1
|
Yu X, Wang M, Wang D, Wei M, Li F, Lyu Y, Liu J. Biosynthesis of Feruloyl Glycerol from Ferulic Acid and Glycerol Through a Two-Enzyme Cascade Reaction. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04984-6. [PMID: 38884855 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Feruloyl glycerol (FG) has a variety of biological activities, but the green synthesis methods of FG remain rare. In this study, FG was prepared by a cascade reaction catalyzed by 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) and hydroxycinnamoyl acyltransferase 4 (HCT4). The cascade reaction carried out at solvent water and room temperature is more convenient and greener. Firstly, the product derived from the cascade reaction was characterized by TLC, HPLC, FTIR, and ESI-MS. The results showed that the product was FG. Secondly, the effects of temperature, pH, enzyme ratio, Mg2+ concentration, and CoA concentration on the cascade reaction were investigated. Consequently, the highest reaction rate was obtained at 30 °C, pH 6, an enzyme ratio of 1:3, and Mg2+ concentration of 5 mM. Finally, semi-preparative scale synthesis for FG was conducted. The production of FG reached 35.1 mM at 24 h with the FG conversion of 70.18%. In a word, a novel idea for the efficient and green synthesis of FG was proposed, which had great potential for industrial application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yu
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minyang Wang
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dujun Wang
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Wei
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengwei Li
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongmei Lyu
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinbin Liu
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang S, Li Y, Ma C, Huang D, Chen S, Zhu S, Wang H. Enzymatic molecular modification of water-soluble polyphenols: Synthesis, structure, bioactivity and application. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12637-12651. [PMID: 35912423 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2105301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The poor lipophilicity and instability of water-soluble polyphenols limit their bioavailability and application in food. However, increasing attention has been given to water-soluble polyphenols due to their multiple biological activities, which prompts the modification of the structure of water-soluble polyphenols to improve their lipophilicity and stability and enable more efficient application. This review presents the enzymatic biosynthesis of lipophilic derivatives of water-soluble polyphenols, which will change the molecular structure of water-soluble polyphenols based on the loss of hydroxyl or carboxyl groups. Therefore, the effects of reaction factors on the structure of polyphenol derivatives and the change in their bioactivities will be further analyzed. Previous studies have shown that lipases, solvent systems, and hydrophobic groups are major factors influencing the synthesis and lipophilicity of polyphenol derivatives. Moreover, the biological activities of polyphenol derivatives were changed to a certain extent, such as through the enhancement or weakening of antioxidant activity in different systems and the increase in anti-influenza virus activity and antibacterial activity. The improvement of lipophilicity also expands polyphenol application in food. This review may contribute to the efficient synthesis of lipophilic derivatives of water-soluble polyphenols to extend the utilization and application range of polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shangwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheng W, Nian B. Computer-Aided Lipase Engineering for Improving Their Stability and Activity in the Food Industry: State of the Art. Molecules 2023; 28:5848. [PMID: 37570817 PMCID: PMC10421223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As some of the most widely used biocatalysts, lipases have exhibited extreme advantages in many processes, such as esterification, amidation, and transesterification reactions, which causes them to be widely used in food industrial production. However, natural lipases have drawbacks in terms of organic solvent resistance, thermostability, selectivity, etc., which limits some of their applications in the field of foods. In this systematic review, the application of lipases in various food processes was summarized. Moreover, the general structure of lipases is discussed in-depth, and the engineering strategies that can be used in lipase engineering are also summarized. The protocols of some classical methods are compared and discussed, which can provide some information about how to choose methods of lipase engineering. Thermostability engineering and solvent tolerance engineering are highlighted in this review, and the basic principles for improving thermostability and solvent tolerance are summarized. In the future, comput er-aided technology should be more emphasized in the investigation of the mechanisms of reactions catalyzed by lipases and guide the engineering of lipases. The engineering of lipase tunnels to improve the diffusion of substrates is also a promising prospect for further enhanced lipase activity and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Binbin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alizadeh A, Hasanpour H, Rezaiyehraad R. Ultrasound‐Assisted Green Synthesis of Pyrrole‐Fused Pyrimidine and Imidazole Rings through a Tandem Pseudo‐Four‐Component Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolali Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115–175 Tehran Iran 1411713116
| | - Hamidreza Hasanpour
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115–175 Tehran Iran 1411713116
| | - Reza Rezaiyehraad
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115–175 Tehran Iran 1411713116
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mardani M, Badakné K, Farmani J, Shahidi F. Enzymatic lipophilization of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4977-4994. [PMID: 36419380 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2147268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Food products contain bioactive compounds such as phenolic and polyphenolic compounds and vitamins, resulting in a myriad of biological characteristics such as antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant activities. However, their application is often restricted because of their relatively low solubility and stability in emulsions and oil-based products. Therefore, chemical, enzymatic, or chemoenzymatic lipophilization of these compounds can be achieved by grafting a non-polar moiety onto their polar structures. Among different methods, enzymatic modification is considered environmentally friendly and may require only minor downstream processing and purification steps. In recent years, different systems have been suggested to design the synthetic reaction of these novel products. This review presents the new trends in this area by summarizing the essential enzymatic modifications in the last decade that led to the synthesis of bioactive compounds with attractive antioxidative properties for the food industry by emphasizing on optimization of the reaction conditions to maximize the production yields. Lastly, recent developments regarding characterization, potential applications, emerging research areas, and needs are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mardani
