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Althomali MM, Almalki AS, Alotaibi SM, Alsalman AM, Alqhatani SM, Shehab GM, Abdel-Moneim AS. Navigating Vaccine Uncertainty: Anxiety and Fourth Dose Hesitancy Among Saudi Adults. Cureus 2023; 15:e48766. [PMID: 38098907 PMCID: PMC10719428 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The continuous evolution of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and early evidence of declining effectiveness of the third dose over time have generated anxiety and hesitancy regarding vaccinations. The current study aimed to assess anxiety levels and the willingness to receive a fourth dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Potential factors leading to this reluctance were also assessed. Methodology This was a cross-sectional cohort study conducted among the adult Saudi population. A questionnaire including demographic data, questions regarding Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) assessment, and questions related to accepting the vaccine and reasons for hesitancy was employed. Results Of the 1,924 participants who responded, 1,033 were males, and 891 were females. Among the respondents, a significant level of anxiety toward receiving the fourth dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was reported in 1,097 cases, representing 57% of the total, with varying degrees of anxiety. Both gender and age were identified as co-factors contributing to this anxiety. A substantial portion of the participants, 1,369 individuals, accounting for 71.2%, exhibited vaccine hesitancy and reluctance to receive the fourth dose. Conclusions Our findings underscore the pressing need for targeted interventions to combat vaccine hesitancy and alleviate associated anxieties, particularly among the adult Saudi population. As we persist in confronting the ongoing challenges brought about by the evolving pandemic, it is crucial that we customize our vaccination campaigns and communication strategies to tackle the apprehensions and hesitations of the Saudi population directly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gaber M Shehab
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
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Lee KH, Yoo JY, Park CJ, Ahn KH. Development of Nano-Sized Copper-Deposited Antimicrobial Air Filters Using a Mixed Melt-Blown Process. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2071. [PMID: 37513082 PMCID: PMC10386529 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Air purification devices, such as air purifiers, provide fresh air by filtering out airborne pollutants, dust, and other harmful substances using various filter systems. While air filters are generally effective in filtering pollutants such as dust, they encounter a challenge when filtering harmful microorganisms such as mites, bacteria, mold, and viruses. These microorganisms, which are present in public transport and public indoor spaces, tend to proliferate on the surface of the filter media, eventually reintroducing themselves into the air or causing unpleasant odors. To address this issue, herein, copper particles were prepared as one masterbatch and deposited on polypropylene (PP) pellets through plasma vacuum deposition to effectively filter dust and microorganisms and prevent their growth on the surface of the filter media. After adding 3-10 wt.% of the masterbatch to conventional PP pellets to fabricate a filter media, the distribution of copper on the surface of the filter media was observed through a scanning electron microscope. To verify the safety and effectiveness of the antimicrobial material, the filter media containing antimicrobial particles was tested using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus through a filter emission test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwan Lee
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gup, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Coway Environmental Technology Research Institute, Coway R&D Center, Seoul National University Research Park 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Yoo
- Coway Environmental Technology Research Institute, Coway R&D Center, Seoul National University Research Park 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Jung Park
- Coway Environmental Technology Research Institute, Coway R&D Center, Seoul National University Research Park 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ho Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gup, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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You Y, Li X, Chen B, Zou X, Liu G, Han X. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Influenza Vaccination among Older Adults in Southern China during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1197. [PMID: 37515013 PMCID: PMC10384555 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is prevalent globally, leading to severe morbidity and mortality. During the pandemic, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards influenza virus and vaccination were less investigated among southern Chinese older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted through the structured questionnaire among community healthcare centers in selected districts in Shenzhen, southern China from September to October 2021. KAP towards influenza virus and vaccination were analyzed. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify associated factors. Among 975 participants, 55.6% were reported to have received influenza vaccination ever, and 46.6% had taken influenza vaccination in 2020 during the pandemic. Only one-fifth of participants knew severe comorbidities happen among severe influenza cases. A total of 88.3% thought older adults should have influenza vaccination. COVID-19 vaccination history was associated with receiving influenza vaccination (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.32-2.80). People with a high-level income had better KAP towards influenza virus and vaccination. COVID-19 vaccination history was associated with the positive actions of influenza vaccination during the pandemic. Efforts should be made to promote the free influenza vaccination program widely and launch health education events on influenza and its vaccination regularly to improve KAP among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating You
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Binglin Chen
