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Lathan HS, Kwan A, Takats C, Tanner JP, Wormer R, Romero D, Jones HE. Ethical considerations and methodological uses of Facebook data in public health research: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med 2023; 322:115807. [PMID: 36889221 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since 2016, around seven in 10 adults in the United States (U.S.) actively use Facebook. While much Facebook data is publicly available for research, many users may not understand how their data are being used. We sought to examine to what extent research ethical practices were employed and the research methods being used with Facebook data in public health research. METHODS We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO registration CRD42020148170) of social media-based public health research focused on Facebook published in peer-reviewed journals in English between January 1, 2006 and October 31, 2019. We extracted data on ethical practices, methodology, and data analytic approaches. For studies that included verbatim user content, we attempted to locate users/posts within a timed 10-min period. RESULTS Sixty-one studies met eligibility criteria. Just under half (48%, n = 29) sought IRB approval and six (10%) sought and obtained informed consent from Facebook users. Users' written content appeared in 39 (64%) papers, of which 36 presented verbatim quotes. We were able to locate users/posts within 10 min for half (50%, n = 18) of the 36 studies containing verbatim content. Identifiable posts included content about sensitive health topics. We identified six categories of analytic approaches to using these data: network analysis, utility (i.e., usefulness of Facebook as a tool for surveillance, public health dissemination, or attitudes), associational studies of users' behavior and health outcomes, predictive model development, and two types of content analysis (thematic analysis and sentiment analysis). Associational studies were the most likely to seek IRB review (5/6, 83%), while those of utility (0/4, 0%) and prediction (1/4, 25%) were the least likely to do so. CONCLUSIONS Stronger guidance on research ethics for using Facebook data, especially the use of personal identifiers, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Stuart Lathan
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Kwan
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney Takats
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua P Tanner
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Wormer
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Romero
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Heidi E Jones
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA; City University of New York Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Lv L, Lin XQ, Chen Y, Chen HD, Zhang MX, Shao H, Tung TH, Zhu JS. Adverse reactions to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease: The effect of anxiety. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2136435. [PMID: 36287551 PMCID: PMC9746530 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2136435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that patients with chronic liver disease are at a higher risk of contracting novel coronavirus pneumonia than healthy individuals, and many guidelines state that patients with chronic liver disease should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination, but there are a few studies on its safety in CLD patients. We aimed to evaluate the safety of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with chronic liver disease, and the effect of anxiety on adverse reactions. A questionnaire survey for self-administered post-vaccination adverse reaction monitoring was conducted from June 17, 2021, to August 11, 2021, in patients with chronic liver disease attending a tertiary care hospital in Taizhou, China. We analyzed the data from of a total of 160 participants who scanned the QR code on social media to respond to the questionnaire. The overall incidence of adverse reactions after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease was 44.4% (71/160), and the most common adverse reaction was local injection site reaction, accounting for 80.3% of adverse reactions (57/71). No serious adverse reactions were reported. Approximately 53.1% of the patients had anxiety about vaccination, and 51.8% of those who felt anxious reported adverse reactions. The safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease is good, and there is a strong association between adverse reactions and vaccine anxiety. Pre-vaccination education for patients with vaccine anxiety and psychological counseling may reduce reports of adverse reactions and improve patients' confidence in the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - He-Dan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Xian Zhang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China,Tao-Hsin Tung Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China,CONTACT Jian-Sheng Zhu Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai317000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ilesanmi MM, Abonyi S, Pahwa P, Gerdts V, Scwandt M, Neudorf C. Trends, barriers and enablers to measles immunisation coverage in Saskatchewan, Canada: A mixed methods study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277876. [PMID: 36417461 PMCID: PMC9683619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many social, cultural, and systemic challenges affect the uptake of measles immunisation services. Prior studies have looked at the caregivers' perspectives, but little is known about the perspectives of the health care providers on the barriers of measles immunisation services in Canada. This study examined measles immunisation coverage trends across the regional health authorities in Saskatchewan and explored the barriers and enablers to measles immunisation coverage from providers' perspectives. The study adopted an explanatory sequential mixed method. We utilized the entire population of 16,582 children under two years of age available in the Saskatchewan Immunisation Management System (SIMS) registry for 2002 and 2013 in aggregate format and interviewed 18 key informants in pre-determined two-stages in 2016 and 2017. The quantitative analysis was done with Joinpoint regression modelling, while the qualitative interview data was analyzed using hybrid inductive and deductive thematic approaches. There was a 16.89%-point increase in measles immunisation coverage in the province from 56.32% to 73.21% between 2002 and 2013. There was also a persistently higher coverage