid withdrawal signs, which correlates with a reduction in neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Quezada
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Carolina Ponce
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Pablo Berríos‐Cárcamo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Daniela Santapau
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Javiera Gallardo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Cristian De Gregorio
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - María Elena Quintanilla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Paola Morales
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Mario Herrera‐Marschitz
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Yedy Israel
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Paula Andrés‐Herrera
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and ParasitologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
- University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED)University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Lucia Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and ParasitologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
- University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED)University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Fernando Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of MedicineClínica Alemana‐Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
- Research Center for the Development of Novel Therapeutic Alternatives for Alcohol Use DisordersSantiagoChile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Costa AR, Tavares I, Martins I. How do opioids control pain circuits in the brainstem during opioid-induced disorders and in chronic pain? Implications for the treatment of chronic pain. Pain 2024; 165:324-336. [PMID: 37578500 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Brainstem areas involved in descending pain modulation are crucial for the analgesic actions of opioids. However, the role of opioids in these areas during tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), and in chronic pain settings remains underappreciated. We conducted a revision of the recent studies performed in the main brainstem areas devoted to descending pain modulation with a special focus on the medullary dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt), as a distinctive pain facilitatory area and a key player in the diffuse noxious inhibitory control paradigm. We show that maladaptive processes within the signaling of the µ-opioid receptor (MOR), which entail desensitization and a switch to excitatory signaling, occur in the brainstem, contributing to tolerance and OIH. In the context of chronic pain, the alterations found are complex and depend on the area and model of chronic pain. For example, the downregulation of MOR and δ-opioid receptor (DOR) in some areas, including the DRt, during neuropathic pain likely contributes to the inefficacy of opioids. However, the upregulation of MOR and DOR, at the rostral ventromedial medulla, in inflammatory pain models, suggests therapeutic avenues to explore. Mechanistically, the rationale for the diversity and complexity of alterations in the brainstem is likely provided by the alternative splicing of opioid receptors and the heteromerization of MOR. In conclusion, this review emphasizes how important it is to consider the effects of opioids at these circuits when using opioids for the treatment of chronic pain and for the development of safer and effective opioids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Costa
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Isaura Tavares
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Isabel Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Q, Li Z, Nie D, Mu X, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Lu Z. Low-frequency electroacupuncture exerts antinociceptive effects through activation of POMC neural circuit induced endorphinergic input to the periaqueductal gray from the arcuate nucleus. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069241254201. [PMID: 38670551 PMCID: PMC11102703 DOI: 10.1177/17448069241254201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been widely recognized that electroacupuncture (EA) inducing the release of β-endorphin represents a crucial mechanism of EA analgesia. The arcuate nucleus (ARC) in the hypothalamus is a vital component of the endogenous opioid peptide system. Serving as an integration center, the periaqueductal gray (PAG) receives neural fiber projections from the frontal cortex, insular cortex, and ARC. However, the specific mechanisms how EA facilitates the release of β-endorphin within the ARC, eliciting analgesic effects are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments by transcriptomics, microdialysis, photogenetics, chemical genetics, and calcium imaging, combined with transgenic animals. Firstly, we detected 2 Hz EA at the Zusanli (ST36) increased the level of β-endorphin and transcriptional level of proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Our transcriptomics profiling demonstrated that 2 Hz EA at the ST36 modulates the expression of c-Fos and Jun B in ARC brain nuclear cluster, and the transcriptional regulation of 2 Hz EA mainly occur in POMC neurons by Immunofluorescence staining verification. Meaning while, 2 Hz EA specifically activated the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in ARC which mediating the c-Fos and Jun B transcription, and 2 Hz EA analgesia is dependent on the activation of cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in ARC. In order to investigate how the β-endorphin produced in ARC transfer to integration center PAG, transneuronal tracing technology was used to observe the 2 Hz EA promoted the neural projection from ARC to PAG compared to 100 Hz EA and sham mice. Inhibited PAGGABA neurons, the transfer of β-endorphin from the ARC nucleus to the PAG nucleus through the ARCPOMC-PAGGABA neural circuit. Furthermore, by manipulating the excitability of POMC neurons from ARCPOMC to PAGGABA using inhibitory chemogenetics and optogenetics, we found that this inhibition significantly reduced transfer of β-endorphin from the ARC nucleus to the PAG nucleus and the effectiveness of 2 Hz EA analgesia in neurological POMC cyclization recombination enzyme (Cre) mice and C57BL/6J mice, which indicates that the transfer of β-endorphin depends on the activation of POMC neurons prefect from ARCPOMC to PAGGABA. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neural circuitry underlying the EA pain-relieving effects and maybe provide valuable insights for optimizing EA stimulation parameters in clinical pain treatment using the in vivo dynamic visual investigating the central analgesic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengyun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinru Mu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchen Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee J, Gonzalez-Hernandez AJ, Kristt M, Abreu N, Roßmann K, Arefin A, Marx DC, Broichhagen J, Levitz J. Distinct beta-arrestin coupling and intracellular trafficking of metabotropic glutamate receptor homo- and heterodimers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi8076. [PMID: 38055809 PMCID: PMC10699790 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are family C, dimeric G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which play critical roles in synaptic transmission. Despite an increasing appreciation of the molecular diversity of this family, how distinct mGluR subtypes are regulated remains poorly understood. We reveal that different group II/III mGluR subtypes show markedly different beta-arrestin (β-arr) coupling and endocytic trafficking. While mGluR2 is resistant to internalization and mGluR3 shows transient β-arr coupling, which enables endocytosis and recycling, mGluR8 and β-arr form stable complexes, which leads to efficient lysosomal targeting and degradation. Using chimeras and mutagenesis, we pinpoint carboxyl-terminal domain regions that control β-arr coupling and trafficking, including the identification of an mGluR8 splice variant with impaired internalization. We then use a battery of high-resolution fluorescence assays to find that heterodimerization further expands the diversity of mGluR regulation. Together, this work provides insight into the relationship between GPCR/β-arr complex formation and trafficking while revealing diversity and intricacy in the regulation of mGluRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Melanie Kristt
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nohely Abreu
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kilian Roßmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anisul Arefin
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dagan C. Marx
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miller RM, Sescil J, Sarcinella MC, Bailey RC, Wang W. Accessible and Generalizable in Vitro Luminescence Assay for Detecting GPCR Activation. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:337-343. [PMID: 37868356 PMCID: PMC10588934 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve critical physiological roles as the most abundant family of receptors. Here, we describe the design of a generalizable and cell lysate-based method that leverages the interaction between an agonist-activated GPCR and a conformation-specific binder to reconstitute split nanoluciferase (NanoLuc) in vitro. This tool, In vitro GPCR split NanoLuc ligand Triggered Reporter (IGNiTR), has broad applications. We have demonstrated IGNiTR's use with three Gs-coupled GPCRs, two Gi-coupled GPCRs and three classes of conformation-specific binders: nanobodies, miniG proteins, and G protein peptidomimetics. As an in vitro method, IGNiTR enables the use of synthetic G protein peptidomimetics and provides easily scalable and portable reagents for characterizing GPCRs and ligands. We tested three diverse applications of IGNiTR: (1) proof-of-concept GPCR ligand screening using dopamine receptor D1 IGNiTR; (2) detection of opioids for point-of-care testing; and (3) characterizing GPCR functionality during Nanodisc-based reconstitution processes. Due to IGNiTR's unique advantages and the convenience of its cell lysate-based format, this tool will find extensive applications in GPCR ligand detection, screening, and GPCR characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby M. Miller
- Life Sciences
Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jennifer Sescil
- Life Sciences
Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Marina C. Sarcinella
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ryan C. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Life Sciences
Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yan J, Liu H, Wu Y, Niu B, Deng X, Zhang L, Dang Q, Wang Y, Lu X, Zhang B, Sun W. Recent progress of self-immobilizing and self-precipitating molecular fluorescent probes for higher-spatial-resolution imaging. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122281. [PMID: 37643487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Flourished in the past two decades, fluorescent probe technology provides researchers with accurate and efficient tools for in situ imaging of biomarkers in living cells and tissues and may play a significant role in clinical diagnosis and treatment such as biomarker detection, fluorescence imaging-guided surgery, and photothermal/photodynamic therapy. In situ imaging of biomarkers depends on the spatial resolution of molecular probes. Nevertheless, the majority of currently available molecular fluorescent probes suffer from the drawback of diffusing from the target region. This leads to a rapid attenuation of the fluorescent signal over time and a reduction in spatial resolution. Consequently, the diffused fluorescent signal cannot accurately reflect the in situ information of the target. Self-immobilizing and self-precipitating molecular fluorescent probes can be used to overcome this problem. These probes ensure that the fluorescent signal remains at the location where the signal is generated for a long time. In this review, we introduce the development history of the two types of probes and classify them in detail according to different design strategies. In addition, we compare their advantages and disadvantages, summarize some representative studies conducted in recent years, and propose prospects for this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yan