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinxin Han
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Radhi AH, Ibrahim ZH, Alhilifi R. The epidemiological pattern of seasonal influenza in four sentinel sites in Iraq. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2023; 17:e13134. [PMID: 37102059 PMCID: PMC10123395 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Influenza is an acute viral infection with significant morbidity and mortality. It occurs annually each winter, which is called seasonal influenza, and is preventable through safe vaccine. Aim The aim of this work is to know the epidemiological pattern of patients with seasonal influenza in Iraqi sentinel sites. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on records of patients who attended four sentinel sites and registered to have influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), and laboratory investigated. Results The total number of cases was 1124; 36.2% of them aged 19-39 years; 53.9% were female; 74.9% lived in urban areas; 64.3% diagnosed as ILI; and 35.7% as SARI; 15.9% had diabetes, 12.7% had heart disease, 4.8% had asthma, 3% had a chronic lung disease, and 2% had hematological disease; 94.6% did not get influenza vaccine. About COVID-19 vaccine, 69.4% were not vaccinated, 3.5% got only one dose, and 27.1% completed two doses. Only the SARI cases needed admission; among them, 95.7% were cured. 6.5% were diagnosed with influenza-A virus, 26.1% had COVID-19, and 67.5% were negative. Among those with influenza, 97.3% had H3N2 subtype and 2.7% had H1N1 pdm09. Conclusions The percentage of influenza virus in Iraq is relatively small. The age, classification of case (ILI or SARI), having diabetes, heart disease, or immunological disease, and taking COVID-19 vaccine have a significant association with influenza. Recommendations It is needed for similar sentinel sites in other health directorates and for rising health education about seasonal influenza and its vaccine.
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Understanding the Barriers and Attitudes toward Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Adult General Population: A Rapid Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010180. [PMID: 36680024 PMCID: PMC9861815 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a common respiratory infection associated with a substantial clinical, humanistic, and economic burden globally. Vaccines are essential to prevent and control influenza and are recommended by public-health agencies, such as the WHO and US CDC; however, vaccination rates vary considerably across the globe. This review aimed to investigate the perceived barriers and attitudes to influenza vaccination in the global population, in order to identify strategies that may improve influenza vaccination coverage. A structured literature search was undertaken to identify studies that reported on patient-reported attitudes towards influenza vaccination, focused on the adult general population in 16 prespecified countries. Eighty studies were included in this review. Negative attitude towards healthcare were found to be the most agreed upon barrier to vaccine uptake (31.1% agreement). The most agreed promoter of influenza vaccination was trust in healthcare services (62.0% agreement). Approximately 50% of participants intended to receive the influenza vaccine in the following season. To improve influenza vaccination coverage, healthcare workers must strengthen the foundation of substantial trust in healthcare services and provide educational materials that improve influenza vaccination knowledge among the adult general population.
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Marchese V, Storti S, Morganti C, Tiecco G, Degli Antoni M, Focà E, Castelli F, Quiros-Roldan E. Explorative study regarding influenza vaccine hesitancy among HIV-infected patients. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2046434. [PMID: 35357270 PMCID: PMC9196753 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2046434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There are scarce data regarding influenza vaccination among people with HIV infection (PWHIV). The goal of this explorative study is to assess hesitancy toward influenza vaccination in a group of PWHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was administered to 219 patients vaccinated at our clinic during the 2020–2021 campaign. It evaluated subjects’ adherence to influenza vaccine over the last three seasonal vaccination campaigns, vaccine confidence, complacency and convenience, and the effect of the pandemic on the choice to become vaccinated. The population was divided into two groups: fully adherent to influenza vaccine (all three campaigns, 117 patients) and non-fully adherent (one or two campaigns, 102 patients). Adherence increased in the non-fully adherent group in 2020–2021, but the pandemic did not affect the choice. Misbeliefs emerged: the influenza vaccine was considered protective against SARS-CoV-2 (22.8% of the total population); almost half of all patients thought the influenza vaccine could improve their CD4 T cell level (57.3% in fully adherent, 40.2% in non-fully adherent, p < .05). In 2020–2021 campaign, three quarters of the non-fully adherent group would not have been vaccinated in a location other than our clinic (75.5% vs. 88.9% in the fully adherent group, p < .05). Conclusively, offering a secure and private space for vaccination against influenza seems to encourage vaccination; healthcare professionals should improve counseling to increase adherence and correct misbeliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marchese
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Samuele Storti
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Morganti
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tiecco
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Melania Degli Antoni
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Focà
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Castelli
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Modeling Clinical Trajectory Status of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Over Time: A Method for Analyzing Discrete Longitudinal and Ordinal Outcomes. J Clin Transl Sci 2022; 6:e61. [PMID: 35720967 PMCID: PMC9161049 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2022.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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