among the affluent (66.95% - 82.37%) than the most deprived individuals (45.79% - 62.60%) in the study period. The annual rate of coverage change was marginally higher among the most deprived (16.81%; and average annual percentage change (AAPC) 2.0, 95% CI 1.7-2.2) than among the affluent group (15.42% and AAPC 3.0; 95% CI 2.0-4.0). While access-related issues, caregivers' fears, hesitancy, anti-vaccination challenges, and resource limitations were barriers to immunisation, improving community engagement, service delivery flexibility, targeted social responses and increasing media role were found useful to address the uptake of measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases immunisation. There is low coverage and inequity in measles immunisation uptake in Saskatchewan from social and institutional barriers. Even though there is evidence of disparity reduction among the different groups, the barriers to increasing measles immunisation coverage have implications for the health of the socio-economically deprived groups, the healthcare system and other vaccination programs. There is a need to improve policy framework for community engagement, targeted programs, and public health discourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M. Ilesanmi
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Sylvia Abonyi
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Punam Pahwa
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Michael Scwandt
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health, Office of the Chief Medical Health Officer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cordell Neudorf
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Health Surveillance & Reporting, Saskatchewan Health Authority (SHA), Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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4
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Wang C, Huang N, Lu QB, Black S, Liang X, Cui F. Change in adverse event reporting following immunization of hepatitis B vaccine among infants between 2013 to 2020 before and after the vaccine administration law in China. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956473. [PMID: 36248783 PMCID: PMC9561938 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) has been routinely recommended as part of the immunization program in China and has had a satisfactory safety and effectiveness profile in protecting infants from hepatitis B virus infection. We evaluated the surveillance sensitivity and changes over time of AEFI reports related to HepB among infants based on the consistent national data before and after the introduction of vaccine administration law (LAW) from 2013 to 2020 in China. Methods AEFI records were extracted from the Chinese National AEFI Surveillance System from 2013 to 2020. According to the proportion of different kinds of HepB vaccines distributed, the annual administration data of the most distributed HepB produced by Bio-Kangtai and its corresponding adverse reaction reports were collected and analyzed. We categorized the time interval into the pre-LAW period (2013 to 2017), transition period (2018 to 2019), and LAW period (2020) to demonstrate the impact of LAW on the surveillance patterns of AEFIs. Results The annual AEFI rates increased from 3.1/100,000 to 14.8/100,000 over this period in total. The rate ratio for the post-LAW period and pre-LAW period was 2.19 (95%CI: 2.10, 2.29). Common reactions occupied 87.6% of the total reported AEFIs whose rate was recorded as 7.9/100,000. Rare reactions occupied 9.1% of the total AEFIs showing an average rate of 0.8/100,000, of which anaphylaxis accounted for over 80%, with the rate ratio of the transition period and LAW period as 1.36 (95%CI:1.22, 1.52) and 1.14 (95%CI:0.95, 1.35), respectively. Children receiving more than one vaccine showed a higher proportion of fever, anaphylaxis, and febrile convulsions, which were suggested to be a result of vaccine co-administration vaccines, such as the DPT and Polio vaccine. Conclusion Most reactions were mild and self-limited and the rates of rare more serious events remained stable. The LAW has largely increased the surveillance capability and sensitivity on AEFIs of HepB and also contributes to enhancing public confidence in HepB immunization. Hepatitis B vaccination is a safe and effective means of preventing the complications of hepatitis B disease and continuous standardized AEFI investigation and assessment of causal association should be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ninghua Huang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research and Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Steven Black
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Liang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research and Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fuqiang Cui,
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Imai K, Tanaka F, Kawano S, Esaki K, Arakawa J, Nishiyama T, Seno S, Hatanaka K, Sugiura T, Kodama Y, Yamada S, Iwamoto S, Takeshima S, Abe N, Kamae C, Aono S, Ito T, Yamamoto T, Mizuguchi Y. Incidence and Risk Factors of Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions and Immunization Stress-related Responses With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY: IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2667-2676.e10. [PMID: 35953016 PMCID: PMC9359595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background With the implementation of mass vaccination campaigns against COVID-19, the safety of vaccine needs to be evaluated. Objective We aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors for immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHSR) and immunization stress–related responses (ISRR) with the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Methods This nested case-control study included recipients who received the Moderna vaccine at a mass vaccination center, Japan. Recipients with IHSR and ISRR were designated as cases 1 and 2, respectively. Controls 1 and 2 were selected from recipients without IHSR or ISRR and matched (1 case: 4 controls) with cases 1 and cases 2, respectively. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with IHSR and ISRR. Results Of the 614,151 vaccine recipients who received 1,201,688 vaccine doses, 306 recipients (cases 1) and 2478 recipients (cases 2) showed 318 events of IHSR and 2558 events of ISRR, respectively. The incidence rates per million doses were estimated as IHSR: 266 cases, ISRR: 2129 cases, anaphylaxis: 2 cases, and vasovagal syncope: 72 cases. Risk factors associated with IHSR included female, asthma, atopic dermatitis, thyroid diseases, and a history of allergy; for ISRR, the risk factors were younger age, female, asthma, thyroid diseases, mental disorders, and a history of allergy and vasovagal reflex. Conclusion In the mass vaccination settings, the Moderna vaccine can be used safely owing to the low incidence rates of IHSR and anaphylaxis. However, providers should be aware of the occurrence of ISRR. Although recipients with risk factors are associated with slightly increased risks of IHSR and ISRR, this is not of sufficient magnitude to warrant special measures regarding their vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Imai
