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Li Y, Chen X, Liu L, Chen Y, Bi X, Chen Y, Zou J, Wang Z, Dong Z, Lu F. Alternatively activated macrophages at the recipient site improve fat graft retention by promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3235-3242. [PMID: 35570832 PMCID: PMC9170812 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response mediated by macrophages plays a role in tissue repair. Macrophages preferentially infiltrate the donor site and subsequently, infiltrate the recipient site after fat grafting. This study aimed to trace host‐derived macrophages and to evaluate the effects of macrophage infiltration at the recipient site during the early stage on long‐term fat graft retention. In our novel mouse model, all mice underwent simulated liposuction and were divided into 2 groups. The fat procurement plus grafting (Pro‐Grafting) group was engrafted with prepared fat (0.3 ml). The pro‐Grafting+M2 group was engrafted with prepared fat (0.3 ml) mixed with 1.0 × 106 GFP+M0 macrophages, and then, 2 ng IL‐4 was injected into the grafts on Day 3. In addition, 1.0 × 106 GFP+M0 macrophages were injected into the tail vein for tracing in the Pro‐Grafting group. As a result, GFP+macrophages first infiltrated the donor site and subsequently infiltrated the recipient site in the Pro‐Grafting group. The long‐term retention rate was higher in the Pro‐Grafting+M2 group (52% ± 6.5%) than in the Pro‐Grafting group (40% ± 3.5%). CD34+ and CD31+ areas were observed earlier, and expression of the adipogenic proteins PPAR‐γ, C/EBP and AP2 was higher in the Pro‐Grafting+M2 group than in the Pro‐Grafting group. The host macrophages preferentially infiltrate the donor site, and then, infiltrate the recipient site after fat grafting. At the early stage, an increase in macrophages at the recipient site may promote vascularization and regeneration, and thereby improve the fat graft retention rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Xinyao Chen
- The Plastic and Aesthetic Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Xin Bi
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Jialiang Zou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Zijue Wang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guang Zhou China
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2
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Wang Z, Chen Y, Zhu S, Chen X, Guan J, Yao Y, Wang X, Li Y, Lu F, Gao J, Dong Z. The effects of macrophage‐mediated inflammatory response to the donor site on long‐term retention of a fat graft in the recipient site in a mice model. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:10012-10023. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijue Wang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Shengqian Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xinyao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jingyan Guan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
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Liu L, Yu Q, Fu S, Wang B, Hu K, Wang L, Hu Y, Xu Y, Yu X, Huang H. CXCR4 Antagonist AMD3100 Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mobilization in Rats Preconditioned with the Hypoxia-Mimicking Agent Cobalt Chloride. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:466-478. [PMID: 29433375 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an attractive strategy for cell therapy. Our previous study demonstrated that MSCs can be mobilized in circulating blood by short-term hypoxia, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is essential for MSC mobilization. In the present study, the effect of the hypoxia-mimicking agent CoCl2 was examined on MSC mobilization. The results indicated that the frequency of circulating MSCs increased slightly by administration of CoCl2. However, the mobilization efficiency was low. Considering the critical role of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis in the regulation of MSC migration, the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 were investigated on MSC mobilization. The experiments were notably demonstrated in animals preconditioned with CoCl2. The frequency of colony-forming unit fibroblast and the proportion of CD45-CD90+ cells did not significantly increase in the peripheral blood of rats treated with G-CSF and/or AMD3100 alone. The concomitant administration of G-CSF with CoCl2 could not stimulate the release of MSCs. However, AMD3100 dramatically increased MSC mobilization efficiency in rats pretreated with CoCl2. Furthermore, we identified and compared the multilineage differentiation capacities of MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and mobilized peripheral blood (PB-MSCs). The results indicated that PB-MSCs exhibited higher osteogenic potential and lower adipogenic differentiation as compared with BM-MSCs. The findings may inform studies investigating mechanisms of the regulation of MSC mobilization and can aid in the development of clinically useful therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Liu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yu
- 2 College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Fu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binsheng Wang
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Limengmeng Wang
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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4
