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Carreto-Binaghi LE, Sartillo-Mendoza LG, Muñoz-Torrico M, Guzmán-Beltrán S, Carranza C, Torres M, González Y, Juárez E. Serum pro-inflammatory biomarkers associated with improvement in quality of life in pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241121. [PMID: 37753080 PMCID: PMC10518397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary dysfunction is an underestimated complication in tuberculosis (TB) infection, affecting quality of life (QoL). Although respiratory function tests objectively reflect lung disturbances in a specific moment, predictors of illness severity at the time of diagnosis are still lacking. Methods We measured serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-8), eicosanoids (PGE2, LTB4, RvD1, Mar1, and LXA4), a marker of tissue damage (cell-free nucleosomes), and indicators of redox status (malonaldehyde, 8-isoprostane, total oxidants, and antioxidants), as well as a score of radiological abnormalities (SRA) and a QoL questionnaire, in 25 patients with pulmonary TB at the time of diagnosis (t0) and two months after the initiation of treatment (t2). Results We found higher antioxidant levels in the patients with the worst QoL at t0, and all the indicators of the prooxidant state were significantly reduced at t2, while the total antioxidant levels increased. LTB4, a pro-inflammatory eicosanoid, was diminished at t2, while all the pro-resolutory lipids decreased substantially. Significant correlations between the SRA and the QoL scores were observed, the latter showing a substantial reduction at t2, ranking it as a reliable tool for monitoring disease evolution during TB treatment. Discussion These results suggest that evaluating a combination of these markers might be a valuable predictor of QoL improvement and a treatment response indicator; in particular, the oxidation metabolites and eicosanoid ratios could also be proposed as a future target for adjuvant therapies to reduce inflammation-associated lung injury in TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de la Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Luis Gustavo Sartillo-Mendoza
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
- Becario de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Torrico
- Clínica de Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Silvia Guzmán-Beltrán
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Claudia Carranza
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de la Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Martha Torres
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de la Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Yolanda González
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Juárez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico, Mexico
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Abohashrh M, Ahmad I, Alam MM, Beg MMA, Alshahrani MY, Irfan S, Verma AK, Alshaghdali K, Saeed M. Assessment of IL-12, mRNA expression, vitamin-D level, and their correlation among the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:992-997. [PMID: 35197768 PMCID: PMC8847913 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Maharjan B, Gopali RS, Zhang Y. A scoping review on climate change and tuberculosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:1579-1595. [PMID: 33728507 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02117-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a global public health challenge. The changes in climatic factors affect the pattern and burden of tuberculosis, which is a worldwide public health problem affecting low and middle-income countries. However, the evidence related to the impact of climate change on tuberculosis is few and far between. This study is a scoping review following a five-stage version of Arksey and O'Malley's method. We searched the literature using the keywords and their combination in Google scholar, and PubMed. Climate change affects tuberculosis through diverse pathways: changes in climatic factors like temperature, humidity, and precipitation influence host response through alterations in vitamin D distribution, ultraviolet radiation, malnutrition, and other risk factors. The rise in extreme climatic events induces population displacement resulting in a greater number of vulnerable and risk populations of tuberculosis. It creates a conducive environment of tuberculosis transmission and development of active tuberculosis and disrupts tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment services. Therefore, it stands to reasons that climate change affects tuberculosis, particularly in highly vulnerable countries and areas. However, further studies and novel methodologies are required to address such a complex relationship and better understand the occurrence of tuberculosis attributable to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Maharjan
- Japan-Nepal Health and Tuberculosis Research Association, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Ram Sharan Gopali