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; NBC Countermeasure Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fumika Tanaka
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kawano
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotoba Esaki
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; NBC Countermeasure Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Arakawa
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; NBC Countermeasure Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishiyama
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Seno
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hatanaka
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Sugiura
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Kodama
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seigo Yamada
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Iwamoto
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Takeshima
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobujiro Abe
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; NBC Countermeasure Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Kamae
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Eastern Army Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Aono
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Ito
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamamoto
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; NBC Countermeasure Medical Unit, Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Mizuguchi
- Self-Defence Forces Tokyo Large-scale Vaccination Centre, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Urology, Self-Defence Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Takano T, Hirose M, Yamasaki Y, Hara M, Okada T, Kunishima H. Investigation of the incidence of immunisation stress-related response following COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:735-740. [PMID: 35190259 PMCID: PMC8825314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Safe vaccination worldwide is critical to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to evaluate adverse reactions to vaccination using a web-based questionnaire and examine the risk factors for the occurrence of immunisation stress-related response (ISRR). Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey using Google Form® among the employees of St. Marianna University Hospital who had received the COVID-19 vaccine between April 2021 and May 2021, 1 week after the first and second vaccinations. We developed and used a questionnaire to identify individuals with ISRR according to the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. A generalised linear mixed model was constructed with ISRR onset as the dependent variable, subjects as the random factor, and each parameter as a fixed factor. A multivariate model was constructed using the forced imputation method with factors that were significant in the univariate analysis. Results We enrolled 2,073 and 1,856 respondents in the first and second questionnaire surveys, respectively. Fifty-five and 33 ISRR cases were identified in the first and second vaccinations, respectively. In the univariate analysis, strong pre-vaccination anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–4.12, p = 0·004) and history of allergy (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.14–2.24, p = 0·007) were significant risk factors. Multivariate analysis also showed that strong pre-vaccination anxiety (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.15–3.80, p = 0.016) and history of allergy (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.09–2.15, p = 0.014) were significant risk factors. Conclusions Confirmation of allergy prior to vaccination and subsequent action are essential for addressing ISRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Takano
- Department of Infectious Disease, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Hirose
- Division of General Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Yamasaki
- Department of Infectious Disease, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hara
- Division of Cardiology and Health Service Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okada
- Department of Otolaryngology and Health Service Centre, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kunishima
- Department of Infectious Disease, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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7
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Llavona-Ortiz JY, Spanos KE, Kraschnewski JL, D’Souza G, Myrick JG, Sznajder KK, Calo WA. Associations Between Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Decisions and Exposure to Vaccine Information in Social Media. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221138404. [PMID: 36394959 PMCID: PMC9679613 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221138404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure to different types of vaccine information in social media can result in parents making disparate vaccine decisions, including not following national guidelines for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. We sought to characterize parents' exposure to and engagement with information about HPV vaccination in social media, and the associations between exposure to such information and vaccine decisions for their adolescent children. METHODS In 2019, we conducted a web-based survey with a national sample of 1073 parents of adolescents who use social media. The survey assessed whether parents have seen information in favor, against, or mixed about HPV vaccination. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed correlates of vaccine decisions, including HPV vaccine initiation, delay, and refusal. RESULTS Sixty-one percent of parents reported that their children have initiated HPV vaccination. Over one-third of parents (37%) reported seeing HPV vaccine information on social media, which was either in favor (20%), against (5%), or a mix (12%). Parents exposed to information in favor were more likely than those who saw no information to have initiated HPV vaccination (OR = 1.74, 95% CI:1.24, 2.44). Parents exposed to information against vaccination were more likely to have delayed (OR = 3.29, 95% CI:1.66, 6.51) or refused (OR = 4.72, 95% CI:2.35, 9.50) HPV vaccination. Exposure to mixed information was also significantly associated with vaccine delay and refusal. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the type of information seen on social media regarding HPV vaccination may influence the decisions parents make about vaccinating their children. Efforts should be sought to increase online information in favor of HPV vaccination and combat vaccine misinformation in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer L. Kraschnewski
