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Burch FC, Nichi M, Mendes CM, Assumpção MEOD, Duarte JMB, Del Rio do Valle R. Cryopreservation of spermatozoa from black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) using egg yolk-based or soy lecithin-based extenders. Primates 2024:10.1007/s10329-024-01136-6. [PMID: 38761269 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
There are more than 200 species and subspecies of Neotropical Primates of which more than 40% are listed as threatened by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both in situ and ex situ conservation programs can benefit from the use of assisted reproductive technologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, cryopreservation techniques for Alouatta caraya semen. Semen samples were collected from five adult males, analyzed, and frozen in either Test-egg yolk or Test-soy lecithin-based extenders containing either 3 or 4% glycerol. Frozen-thawed samples were analyzed at 10, 40, and 80 min post-thaw. Egg yolk-based extenders were overall better than soy lecithin-based extenders. There was no significant difference between 3 and 4% glycerol in any of the parameters analyzed, however, 4% glycerol in egg yolk-based extender produced more favorable results for total motility, intact plasma membrane, lipid peroxidation, and DNA fragmentation index. This study brought novel information on semen characteristics and cryopreservation aspects for A. caraya, which can help shape future experiments to improve the outcome of frozen-thawed sperm for this and other species of Neotropical primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Carvalho Burch
- College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
| | - Marcílio Nichi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camilla Mota Mendes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Fernandes DP, Praxedes ÉA, Freitas CIA, Pereira AF. Ex Situ Approaches for the Conservation of Genetic Resources in the Superorder Xenarthra. Biopreserv Biobank 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Denilsa Pires Fernandes
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Érika Almeida Praxedes
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Carlos Iberê Alves Freitas
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Studies in Immunology and Wild Animals, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Fernandes Pereira
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
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Sousa PC, Santos EA, Silva AM, Bezerra JA, Souza AL, Lima GL, Oliveira MF, Silva AR. Identification of ultrastructural and functional damages in sperm from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) due to cryopreservation. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016000800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: The aim of the study was to cryopreserve the semen of six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) in Tris-yolk and glycerol diluent, and to determine the damage caused by the freezing-thawing process, using fluorescent markers and ultrastructural analysis. Semen samples (n=11) collected from 4 adult six-banded armadillos by electroejaculation were cryopreserved in Tris diluent plus 20% egg yolk and 3% glycerol, in a fast freezing curve. Classical analysis of samples was performed after dilution, refrigeration and thawing, followed by fluorescence analysis, using a combination of fluorescent probes to assess membrane integrity (propidium iodide - PI and Hoechst - H342), and mitochondrial activity (CMXRos - Mito Tracker Red®). We also used the ultrastructural analysis to verify possible morphological alterations caused by cryoinjuries. When compared with fresh samples, we verified a significant decline in all the armadillos' semen parameters after thawing, in which only 6.1% motile sperm were found. However, the percentage of sperm which remained with viable (13%) and functional (24.7%) membranes after thawing suggests that some cells could be live but immotile. Analysis using fluorescent markers revealed that the mitochondria of armadillos' sperm is highly sensible to the freezing protocol and the findings through ultrastructure analysis proved this statement. Additionally, the images obtained by transmission electron microscopy revealed that frozen-thawed sperm presented damaged plasma membrane, nuclear modifications as changes in chromatin and acrossomal changes relative to sperm capacitation. In conclusion, this study is the first attempt to cryopreserve the semen of an armadillo species, and to help us to identify critical points on the freezing-thawing procedure in order to improve the protocol.
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Semen characteristics and refrigeration in free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Theriogenology 2015; 84:1572-80. [PMID: 26376226 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is considered vulnerable to extinction. Scientific data on the reproductive parameters of this species are scarce. Semen from eight free-ranging giant anteaters was collected to establish its characteristics and the effects of cooling and storage at 5 °C after dilution with the BotuCrio extender without cryoprotectant. The ejaculate presented two distinct sequential fractions, including a whitish fraction, which was milky and rich in sperm cells, and a gel fraction, which was colorless, viscous, and azoospermic. The mean ± standard error of the mean values of the seminal characteristics were as follows: volume of the first fraction, 0.75 ± 0.1 mL; motility, 75 ± 2.9%; vigor, 3.2 ± 0.3; sperm motility index, 68.8 ± 4.3; concentration, 108.5 ± 13.4 × 10(6)/mL; plasma membrane integrity index, 71 ± 4.0%; spermatic defects detected using modified Karras staining, 35.5 ± 3.3%; and spermatic alterations identified by differential interference contrast microscopy, 48.3 ± 6.8%. During refrigeration, the semen presented decreasing motility from 0 to 18 hours, sperm motility index decreased from 0 to 24 hours, and vigor did not change in the first 6 hours and then decreased to 18 hours.