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Huanying Liu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yingxu Wu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ben Niu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaojing Deng
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Linhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Qi Dang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cuitavi J, Andrés-Herrera P, Meseguer D, Campos-Jurado Y, Lorente JD, Caruana H, Hipólito L. Focal mu-opioid receptor activation promotes neuroinflammation and microglial activation in the mesocorticolimbic system: Alterations induced by inflammatory pain. Glia 2023; 71:1906-1920. [PMID: 37017183 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia participates in the modulation of pain signaling. The activation of microglia is suggested to play an important role in affective disorders that are related to a dysfunction of the mesocorticolimbic system (MCLS) and are commonly associated with chronic pain. Moreover, there is evidence that mu-opioid receptors (MORs), expressed in the MCLS, are involved in neuroinflammatory events, although the way by which they do it remains to be elucidated. In this study, we propose that MOR pharmacological activation within the MCLS activates and triggers the local release of proinflammatory cytokines and this pattern of activation is impacted by the presence of systemic inflammatory pain. To test this hypothesis, we used in vivo microdialysis coupled with flow cytometry to measure cytokines release in the nucleus accumbens and immunofluorescence of IBA1 in areas of the MCLS on a rat model of inflammatory pain. Interestingly, the treatment with DAMGO, a MOR agonist locally in the nucleus accumbens, triggered the release of the IL1α, IL1β, and IL6 proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, MOR pharmacological activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) modified the levels of IBA1-positive cells in the VTA, prefrontal cortex, the nucleus accumbens and the amygdala in a dose-dependent way, without impacting mechanical nociception. Additionally, MOR blockade in the VTA prevents DAMGO-induced effects. Finally, we observed that systemic inflammatory pain altered the IBA1 immunostaining derived from MOR activation in the MSCLS. Altogether, our results indicate that the microglia-MOR relationship could be pivotal to unravel some inflammatory pain-induced comorbidities related to MCLS dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cuitavi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - Paula Andrés-Herrera
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - David Meseguer
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Yolanda Campos-Jurado
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Jesús D Lorente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Hannah Caruana
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Lucía Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scholz O, Huß E, Otter S, Herebian D, Hamacher A, Levy LM, Hristeva S, Sanz M, Ajani H, Puentes AR, Hoffmann T, Hogeback J, Unger A, Terheyden S, Reina do Fundo M, Dewidar B, Roden M, Lammert E. Protection of pancreatic islets from oxidative cell death by a peripherally-active morphinan with increased drug safety. Mol Metab 2023:101775. [PMID: 37451343 PMCID: PMC10403733 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a commonly used antitussive medication with positive effects in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, since it increases glucose tolerance and protects pancreatic islets from cell death. However, its use as an antidiabetic medication is limited due to its central nervous side effects and potential use as a recreational drug. Therefore, we recently modified DXM chemically to reduce its blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and central side effects. However, our best compound interacted with the cardiac potassium channel hERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene product) and the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). Thus, the goal of this study was to reduce the interaction of our compound with these targets, while maintaining its beneficial properties. METHODS Receptor and channel binding assays were conducted to evaluate the drug safety of our DXM derivative. Pancreatic islets were used to investigate the effect of the compound on insulin secretion and islet cell survival. Via liquor collection from the brain and a behavioral assay, we analyzed the BBB permeability. By performing intraperitoneal and oral glucose tolerance tests as well as pharmacokinetic analyses, the antidiabetic potential and elimination half-life were investigated, respectively. To analyze the islet cell-protective effect, we used fluorescence microscopy as well as flow cytometric analyses. RESULTS Here, we report the design and synthesis of an optimized, orally available BBB-impermeable DXM derivative with lesser binding to hERG and MOR than previous ones. We also show that the new compound substantially enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from mouse and human islets and glucose tolerance in mice as well as protects pancreatic islets from cell death induced by reactive oxygen species and that it amplifies the effects of tirzepatide on GSIS and islet cell viability. CONCLUSIONS We succeeded to design and synthesize a novel morphinan derivative that is BBB-impermeable, glucose-lowering and islet cell-protective and has good drug safety despite its morphinan and imidazole structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Okka Scholz
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Huß
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silke Otter
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Hamacher
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Miguel Sanz
- Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Haresh Ajani
- Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | - Jens Hogeback
- A&M Labor für Analytik und Metabolismusforschung Service GmbH, D-50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - Anke Unger
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Michelle Reina do Fundo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bedair Dewidar