- Department of Public Health
Sciences, Penn State College of
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gail D’Souza
- Department of Public Health
Sciences, Penn State College of
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Gall Myrick
- Donald P. Bellisario College of
Communications, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kristin K. Sznajder
- Department of Public Health
Sciences, Penn State College of
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - William A. Calo
- Department of Public Health
Sciences, Penn State College of
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Penn State Cancer
Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
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8
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Li G, Finn A, Pollard AJ. Should we be vaccinating children against COVID-19 in high-income countries? Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1043-1046. [PMID: 34224291 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1951245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Li
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine (CCVTM), Oxford, UK
| | - Adam Finn
- Bristol Vaccine Centre, Schools of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Level 6, UHBW Education and Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine (CCVTM), Oxford, UK
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Larson HJ, Sahinovic I, Balakrishnan MR, Simas C. Vaccine safety in the next decade: why we need new modes of trust building. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2020-003908. [PMID: 34011503 PMCID: PMC8137162 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the realm of highly varied vaccine perceptions and concerns expressed by publics around the world, vaccine safety is the most frequently cited. While many of the safety questions raised have substantial evidence to address the concerns, vaccines do have small risks, and need vigilant and responsive systems to address them. With more and more new vaccines, combinations of vaccines and new technologies to develop and deliver them, new safety concerns will arise that need attention. Adding to this landscape is the dramatic impact which digital communication has had on how fast rumours and vaccine concerns can spread, making the task of the public health and scientific community even more pressing. One of the more recently characterised vaccine safety issues, now named 'immunisation stress-related-response,' has gained particularly high visibility given these highly globally connected social media networks. To better anticipate and address these rapidly shared vaccine safety concerns, a number of global efforts and local responses are being made. Co-created social media campaigns engaging parents and adolescents have been effective, while the WHO's Vaccine Safety Net (VSN) initiative has grown its global network to increase awareness about vaccines and contribute to building confidence in vaccines. The VSN reviews websites around the world to assess their quality and accuracy to ensure and promote access to trustworthy and science-based information on vaccine safety for internet users. These and the efforts of the multiple network partners are more crucial than ever to sustain public confidence in this evolving vaccine safety landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi J Larson
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Clarissa Simas
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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10
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Karafillakis E, Martin S, Simas C, Olsson K, Takacs J, Dada S, Larson HJ. Methods for Social Media Monitoring Related to Vaccination: Systematic Scoping Review. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e17149. [PMID: 33555267 PMCID: PMC7899807 DOI: 10.2196/17149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social media has changed the communication landscape, exposing individuals to an ever-growing amount of information while also allowing them to create and share content. Although vaccine skepticism is not new, social media has amplified public concerns and facilitated their spread globally. Multiple studies have been conducted to monitor vaccination discussions on social media. However, there is currently insufficient evidence on the best methods to perform social media monitoring. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the methods most commonly used for monitoring vaccination-related topics on different social media platforms, along with their effectiveness and limitations. Methods A systematic scoping review was conducted by applying a comprehensive search strategy to multiple databases in December 2018. The articles’ titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by two reviewers using inclusion and exclusion criteria. After data extraction, a descriptive analysis was performed to summarize the methods used to monitor and analyze social media, including data extraction tools; ethical considerations; search strategies; periods monitored; geolocalization of content; and sentiments, content, and reach analyses. Results This review identified 86 articles on social media monitoring of vaccination, most of which were published after 2015. Although 35 out of the 86 studies used manual browser search tools to collect data from social media, this was time-consuming and only allowed for the analysis of small samples compared to social media application program interfaces or automated monitoring tools. Although simple search strategies were considered less precise, only 10 out of the 86 studies used comprehensive lists of keywords (eg, with hashtags or words related to specific events or concerns). Partly due to privacy settings, geolocalization of data was extremely