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Favoretto SM, daSilva EG, Menezes J, Guerra RR, Campos DB. Reproductive System of Brown-throated Sloth (Bradypus variegatus, Schinz 1825, Pilosa, Xenarthra): Anatomy and Histology. Anat Histol Embryol 2015; 45:249-59. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Favoretto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia Animal; Centro de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Areia Brazil
| | - E. G. daSilva
- Curso de Medicina Veterinaria; Centro de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidade Federal da Paraiba; Areia Brasil
| | - J. Menezes
- Curso de Medicina Veterinaria; Centro de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidade Federal da Paraiba; Areia Brasil
| | - R. R. Guerra
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia Animal; Centro de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Areia Brazil
| | - D. B. Campos
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia Animal; Centro de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Areia Brazil
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Eldin C, Mahamat A, Djossou F, Raoult D. Rainfall and sloth births in may, Q fever in July, Cayenne, French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 92:979-81. [PMID: 25802429 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Q fever in French Guiana is correlated with the rainy season. We found a 1- to 2-month lagged correlation between Q fever incidence and the number of births of three-toed sloth. This result strengthens the hypothesis that the three-toed sloth is the wild reservoir of Q fever in French Guiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Eldin
- URMITE, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095 Faculté de Médecine 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France; Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 2, rue des Flamboyants, BP 6006-97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Aba Mahamat
- URMITE, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095 Faculté de Médecine 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France; Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 2, rue des Flamboyants, BP 6006-97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Felix Djossou
- URMITE, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095 Faculté de Médecine 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France; Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 2, rue des Flamboyants, BP 6006-97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Didier Raoult
- URMITE, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095 Faculté de Médecine 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France; Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 2, rue des Flamboyants, BP 6006-97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
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Sousa P, Santos E, Bezerra J, Lima G, Castelo T, Fontenele-Neto J, Silva A. Morphology, morphometry and ultrastructure of captive six-banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 140:279-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rossi LF, Luaces JP, Aldana Marcos HJ, Cetica PD, Perez Jimeno G, Merani MS. Anatomy and histology of the male reproductive tract and spermatogenesis fine structure in the lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla, Myrmecophagidae, Xenarthra): morphological evidences of reproductive functions. Anat Histol Embryol 2012; 42:247-56. [PMID: 23072214 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The anatomy and histology of the male genital tract of the lesser anteater were studied. Fine details of spermatozoa regarding their genesis and morphology were also studied in six adult specimens. The testes lie in the pelvic cavity. The deferent duct emerges from the epididymis and opens into the ejaculatory duct, which drains into the membranous urethra. Accessory glands (prostate, seminal vesicle and bulbourethral gland) are histologically similar to those described in other mammals. The short penis presents an urethral orifice, while the corpus spongiosum becomes thinner at the end indicating the absence of a histologically defined glans. The seminiferous epithelium shows: (1) Sertoli cells with deep nuclear indentations, (2) spermatogonia with crusty-like chromatin, (3) spermatocytes at different stages of maturation and (4) three morphologically distinct stages of spermatid differentiation according to nuclear shape, acrosome development and chromatin condensation. Sperm heads appear oval. The length of the spermatozoa averages 67.33 ± 1.60 μm. Two specimens with inactive spermatogenesis were azoospermic. Their testes and epididymis presented sizes smaller than those with active spermatogenesis. These studies together with others in anteaters may contribute to successful breeding in conservation programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Rossi
- Laboratorio de Biología Cromosómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, C.A.B.A, Argentina
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Serafim M, Lira R, Costa L, Gadelha I, Freitas C, Silva A. Description of semen characteristics from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) collected by electroejaculation. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 118:362-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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