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jia Y, Xu L, Wang L, Yan K, Chen J, Xu P, Di B, Yan F, Hu C. A light-up fluorescence probe for wash-free analysis of Mu-opioid receptor and ligand-binding events. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1261:341220. [PMID: 37147056 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aggravated burden of opioid use disorder spreading worldwide, demands for new forms of opioid receptor agonist/antagonist constitute immense research interest. The Mu-opioid receptor (MOR) is currently in the spotlight on account of its general involvement in opioid-induced antinociception, tolerance and dependence. MOR binding assay, however, is often complicated by difficulty in MOR separation and purification, as well as the tedious procedure in standard biolayer interferometry and surface plasmon resonance measurements. To this end, we present TPE2N as a light-up fluorescent probe for MOR, which exhibits satisfactory performance in both live cells and lysates. TPE2N was elaborately designed based on the synergistic effect of twisted intramolecular charge-transfer and aggregation-induced emission by incorporating a tetraphenylethene unit to emit strong fluorescence in a restrained environment upon binding with MOR through the naloxone pharmacore. The developed assay enabled high-throughput screening of a compound library, and successfully identified three ligands as lead compounds for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lili Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lancheng Wang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Kun Yan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jieru Chen
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bin Di
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Fang Yan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Chi Hu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lambert DG. Opioids and opioid receptors; understanding pharmacological mechanisms as a key to therapeutic advances and mitigation of the misuse crisis. BJA OPEN 2023; 6:100141. [PMID: 37588171 PMCID: PMC10430815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjao.2023.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are a mainstay in acute pain management and produce their effects and side effects (e.g., tolerance, opioid-use disorder and immune suppression) by interaction with opioid receptors. I will discuss opioid pharmacology in some controversial areas of enquiry of anaesthetic relevance. The main opioid target is the µ (mu,MOP) receptor but other members of the opioid receptor family, δ (delta; DOP) and κ (kappa; KOP) opioid receptors also produce analgesic actions. These are naloxone-sensitive. There is important clinical development relating to the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (NOP) receptor, an opioid receptor that is not naloxone-sensitive. Better understanding of the drivers for opioid effects and side effects may facilitate separation of side effects and production of safer drugs. Opioids bind to the receptor orthosteric site to produce their effects and can engage monomer or homo-, heterodimer receptors. Some ligands can drive one intracellular pathway over another. This is the basis of biased agonism (or functional selectivity). Opioid actions at the orthosteric site can be modulated allosterically and positive allosteric modulators that enhance opioid action are in development. As well as targeting ligand-receptor interaction and transduction, modulating receptor expression and hence function is also tractable. There is evidence for epigenetic associations with different types of pain and also substance misuse. As long as the opioid narrative is defined by the 'opioid crisis' the drive to remove them could gather pace. This will deny use where they are effective, and access to morphine for pain relief in low income countries.
Collapse
|
11
|
Varga B, Streicher JM, Majumdar S. Strategies towards safer opioid analgesics-A review of old and upcoming targets. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:975-993. [PMID: 34826881 PMCID: PMC9133275 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids continue to be of use for the treatment of pain. Most clinically used analgesics target the μ opioid receptor whose activation results in adverse effects like respiratory depression, addiction and abuse liability. Various approaches have been used by the field to separate receptor-mediated analgesic actions from adverse effects. These include biased agonism, opioids targeting multiple receptors, allosteric modulators, heteromers and splice variants of the μ receptor. This review will focus on the current status of the field and some upcoming targets of interest that may lead to a safer next generation of analgesics. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Advances in Opioid Pharmacology at the Time of the Opioid Epidemic. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v180.7/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Varga
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M. Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cuitavi J, Torres-Pérez JV, Lorente JD, Campos-Jurado Y, Andrés-Herrera P, Polache A, Agustín-Pavón C, Hipólito L. Crosstalk between Mu-Opioid receptors and neuroinflammation: Consequences for drug addiction and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 145:105011. [PMID: 36565942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mu-Opioid Receptors (MORs) are well-known for participating in analgesia, sedation, drug addiction, and other physiological functions. Although MORs have been related to neuroinflammation their biological mechanism remains unclear. It is suggested that MORs work alongside Toll-Like Receptors to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines during pathological conditions. Some cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, have been postulated to regulate MORs levels by both avoiding MOR recycling and enhancing its production. In addition, Neurokinin-1 Receptor, also affected during neuroinflammation, could be regulating MOR trafficking. Therefore, inflammation in the central nervous system seems to be associated with altered/increased MORs expression, which might regulate harmful processes, such as drug addiction and pain. Here, we provide a critical evaluation on MORs' role during neuroinflammation and its implication for these conditions. Understanding MORs' functioning, their regulation and implications on drug addiction and pain may help elucidate their potential therapeutic use against these pathological conditions and associated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cuitavi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Jose Vicente Torres-Pérez