difficult to obtain, limiting the possibility of performing country-specific analyses. Finally, 20 out of the 86 studies performed trend or content analyses, whereas most of the studies (70%, 60/86) analyzed sentiments toward vaccination. Automated sentiment analyses, performed using leverage, supervised machine learning, or automated software, were fast and provided strong and accurate results. Most studies focused on negative (n=33) and positive (n=31) sentiments toward vaccination, and may have failed to capture the nuances and complexity of emotions around vaccination. Finally, 49 out of the 86 studies determined the reach of social media posts by looking at numbers of followers and engagement (eg, retweets, shares, likes). Conclusions Social media monitoring still constitutes a new means to research and understand public sentiments around vaccination. A wide range of methods are currently used by researchers. Future research should focus on evaluating these methods to offer more evidence and support the development of social media monitoring as a valuable research design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Karafillakis
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Confidence Project, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Martin
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Confidence Project, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clarissa Simas
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Confidence Project, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Olsson
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockhom, Sweden
| | - Judit Takacs
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockhom, Sweden.,Centre for Social Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sara Dada
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Confidence Project, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Jane Larson
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Confidence Project, London, United Kingdom.,Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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11
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McMurtry CM. Managing immunization stress-related response: A contributor to sustaining trust in vaccines. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 2020; 46:210-218. [PMID: 32673376 DOI: 10.4745/ccdr.v46i06a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adverse events following immunizations (AEFI) are important to identify and manage effectively so as to sustain trust in vaccines and optimize health. The AEFI category related to "anxiety about the immunization" was considered problematic as it did not adequately capture the range of stress responses that can occur. The currently used term for this category, immunization stress-related responses (ISRR), is broader, including the full spectrum of signs and symptoms that can arise in response to stress. ISRR can include vasovagal reactions (fainting), hyperventilation and functional neurological symptoms (e.g. weakness, nonepileptic seizures). It is based on a biopsychosocial framework in which biological (e.g. age, sex), psychological (e.g. preparedness, previous experiences, anxiety) and social factors (e.g. response by others, social media) interact to create an individual's stress response to the immunization process. New guidance is available on prevention, early detection and management of ISRRs which is summarized in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meghan McMurtry
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON.,Pediatric Chronic Pain Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON.,Adjunct Research Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON.,Associate Scientist, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON
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12
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Egoavil CM, Tuells J, Carreras JJ, Montagud E, Pastor-Villalba E, Caballero P, Nolasco A. Trends of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Reports of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in the Valencian Community—Spain (2008–2018). Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010117. [PMID: 32131535 PMCID: PMC7157534 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine safety surveillance is essential in vaccination programs. We accomplished a descriptive study of surveillance AEFI-reporting rate in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine administered in the Valencian Community, Spain. Data were obtained from Spanish Pharmacovigilance Adverse Reactions Data (FEDRA). Reporting rates were calculated using local net doses distributed as the denominator. Trends were assessed using joinpoint regression with annual percent change (APC) reported. The AEFI-reports decreased between 2008 and 2018 in two periods, a fast decreasing rate from 2009 to 2011 (from 192.2 to 24.93 per 100000 doses; APC, −54.9%; 95%CI [−75.2; −17.7]), followed by a stable trend (−13% APC, 95%CI [−26.1; 2.4]). For the age group analysis, only the group aged 14–15 years old followed the same trend with -58.4% (95%CI [−73.9; −33.8]) APC during 2008–2011, and −8.8% (95%CI [−27.7; 15]) APC during 2011-2018. The majority of the reports (73.82%) were nonserious, involving reactions at or near the vaccination site, headache, and dizziness events. No death was reported. AEFI-reporting rates for HPV immunization in the Valencian Community have decreased considerably with two trend periods observed for girls aged 14–15 years old. Currently, the AEFI reporting rate shows a decreasing trend, perhaps following the Weber effect, and it could also be affected by media attention and coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia M. Egoavil
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| | - José Tuells
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (P.C.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan José Carreras
- Centro de Farmacovigilancia de la Comunidad Valenciana, Dirección General de Farmacia y Productos Sanitarios, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Emilia Montagud
- Hospital Universitario del Vinalopó, Elche, 03293 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Eliseo Pastor-Villalba
- Dirección General de Salud Pública y Adicciones. Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, 46021 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Pablo Caballero
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (P.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Andreu Nolasco
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (P.C.); (A.N.)