- Department of Cereal and Industrial Plant Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Badakné
- Department of Cereal and Industrial Plant Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jamshid Farmani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen G, Khan IM, He W, Li Y, Jin P, Campanella OH, Zhang H, Huo Y, Chen Y, Yang H, Miao M. Rebuilding the lid region from conformational and dynamic features to engineering applications of lipase in foods: Current status and future prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2688-2714. [PMID: 35470946 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The applications of lipases in esterification, amidation, and transesterification have broadened their potential in the production of fine compounds with high cumulative values. Mostly, the catalytic triad of lipases is covered by either one or two mobile peptides called the "lid" that control the substrate channel to the catalytic center. The lid holds unique conformational allostery via interfacial activation to regulate the dynamics and catalytic functions of lipases, thereby highlighting its importance in redesigning these enzymes for industrial applications. The structural characteristic of lipase, the dynamics of lids, and the roles of lid in lipase catalysis were summarized, providing opportunities for rebuilding lid region by biotechniques (e.g., metagenomic technology and protein engineering) and enzyme immobilization. The review focused on the advantages and disadvantages of strategies rebuilding the lid region. The main shortcomings of biotechnologies on lid rebuilding were discussed such as negative effects on lipase (e.g., a decrease of activity). Additionally, the main shortcomings (e.g., enzyme desorption at high temperatre) in immobilization on hydrophobic supports via interfacial action were presented. Solutions to the mentioned problems were proposed by combinations of computational design with biotechnologies, and improvements of lipase immobilization (e.g., immobilization protocols and support design). Finally, the review provides future perspectives about designing hyperfunctional lipases as biocatalysts in the food industry based on lid conformation and dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wensen He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Jin
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Osvaldo H Campanella
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Haihua Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Huo
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Huqing Yang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Continuous Production of DHA and EPA Ethyl Esters via Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification in an Ultrasonic Packed-Bed Bioreactor. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl esters of omega-3 fatty acids are active pharmaceutical ingredients used for the reduction in triglycerides in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Herein, an ultrasonic packed-bed bioreactor was developed for continuous production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl esters from DHA+EPA concentrate and ethyl acetate (EA) using an immobilized lipase, Novozym® 435, as a biocatalyst. A three-level–two-factor central composite design combined with a response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the packed-bed bioreactor with or without ultrasonication on the conversion of DHA + EPA ethyl ester. The highest conversion of 99% was achieved with ultrasonication at the condition of 1 mL min−1 flow rate and 100 mM DHA + EPA concentration. Our results also showed that the ultrasonic packed-bed bioreactor has a higher external mass transfer coefficient and a lower external substrate concentration on the surface of the immobilized enzyme. The effect of ultrasound was also demonstrated by a kinetic model in the batch reaction that the specificity constant (V′max/K2) in the ultrasonic bath was 8.9 times higher than that of the shaking bath, indicating the ultrasonication increased the affinity between enzymes and substrates and, therefore, increasing reaction rate. An experiment performed under the highest conversion conditions showed that the enzyme in the bioreactor remained stable at least for 5 days and maintained a 98% conversion.
Collapse
|
8
|
Jadhav HB, Gogate PR, Annapure US. Intensification of Enzymatic Synthesis of Corn Oil Designer Lipids Using Sonication. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-06255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Salvi HM, Yadav GD. Process intensification using immobilized enzymes for the development of white biotechnology. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Process intensification of biocatalysed reactions using different techniques such as microwaves, ultrasound, hydrodynamic cavitation, ionic liquids, microreactors and flow chemistry in various industries is critically analysed and future directions provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshada M. Salvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Mumbai-400019
- India
| | - Ganapati D. Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Mumbai-400019
- India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Effect of temperature and solvents on ultrasonic speed and related acoustical thermodynamic parameters of epoxy resin of (2E,6E)-bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone solutions. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
12
|