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Jesús David Lorente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Yolanda Campos-Jurado
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Paula Andrés-Herrera
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ana Polache
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Agustín-Pavón
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Lucía Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paul B, Sribhashyam S, Majumdar S. Opioid signaling and design of analgesics. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 195:153-176. [PMID: 36707153 PMCID: PMC10325139 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Clinical treatment of acute to severe pain relies on the use of opioids. While their potency is significant, there are considerable side effects that can negatively affect patients. Their rise in usage has correlated with the current opioid epidemic in the United States, which has led to more than 70,000 deaths per year (Volkow and Blanco, 2021). Opioid-related drug development aims to make target compounds that show strong potency but with diminished side effects. Research into pharmaceuticals that could act as potential alternatives to current pains medications has relied on mechanistic insights of opioid receptors, a class of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), and biased agonism, a common phenomenon among pharmaceutical compounds where downstream effects can be altered at the same receptor via different agonists. Opioids function typically by binding to an active site on the extracellular portion of opioid receptors. Once activated, the opioid receptor initiates a G-protein signaling pathway and/or the β-arrestin2 pathway. The proposed concept for the development of safe analgesics around mu and kappa opioid receptor subtypes has focused on not recruiting β-arrestin2 (biased agonism) and/or having low efficacy at the receptor (partial agonism). By altering chemical motifs on a common scaffold, chemists can take advantage of biased agonism as well as create compounds with low intrinsic efficacy for the desired treatments. This review will focus on ligands with bias profile, signaling aspects of the receptor and probe into the structural basis of receptor that leads to bias and/or partial agonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Paul
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sashrik Sribhashyam
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Omidian H, Babanejad N, Omidi Y. Opioid epidemic and the urge to discover new treatment options. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2406-2410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Deng M, Zhang Z, Xing M, Liang X, Li Z, Wu J, Jiang S, Weng Y, Guo Q, Zou W. LncRNA MRAK159688 facilitates morphine tolerance by promoting REST-mediated inhibition of mu opioid receptor in rats. Neuropharmacology 2022; 206:108938. [PMID: 34982972 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Morphine tolerance (MT) caused by the long-term use of morphine is a major medical problem. The molecular mechanism of morphine tolerance remains elusive. Here, we established a morphine tolerance model in rats and verified whether the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MRAK159688 is involved in morphine tolerance and its specific molecular mechanism. We show the significant upregulation of MRAK159688 expression in the spinal cord of morphine-tolerant rats. Overexpression of MRAK159688 by a lentivirus reduces the analgesic efficacy of morphine and induces pain behavior. Downregulation of MRAK159688 using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuates the formation of morphine tolerance, partially reverses the development of morphine tolerance and alleviates morphine-induced hyperalgesia. MRAK159688 is located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons, and it colocalizes with repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) in the nucleus. MRAK159688 potentiates the expression and function of REST, thereby inhibiting the expression of mu opioid receptor (MOR) and subsequently inducing morphine tolerance. Moreover, REST overexpression blocks the effects of MRAK159688 siRNA on relieving morphine tolerance. In general, chronic morphine administration-mediated upregulation of MRAK159688 in the spinal cord contributes to morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia by promoting REST-mediated inhibition of MOR. MRAK159688 downregulation may represent a novel RNA-based therapy for morphine tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Manyu Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyiqi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shasha Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yingqi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wangyuan Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Opioid Receptors and Protonation-Coupled Binding of Opioid Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413353. [PMID: 34948150 PMCID: PMC8707250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) part of cell signaling paths of direct interest to treat pain. Pain may associate with inflamed tissue characterized by acidic pH. The potentially low pH at tissue targeted by opioid drugs in pain management could impact drug binding to the opioid receptor, because opioid drugs typically have a protonated amino group that contributes to receptor binding, and the functioning of GPCRs may involve protonation change. In this review, we discuss the relationship between structure, function, and dynamics of opioid receptors from the perspective of the usefulness of computational studies to evaluate protonation-coupled opioid-receptor interactions.
