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Marcellino A, Bloise S, Pirone C, Brandino G, Barberi A, Del Giudice E, Martucci V, Sanseviero M, Ventriglia F, Lubrano R. Increased Measured GFR and Proteinuria in Children with Previous Infection by SARS-CoV-2: Should We Be Concerned? Microorganisms 2025; 13:1008. [PMID: 40431181 PMCID: PMC12113866 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13051008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2025] [Revised: 04/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Over the past 3 years, several kidney complications in children with severe involvement by SARS-CoV-2 have been described. However, literature data are still lacking regarding possible kidney injury in children with paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, we retrospectively evaluated renal function in those patients. Children between 3 and 18 years, without any renal disease, with previous paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection from May 2020 to March 2022, were recruited at our post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic. We retrospectively collected: Glomerular filtration rate, Fractional-excretion-of-sodium (FENa), tubular-reabsorption-of-phosphate (TRP), calcium-creatinine-urine ratio (CaU/CrU); proteinuria/m2/day and microhematuria by urine cytofluorometry. A total of 148 children were enrolled after a median period of 3 (IQR 6) months after infection. Twenty-six patients (17.6%) had reduced GFR, fifty (33.9%) had hyperfiltration, eleven (7.4%) had abnormal FENa and/or TRP, twenty-two (14.9%) had hypercalciuria, seventy-eight (52.7%) had pathological daily proteinuria. Microhematuria was found in sixteen (10.9%) subjects. Hyperfiltration was more prevalent among males (38.9% vs. 22.4%, p = 0.027); CaU/CrU [median 0.08 (IQR 0.09) vs. 0.13 (IQR 0.13) p = 0.003] was significantly higher in females. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 could determine, in a significant proportion of children, kidney damage characterized by hyperfiltration, proteinuria, and hematuria, warranting strict follow-up in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Marcellino
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Silvia Bloise
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Carmelo Pirone
- Dermatopathic Institute of the Immaculate (IDI-IRCCS), 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Brandino
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Antonio Barberi
- Radiology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Del Giudice
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Vanessa Martucci
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Mariateresa Sanseviero
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Flavia Ventriglia
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Riccardo Lubrano
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Maternal-Child Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (G.B.); (E.D.G.); (V.M.); (M.S.); (F.V.)
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