Sun T, Zhang H, Dong Z, Liu Z, Zheng M. Ultrasonic-promoted enzymatic preparation, identification and multi-active studies of nature-identical phenolic acid glycerol derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11139-11147. [PMID: 35495308 PMCID: PMC9050460 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09830e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acid glycerols (PAGs) are a group of rare phytochemicals found from potato periderm, which show great potential in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, seven PAGs were enzymatically synthesized via transesterification of ethyl phenates (EPs) with glycerol by ultrasonic promotion. The conversions of 88.1–98.5% could be obtained in 1–9 h. Compared with the conventional stirring methods, the catalytic efficiency was significantly increased 11.0–44.0 folds by ultrasound assistance. The lipid peroxidation inhibition activity increased 8.1-fold and 14.4-fold compared to the parent phenolic acids (PAs). Furthermore, caffeoyl glycerol and feruloyl glycerol exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli compared to the corresponding PAs with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) decreasing 4–16-fold. The PAGs can also absorb a much wider and higher amount of the harmful UV-B rays than the corresponding PAs. The present strategy for facile synthesis of multifunctional PAGs paves the way for the development and application of natural phytochemicals and novel ingredients. A group of rare nature-identical phenolic acid glycerol derivatives was enzymatically prepared and identified, and showed much better antioxidant and antimicrobial activities than the corresponding phenolic acids.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory
| | - Zhe Dong
- Oil Crops Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory
| | - Zengshe Liu
- Bio-Oils Research Unit
- United States Department of Agriculture
- Agricultural Research Service
- National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research
- Peoria
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Srivastava M, Mukhopadhyay P, Chakraborty R. Efficient monooleoyl glycerol synthesis employing hybrid ultrasonic‐infrared‐wave promoted reactor: Concurrent catalytic and noncatalytic esterification kinetics. INT J CHEM KINET 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Srivastava
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentJadavpur University Kolkata India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ultrasonic Methylation of Triethylammonium Thiolate as a Key Strategy for Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrazine-Containing 2-Oxindole Scaffold. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
15
|
Ortiz C, Ferreira ML, Barbosa O, dos Santos JCS, Rodrigues RC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Briand LE, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Novozym 435: the “perfect” lipase immobilized biocatalyst? Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Novozym 435 (N435) is a commercially available immobilized lipase produced by Novozymes with its advantages and drawbacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ortiz
- Escuela de Microbiología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga
- Colombia
| | - María Luján Ferreira
- Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química – PLAPIQUI
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional del Sur
- 8000 Bahía Blanca
- Argentina
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad del Tolima
- Ibagué
- Colombia
| | - José C. S. dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável
- Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira
- Redenção
- Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess, and Biocatalysis Group, Food Science and Technology Institute
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alicante
- Alicante
- Spain
| | - Laura E. Briand
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas-Dr. Jorge J. Ronco
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- CONICET
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bauwelinck J, Cornet I, Wijnants M, Dams R, Tavernier S. Investigation of the Enzyme‐Catalysed Transesterification of Methyl Acrylate and Sterically Hindered Alcohol Substrates. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordy Bauwelinck
- Faculty of applied engineeringResearch group BioGEMUniversity of Antwerp Salesianenlaan 90 B-2660 Hoboken Belgium
| | - Iris Cornet
- Faculty of applied engineeringResearch group BioGEMUniversity of Antwerp Salesianenlaan 90 B-2660 Hoboken Belgium
| | - Marc Wijnants
- Faculty of applied engineeringResearch group BioGEMUniversity of Antwerp Salesianenlaan 90 B-2660 Hoboken Belgium
| | - Rudolf Dams
- 3 M Belgium BVBA Canadastraat 11 B-2070 Zwijndrecht Belgium
| | - Serge Tavernier
- Faculty of applied engineeringResearch group BioGEMUniversity of Antwerp Salesianenlaan 90 B-2660 Hoboken Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ishak N, Lajis AFB, Mohamad R, Ariff AB, Mohamed MS, Halim M, Wasoh H. Kinetics and Optimization of Lipophilic Kojic Acid Derivative Synthesis in Polar Aprotic Solvent Using Lipozyme RMIM and Its Rheological Study. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020501. [PMID: 29495254 PMCID: PMC6017067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of kojic acid derivative (KAD) from kojic and palmitic acid (C16:0) in the presence of immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (commercially known as Lipozyme RMIM), was studied using a shake flask system. Kojic acid is a polyfunctional heterocycles that acts as a source of nucleophile in this reaction allowing the formation of a lipophilic KAD. In this study, the source of biocatalyst, Lipozyme RMIM, was derived from the lipase of Rhizomucor miehei immobilized on weak anion exchange macro-porous Duolite ES 562 by the adsorption technique. The effects of solvents, enzyme loading, reaction temperature, and substrate molar ratio on the reaction rate were investigated. In one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) experiments, a high reaction rate (30.6 × 10−3 M·min−1) of KAD synthesis was recorded using acetone, enzyme loading of 1.25% (w/v), reaction time of 12 h, temperature of 50 °C and substrate molar ratio of 5:1. Thereafter, a yield of KAD synthesis was optimized via the response surface methodology (RSM) whereby the optimized molar ratio (fatty acid: kojic acid), enzyme loading, reaction temperature and reaction time were 6.74, 1.97% (w/v), 45.9 °C, and 20 h respectively, giving a high yield of KAD (64.47%). This condition was reevaluated in a 0.5 L stirred tank reactor (STR) where the agitation effects of two impellers; Rushton turbine (RT) and pitch-blade turbine (PBT), were investigated. In the STR, a very high yield of KAD synthesis (84.12%) was achieved using RT at 250 rpm, which was higher than the shake flask, thus indicating better mixing quality in STR. In a rheological study, a pseudoplastic behavior of KAD mixture was proposed for potential application in lotion formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurazwa Ishak
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Firdaus B Lajis
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rosfarizan Mohamad
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Arbakariya B Ariff
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Shamzi Mohamed
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Murni Halim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Helmi Wasoh
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|