- Japan-Nepal Health and Tuberculosis Research Association, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Huang K, Yang XJ, Hu CY, Ding K, Jiang W, Hua XG, Liu J, Cao JY, Sun CY, Zhang T, Kan XH, Zhang XJ. Short-term effect of ambient temperature change on the risk of tuberculosis admissions: Assessments of two exposure metrics. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109900. [PMID: 32980000 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the effects of seasonal variations and ambient temperature on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) have been well documented, it is still unknown whether ambient temperature change is an independent risk factor for TB. The aim of this study was to assess the association between ambient temperature change and the risk of TB admissions. METHOD A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) combined with Poisson generalized linear regression model was performed to assess the association between ambient temperature change and the risk of TB admissions from 2014 to 2018 in Hefei, China. Two temperature change metrics including temperature change between neighboring days (TCN) and diurnal temperature range (DTR) were used to assess the effects of temperature change exposure. Subgroup analyses were performed by gender, age and season. Besides, the attributable risk was calculated to evaluated the public health significance. RESULTS The overall exposure-response curves suggested that there were statistically significant associations between two temperature change metrics and the risk of TB admissions. The maximum lag-specific relative risk (RR) of TB admissions was 1.088 (95%CI: 1.012-1.171, lag 4 day) for exposing to large temperature drop (TCN= -4 °C) in winter. Besides, the overall cumulative risk of TB admissions increased continuously and peaked at a lag of 7 days (RR=1.350, 95%CI: 1.120-1.628). Subgroup analysis suggested that exposure to large temperature drop had an adverse effect on TB admissions among males, females and adults. Similarly, large level of DTR exposure (DTR=15 °C) in spring also increased the risk of TB admissions on lag 0 day (RR=1.039, 95%CI: 1.016-1.063), and the cumulative RRs peaked at a lag of 1 days (RR=1.029, 95%CI: 1.012-1.047). We also found that females and elderly people were more vulnerable to the large level of DTR exposure. Additionally, the assessment of attributable risk suggested that taking target measures for the upcoming large temperature drop (b-AF = 4.17%, 95% eCI: 1.24%, 7.22%, b-AN = 1195) may achieve great public health benefits for TB prevention. CONCLUSION This study suggests that ambient temperature change is associated with the risk of TB admissions. Besides, TCN may be a better predictor for the TB prevention and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kun Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Guo Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Yu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chen-Yu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, 60657, Illinois, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China; Anhui Medical University Clinical College of Chest, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Huang K, Ding K, Yang XJ, Hu CY, Jiang W, Hua XG, Liu J, Cao JY, Zhang T, Kan XH, Zhang XJ. Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits: A time-series study in Hefei, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109343. [PMID: 32192989 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current evidence has presented mixed results between air pollutants exposure and the progression of tuberculosis (TB). The purpose of this study was to explore the association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and the risk of TB outpatient visits in Hefei, China. METHODS Time-series analysis was used to assess the effect of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants on the risk of TB outpatient visits. A Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to explore the association. The effects of different gender (male, female), age (≤65 years old, >65 years old) and season (cold season, warm season) on the risk of TB were investigated by stratified analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of our findings. RESULTS A total of 22,749 active TB cases were identified from November 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018 in Hefei. The overall exposure-response curve showed that the concentration of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure were positively correlated with the risk of TB outpatient visits, while ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure were negatively correlated with the risk of TB outpatient visits. The maximum lag-specific and cumulative relative risk (RR) of TB outpatient visits were 1.057 [95%CI: 1.002-1.115, lag 3 day] and 1.559 (95%CI: 1.057-2.300, lag 13 days) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5; 1.026 (95% CI: 1.008-1.044, lag 0 day) and 1.559 (95%CI: 1.057-2.300, lag 07 days) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in NO2; 0.866 (95% CI: 0.801-0.935, lag 5 day) and 0.852 (95%CI: 1.01-1.11, lag 0-14 days) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in SO2 in the single-pollutant model. There was only a negative association between O3 exposure and the cumulative risk of TB outpatient visits (RR = 0.960, 95%CI: 0.936-0.984, lag 07 days). Stratified analyses showed that the effects of SO2 and O3 exposure were different between warm and cold seasons. The