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13
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Murillo R, Ordóñez-Reyes C. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: from clinical studies to immunization programs. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29:1317-1326. [PMID: 31455660 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2019-000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have decreased in high-income countries, but low- and middle-income countries continue to bear a significant burden from the disease. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are a promising alternative for disease control; however, their introduction is slow in settings with greater need. We conducted a review of HPV vaccine efficacy and effectiveness reported in clinical trials and population-based studies. Efficacy of HPV vaccines is close to 100% when using a three-dose schedule in HPV-negative young women (<25 years old) for protection against persistent infection and HPV vaccine-type associated pre-cancerous lesions. Furthermore, sustained protection for up to 12 years of follow-up has been demonstrated; cross-protection against non-vaccine types is particularly observed for the bivalent vaccine, and preliminary data regarding impact on invasive cancer have emerged. Given its lower efficacy, catch-up vaccination beyond 19 years of age and proposals for vaccinating adult women deserve careful evaluation in accurately designed studies and economic analyses. Despite positive results regarding immunogenicity and post-hoc analysis for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia in clinical trials, population-based data for prime and booster two-dose schedules are not available. Evaluation of vaccine safety from surveillance systems in immunization programs that have already distributed more than 270 million doses found no association of HPV vaccination with serious side effects. The introduction of HPV vaccination in national immunization programs remains the main challenge in tackling the burden of cervical cancer (up to 2018, only 89 countries have introduced vaccination worldwide, and most of these are high-income countries). Access models and technical capacity require further development to help low- and middle-income countries to increase the pace of vaccine delivery. Alternative approaches such as one-dose schedules and vaccination at younger ages may help reduce the programmatic and economic challenges to adolescent vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Murillo
- Centro Javeriano de Oncología, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Colombia .,Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Camila Ordóñez-Reyes
- Centro Javeriano de Oncología, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Colombia
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Ortiz RR, Smith A, Coyne-Beasley T. A systematic literature review to examine the potential for social media to impact HPV vaccine uptake and awareness, knowledge, and attitudes about HPV and HPV vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 15:1465-1475. [PMID: 30779682 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1581543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the findings from a systematic literature review to examine how social media may impact HPV vaccine uptake and HPV and HPV vaccine related awareness, knowledge, and attitudes. Study inclusion criteria was original data collection of at least one data point about social media and HPV and/or HPV vaccination, such that the study provided insight into how social media content may influence HPV and HPV vaccine related knowledge, attitudes, and/or behaviors. A total of 44 relevant articles were identified using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Communication Source, Sociological Abstracts, Business Source Elite, and the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC). Most studies analyzed the valence, type, and frequency of social media content about HPV vaccination, and some found associations between potential exposure to negative, anti-vacc`11qine content and lower vaccination rates. Some studies that included primary human subject data collection found that engagement with HPV related social media content was associated with improved awareness and knowledge but not with increased vaccine uptake. The literature overall is lacking in systematic and rigorous research examining the effects of social media on HPV related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors and needs further examination as social media increasingly becomes a source of health information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Ortiz
- a S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications, Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Andrea Smith
- a S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications, Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Tamera Coyne-Beasley
- b School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
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