Collapse
|
17
|
Udayakumar P, Udayakumar S. Fentanyl-Induced Respiratory Depression: A Narrative Review on the Possible Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism. Anesth Essays Res 2021; 15:4-7. [PMID: 34667340 PMCID: PMC8462425 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_94_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid-related respiratory depression is a serious clinical problem as it can cause multiple deaths and anoxic brain injury. Genetic variations influence the safety and clinical efficacy of fentanyl. Pharmacogenetic studies help in identifying single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fentanyl causing respiratory depression and aid clinician in personalized pain medicine. This narrative review gives an insight of the common SNPs associated with fentanyl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Udayakumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sri Ramakrishna Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srisruthi Udayakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chakraborty S, DiBerto JF, Faouzi A, Bernhard SM, Gutridge AM, Ramsey S, Zhou Y, Provasi D, Nuthikattu N, Jilakara R, Nelson MNF, Asher WB, Eans SO, Wilson LL, Chintala SM, Filizola M, van Rijn RM, Margolis EB, Roth BL, McLaughlin JP, Che T, Sames D, Javitch JA, Majumdar S. A Novel Mitragynine Analog with Low-Efficacy Mu Opioid Receptor Agonism Displays Antinociception with Attenuated Adverse Effects. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13873-13892. [PMID: 34505767 PMCID: PMC8530377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (7OH) are the major alkaloids mediating the biological actions of the psychoactive plant kratom. To investigate the structure-activity relationships of mitragynine/7OH templates, we diversified the aromatic ring of the indole at the C9, C10, and C12 positions and investigated their G-protein and arrestin signaling mediated by mu opioid receptors (MOR). Three synthesized lead C9 analogs replacing the 9-OCH3 group with phenyl (4), methyl (5), or 3'-furanyl [6 (SC13)] substituents demonstrated partial agonism with a lower efficacy than DAMGO or morphine in heterologous G-protein assays and synaptic physiology. In assays limiting MOR reserve, the G-protein efficacy of all three was comparable to buprenorphine. 6 (SC13) showed MOR-dependent analgesia with potency similar to morphine without respiratory depression, hyperlocomotion, constipation, or place conditioning in mice. These results suggest the possibility of activating MOR minimally (G-protein Emax ≈ 10%) in cell lines while yet attaining maximal antinociception in vivo with reduced opioid liabilities.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Molecular Structure
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/adverse effects
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/chemical synthesis
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/metabolism
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Mice
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Chakraborty
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| | - Jeffrey F. DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United
States
| | - Abdelfattah Faouzi
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| | - Sarah M. Bernhard
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| | - Anna M. Gutridge
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,
College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907,
United States
| | - Steven Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Davide Provasi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Nitin Nuthikattu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| | - Rahul Jilakara
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| | - Melissa N. F. Nelson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and
Surgeons, and Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric
Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Wesley B. Asher
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and
Surgeons, and Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric
Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Shainnel O. Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Lisa L. Wilson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Satyanarayana M. Chintala
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Marta Filizola
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Richard M. van Rijn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,
College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907,
United States
| | - Elyssa B. Margolis
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158,
United States
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United
States
| | - Jay P. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Tao Che
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United
States
| | - Dalibor Sames
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York 10027,
United States
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and
Surgeons, and Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric
Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences
& Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States; Department of Anesthesiology,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cuitavi J, Lorente JD, Campos-Jurado Y, Polache A, Hipólito L. Neuroimmune and Mu-Opioid Receptor Alterations in the Mesocorticolimbic System in a Sex-Dependent Inflammatory Pain-Induced Alcohol Relapse-Like Rat Model. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689453. [PMID: 34616393 PMCID: PMC8488159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence concerning the role of alcohol-induced neuroinflammation in alcohol intake and relapse has increased in the last few years. It is also proven that mu-opioid receptors (MORs) mediate the reinforcing properties of alcohol and, interestingly, previous research suggests that neuroinflammation and MORs could be related. Our objective is to study neuroinflammatory states and microglial activation, together with adaptations on MOR expression in the mesocorticolimbic system (MCLS) during the abstinence and relapse phases. To do so, we have used a sex-dependent rat model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced alcohol deprivation effect (ADE). Firstly, our results confirm that only CFA-treated female rats, the only experimental group that showed relapse-like behavior, exhibited specific alterations in the expression of phosphorylated NFκB, iNOS, and COX2 in the PFC and VTA. More interestingly, the analysis of the IBA1 expression revealed a decrease of the microglial activation in PFC during abstinence and an increase of its expression in the relapse phase, together with an augmentation of this activation in the NAc in both phases that only occur in female CFA-treated rats. Additionally, the expression of IL1β also evidenced these dynamic changes through these two phases following similar expression patterns in both areas. Furthermore, the expression of the cytokine IL10 showed a different profile than that of IL1β, indicating anti-inflammatory processes occurring only during abstinence in the PFC of CFA-female rats but neither during the reintroduction phase in PFC nor in the NAc. These data indicate a downregulation of microglial activation and pro-inflammatory processes during abstinence in the PFC, whereas an upregulation can be observed in the NAc during abstinence that is maintained during the reintroduction phase only in CFA-female rats. Secondly, our data reveal a correlation between the alterations observed in IL1β, IBA1 levels, and MOR levels in the PFC and NAc of CFA-treated female rats. Although premature, our data suggest that neuroinflammatory processes, together with neural adaptations involving MOR, might play an important role in alcohol relapse in female rats, so further investigations are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lucía Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gadais C, Piekielna-Ciesielska J, De Neve J, Martin C, Janecka A, Ballet S. Harnessing the Anti-Nociceptive Potential of NK2 and NK3 Ligands in the Design of New Multifunctional μ/δ-Opioid Agonist-Neurokinin Antagonist Peptidomimetics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175406. [PMID: 34500841 PMCID: PMC8434392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid agonists are well-established analgesics, widely prescribed for acute but also chronic pain. However, their efficiency comes with the price of drastically impacting side effects that are inherently linked to their prolonged use. To answer these liabilities, designed multiple ligands (DMLs) offer a promising strategy by co-targeting opioid and non-opioid signaling pathways involved in nociception. Despite being intimately linked to the Substance P (SP)/neurokinin 1 (NK1) system, which is broadly examined for pain treatment, the neurokinin receptors NK2 and NK3 have so far been neglected in such DMLs. Herein, a series of newly designed opioid agonist-NK2 or -NK3 antagonists is reported. A selection of reported peptidic, pseudo-peptidic, and non-peptide neurokinin NK2 and NK3 ligands were covalently linked to the peptidic μ-opioid selective pharmacophore Dmt-DALDA (H-Dmt-d-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) and the dual μ/δ opioid agonist H-Dmt-d-Arg-Aba-βAla-NH2 (KGOP01). Opioid binding assays unequivocally demonstrated that only hybrids SBL-OPNK-5, SBL-OPNK-7 and SBL-OPNK-9, bearing the KGOP01 scaffold, conserved nanomolar range μ-opioid receptor (MOR) affinity, and slightly reduced affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Moreover, NK binding experiments proved that compounds SBL-OPNK-5, SBL-OPNK-7, and SBL-OPNK-9 exhibited (sub)nanomolar binding affinity for NK2 and NK3, opening promising opportunities for the design of next-generation opioid hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Gadais
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.D.N.); (C.M.)
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, UMR 6226, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, CEDEX, 35043 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (S.B.); Tel.: +32-2-6293-292 (S.B.)
| | - Justyna Piekielna-Ciesielska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.P.-C.); (A.J.)
| | - Jolien De Neve
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.D.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Charlotte Martin
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.D.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.P.-C.); (A.J.)
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.D.N.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (S.B.); Tel.: +32-2-6293-292 (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chakraborty S, Uprety R, Daibani AE, Rouzic VL, Hunkele A, Appourchaux K, Eans SO, Nuthikattu N, Jilakara R, Thammavong L, Pasternak GW, Pan YX, McLaughlin JP, Che T, Majumdar S. Kratom Alkaloids as Probes for Opioid Receptor Function: Pharmacological Characterization of Minor Indole and Oxindole Alkaloids from Kratom. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2661-2678. [PMID: 34213886 PMCID: PMC8328003 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry leaves of kratom (mitragyna speciosa) are anecdotally consumed as pain relievers and antidotes against opioid withdrawal and alcohol use disorders. There are at least 54 alkaloids in kratom; however, investigations to date have focused around mitragynine, 7-hydroxy mitragynine (7OH), and mitragynine pseudoindoxyl (MP). Herein, we probe a few minor indole and oxindole based alkaloids, reporting the receptor affinity, G-protein activity, and βarrestin-2 signaling of corynantheidine, corynoxine, corynoxine B, mitraciliatine, and isopaynantheine at mouse and human opioid receptors. We identify corynantheidine as a mu opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist, whereas its oxindole derivative corynoxine was an MOR full agonist. Similarly, another alkaloid mitraciliatine was found to be an MOR partial agonist, while isopaynantheine was a KOR agonist which showed reduced βarrestin-2 recruitment. Corynantheidine, corynoxine, and mitraciliatine showed MOR dependent antinociception in mice, but mitraciliatine and corynoxine displayed attenuated respiratory depression and hyperlocomotion compared to the prototypic MOR agonist morphine in vivo when administered supraspinally. Isopaynantheine on the other hand was identified as the first kratom derived KOR agonist in vivo. While these minor alkaloids are unlikely to play the majority role in the biological actions of kratom, they represent excellent starting points for further diversification as well as distinct efficacy and signaling profiles with which to probe opioid actions in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Chakraborty