effect of NO2 exposure remained statistically significant in male, younger, and cold season subgroups. Besides, elderly people are more susceptible to PM2.5 exposure. CONCLUSION This study suggests that exposure to PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3 are associated with the risk of TB outpatient visits. Seasonal variation may have a greater impact on the risk of TB outpatient visits compared with gender and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kun Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Guo Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Yu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Anhui Medical University Clinical College of Chest, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China; Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Drivers of Seasonal Variation in Tuberculosis Incidence: Insights from a Systematic Review and Mathematical Model. Epidemiology 2019; 29:857-866. [PMID: 29870427 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonality in tuberculosis incidence has been widely observed across countries and populations; however, its drivers are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting seasonal patterns in tuberculosis to identify demographic and ecologic factors associated with timing and magnitude of seasonal variation. METHODS We identified studies reporting seasonal variation in tuberculosis incidence through PubMed and EMBASE and extracted incidence data and population metadata. We described key factors relating to seasonality and, when data permitted, quantified seasonal variation and its association with metadata. We developed a dynamic tuberculosis natural history and transmission model incorporating seasonal differences in disease progression and/or transmission rates to examine magnitude of variation required to produce observed seasonality in incidence. RESULTS Fifty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. In the majority of studies (n=49), tuberculosis incidence peaked in spring or summer and reached a trough in late fall or winter. A standardized seasonal amplitude was calculated for 34 of the studies, resulting in a mean of 17.1% (range: 2.7-85.5%) after weighting by sample size. Across multiple studies, stronger seasonality was associated with younger patients, extrapulmonary disease, and latitudes farther from the Equator. The mathematical model was generally able to reproduce observed levels of seasonal case variation; however, substantial variation in transmission or disease progression risk was required to replicate several extreme values. CONCLUSIONS We observed seasonal variation in tuberculosis, with consistent peaks occurring in spring, across countries with varying tuberculosis burden. Future research is needed to explore and quantify potential gains from strategically conducting mass screening interventions in the spring.
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Maceda EB, Gonçalves CCM, Andrews JR, Ko AI, Yeckel CW, Croda J. Serum vitamin D levels and risk of prevalent tuberculosis, incident tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test conversion among prisoners. Sci Rep 2018; 8:997. [PMID: 29343733 PMCID: PMC5772514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor vitamin D status has been associated with tuberculosis (TB); whether poor status is cause or consequence of disease is uncertain. We conducted a case-control study and two nested case-control studies to determine whether vitamin D levels were associated with active TB, tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion, and risk of progression to the active TB in prisoners in Brazil. In multivariable conditional logistic regression, subnormal vitamin D levels (OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 1.04–13.64) were more likely in prisoners with active TB. In contrast, vitamin D was not found to be a risk factor for either TST conversion (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 0.64–9.66) or progression to active disease (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.13–2.62). Black race (OR, 11.52; 95% CI, 2.01–63.36), less than 4 years of schooling (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 0.90–8.16), cigarette smoking (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.06–0.79) were identified as risk factors for TST conversion. Risk of progression to active TB was found to be associated with cigarette smoking (OR, 7.42; 95% CI, 1.23–44.70). Our findings in the prison population show that poor vitamin D status is more common in individuals with active TB, but is not a risk factor for acquisition of latent TB or progression to active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisangela B Maceda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - Jason R Andrews
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Albert I Ko
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Disease, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.,Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Catherine W Yeckel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julio Croda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil. .,School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil. .,Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil.