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Amal E Daibani
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Valerie L Rouzic
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kevin Appourchaux
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Nitin Nuthikattu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rahul Jilakara
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Lisa Thammavong
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Tao Che
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jaschke N, Sipos W, Hofbauer LC, Rachner TD, Rauner M. Skeletal endocrinology: where evolutionary advantage meets disease. Bone Res 2021; 9:28. [PMID: 34050126 PMCID: PMC8163738 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of whole-body homeostasis by the skeleton is mediated by its capacity to secrete endocrine signaling molecules. Although bone-derived hormones confer several adaptive benefits, their physiological functions also involve trade-offs, thus eventually contributing to disease. In this manuscript, we discuss the origins and functions of two of the best-studied skeletal mediators, fibroblast growth factor 23 and osteocalcin, in an evolutionary context. Moreover, we provide a theoretical framework seeking to explain the broad involvement of these two hormones in amniote physiology as well as their potential to fuel the development and progression of diseases. Vice versa, we outline which perturbations might be amenable to manipulation of these systems and discuss limitations and ongoing challenges in skeletal endocrine research. Finally, we summarize unresolved questions and potential future studies in this thriving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Jaschke
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sipos
- Clinical Department for Farm Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Petit-Pedrol M, Groc L. Regulation of membrane NMDA receptors by dynamics and protein interactions. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211609. [PMID: 33337489 PMCID: PMC7754687 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202006101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding neurotransmitter system crosstalk in the brain is a major challenge in neurobiology. Several intracellular and genomic cascades have been identified in this crosstalk. However, the discovery that neurotransmitter receptors are highly diffusive in the plasma membrane of neurons, where they form heterocomplexes with other proteins, has profoundly changed our view of neurotransmitter signaling. Here, we review new insights into neurotransmitter crosstalk at the plasma membrane. We focus on the membrane organization and interactome of the ionotropic glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) that plays a central role in excitatory synaptic and network physiology and is involved in the etiology of several major neuropsychiatric disorders. The nanoscale organization and dynamics of NMDAR is a key regulatory process for glutamate synapse transmission, plasticity, and crosstalk with other neurotransmitter systems, such as the monoaminergic ones. The plasma membrane appears to be a prime regulatory compartment for spatial and temporal crosstalk between neurotransmitter systems in the healthy and diseased brain. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating membrane neurotransmitter receptor crosstalk will likely open research avenues for innovative therapeutical strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mar Petit-Pedrol
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurent Groc
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jaschke N, Pählig S, Pan YX, Hofbauer LC, Göbel A, Rachner TD. From Pharmacology to Physiology: Endocrine Functions of μ-Opioid Receptor Networks. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:306-319. [PMID: 33676828 PMCID: PMC8035298 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The steady rise in opioid users and abusers has uncovered multiple detrimental health consequences of perturbed opioid receptor signaling, thereby creating the need to better understand the biology of these systems. Among endogenous opioid networks, μ-receptors have received special attention due to their unprecedented biological complexity and broad implications in homeostatic functions. Here, we review the origin, molecular biology, and physiology of endogenous opioids with a special focus on μ-opioid receptor networks within the endocrine system. Moreover, we summarize the current evidence supporting an involvement of the latter in regulating distinct endocrine functions. Finally, we combine these insights to present an integrated perspective on μ-opioid receptor biology and provide an outlook on future studies and unresolved questions in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Jaschke
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sophie Pählig
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andy Göbel
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang M, Thyagarajan B. Pain pathways and potential new targets for pain relief. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 69:110-123. [PMID: 33316085 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects a sizable percentage of people on a daily basis. Sensory neurons known as nociceptors built specifically to detect damaging stimuli can be found throughout the body. They transmit information about noxious stimuli from mechanical, thermal, and chemical sources to the central nervous system and higher brain centers via electrical signals. Nociceptors express various channels and receptors such as voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, and opioid receptors that allow them to respond in a highly specific manner to noxious stimuli. Attenuating the pain response can be achieved by inhibiting or altering the expression of these pain targets. Achieving a deeper understanding of how these receptors can be affected at the molecular level can lead to the development of novel pain therapies. This review will discuss the mechanisms of pain, introduce the various receptors that are responsible for detecting pain, and future directions in pharmacological therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Baskaran Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| |
Collapse
|