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Álvaro-Meca A, Díaz A, de Miguel Díez J, Resino R, Resino S. Environmental Factors Related to Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients in the Combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) Era. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165944. [PMID: 27812194 PMCID: PMC5094733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the seasonal variations and whether short-term exposure to environmental risk factors, such as climate and air pollution, is associated with PTB-related hospital admissions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Spain during the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). A retrospective study was carried out using data from the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) and the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) of Spain. The primary outcome variable was hospital admissions with PTB diagnosis. The environmental risk factors evaluated were season, temperature, humidity, NO2, SO2, O3, PM10, and CO. Overall, HIV-infected patients had a lower frequency of PTB-related hospital admissions in summer (22.8%) and autumn (22.4%), but higher values in winter (26.6%) and spring (28.2%). Using a Bayesian temporal model, PTB-related hospital admissions were less frequent in summer-autumn and more abundant in winter-spring during the first years of follow-up. During the later years of follow-up, the seasonal trends continued resulting in the lowest values in autumn and the highest in spring. When considering short-term exposure to environmental risk factors, lower temperatures at 1 week (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03; p = 0.008), 1.5 weeks (OR = 1.03; p<0.001), 2 weeks (OR = 1.04; p<0.001), and 3 weeks (OR = 1.03; p<0.001) prior to PTB admission. In addition, higher concentration of NO2 at the time of admission were significantly associated with higher likelihoods of PTB-related hospital admission in HIV-infected patients when 1.5 weeks (OR = 1.1; p = 0.044) and 2 weeks (OR = 1.21; p<0.001) were used as controls. Finally, higher concentration of SO2 at 1.5 weeks prior to PTB admission was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of PTB-related hospital admissions (OR = 0.92; p = 0.029). In conclusion, our data suggest an apparent seasonal variation in hospital admissions of HIV-infected patients with a PTB diagnosis (summer/autumn vs. winter/spring), as well as a link to short-term exposure to environmental risk factors, such as temperature and ambient NO2 and SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Álvaro-Meca
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (SR); (AAM)
| | - Asuncion Díaz
- Unit of HIV Surveillance and Behavioural Monitoring. National Center of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Network of Biomedical Research Centers Epidemiology and Public Health (Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier de Miguel Díez
- Pneumology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Resino
- Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography and History, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda. Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (SR); (AAM)
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Coker OO, Warit S, Rukseree K, Summpunn P, Prammananan T, Palittapongarnpim P. Functional characterization of two members of histidine phosphatase superfamily in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:292. [PMID: 24330471 PMCID: PMC3866925 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Functional characterization of genes in important pathogenic bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis is imperative. Rv2135c, which was originally annotated as conserved hypothetical, has been found to be associated with membrane protein fractions of H37Rv strain. The gene appears to contain histidine phosphatase motif common to both cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutases and acid phosphatases in the histidine phosphatase superfamily. The functions of many of the members of this superfamily are annotated based only on similarity to known proteins using automatic annotation systems, which can be erroneous. In addition, the motif at the N-terminal of Rv2135c is ‘RHA’ unlike ‘RHG’ found in most members of histidine phosphatase superfamily. These necessitate the need for its experimental characterization. The crystal structure of Rv0489, another member of the histidine phosphatase superfamily in M. tuberculosis, has been previously reported. However, its biochemical characteristics remain unknown. In this study, Rv2135c and Rv0489 from M. tuberculosis were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with 6 histidine residues tagged at the C terminal. Results Characterization of the purified recombinant proteins revealed that Rv0489 possesses phosphoglycerate mutase activity while Rv2135c does not. However Rv2135c has an acid phosphatase activity with optimal pH of 5.8. Kinetic parameters of Rv2135c and Rv0489 are studied, confirming that Rv0489 is a cofactor dependent phosphoglycerate mutase of M. tuberculosis. Additional characterization showed that Rv2135c exists as a tetramer while Rv0489 as a dimer in solution. Conclusion Most of the proteins orthologous to Rv2135c in other bacteria are annotated as phosphoglycerate mutases or hypothetical proteins. It is possible that they are actually phosphatases. Experimental characterization of a sufficiently large number of bacterial histidine phosphatases will increase the accuracy of the automatic annotation systems towards a better understanding of this important group of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Prasit Palittapongarnpim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Andersen ML, Tufik S. Vitamin D as an underlying factor in sleep-related issues. J Clin Sleep Med 2012; 8:699. [PMID: 23243404 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.2268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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