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Ge T, Yu Q, Liu W, Cong L, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhou L, Lin D. Characterization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from dimethyloxallyl glycine-preconditioned mice: Evaluation of the feasibility of dimethyloxallyl glycine as a mobilization agent. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3498-506. [PMID: 26935134 PMCID: PMC4805059 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) has been increasingly studied with regards to stem cell therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated that endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be mobilized into peripheral circulation by pharmaceutical preconditioning. In addition, our previous study confirmed that DMOG, as a novel mobilization agent, could induce mouse/rat MSC migration into peripheral blood circulation. Therefore, the present study conducted studies to characterize bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) collected from mice following DMOG intraperitoneal injection. The surface antigen immune phenotype, differentiation capability, proliferative ability, migratory capacity and paracrine capacity of the BM-MSCs collected from DMOG-preconditioned mice (DBM-MSCs) or normal saline-treated mice (NBM-MSCs) were evaluated by means of flow cytometry, differentiation induction, Cell Counting kit-8, Transwell assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Compared with NBM-MSCs, DBM-MSCs displayed a similar immune phenotype and multilineage differentiation capability, reduced proliferative ability and migratory capacity, and similar transforming growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor secretion capacity. These results provide a novel insight into the biological properties of BM-MSCs from mice preconditioned with DMOG. DBM-MSCs exhibited slightly distinct characteristics to NBM-MSCs; however, they may have therapeutic potential for future stem cell therapy. In addition, the present study suggested that DMOG may be used as a novel mobilization agent in future clinical trials as no adverse effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ge
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Li Cong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Deju Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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5
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Che X, Guo J, Li X, Wang L, Wei S. Intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells contributes to bone repair following midpalatal expansion in rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:681-8. [PMID: 26648442 PMCID: PMC4686095 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing from injury requires the activation and proliferation of stem cells for tissue repair. Previous studies have demonstrated that bone marrow is a central pool of stem cells. The present study aimed to investigate the route undertaken by bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) following BMMC transplantation by masseter injection in a rat model of midpalatal expansion. The rats were divided into five groups according to the types of midpalatal expansion, incision and BMMC transplantation. Samples of midpalatal bone from the rats in each group were used for histological and immunohistochemical assessments to track and evaluate the differential potentials of the transplanted BMMCs in the masseter muscle and midpalatal bone. Bromodeoxyuridine was used as a BMMC tracing label, and M-cadherin was used to detect muscle satellite cells. The BMMCs injected into the masseter were observed, not only in the masseter, but also in the blood vessels and oral mucosa, and enveloped the midpalatal bone. A number of the BMMCs transformed into osteoblasts at the boundary of the neuromuscular bundle, and were embedded in the newly formed bone during midpalatal bone regeneration. The results of the present study suggested that BMMCs entered the circulation and migrated from muscle to the bone tissue, where they were involved in bone repair. Therefore, BMMCs may prove useful in the treatment of various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Che
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Lve Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Silong Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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6
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A novel molecule Me6TREN promotes angiogenesis via enhancing endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and recruitment. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6222. [PMID: 25164363 PMCID: PMC5385830 DOI: 10.1038/srep06222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischaemia is the most severe clinical manifestation of peripheral arterial disease. The circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play important roles in angiogenesis and ischemic tissue repair. The increase of circulating EPC numbers by using mobilization agents is critical for obtaining a better therapeutic outcome in patients with ischemic disease. Here, we firstly report a novel small molecule, Me6TREN (Me6), can efficiently mobilize EPCs into the blood circulation. Single injection of Me6 induced a long-lasting increase in circulating Flk-1+ Sca-1+ EPC numbers. In a mouse hind limb ischemia (HLI) model, local intramuscular transplantation of these Me6-mobilized cells accelerated the blood flow restoration in the ischemic muscles. More importantly, systemic administration of Me6 notably increased the capillary density, arteriole density and regenerative muscle weight in the ischemic tissue of HLI. Mechanistically, we found Me6 reduced stromal cell-derived factor-1α level in bone marrow by up-regulation of matrix metallopeptidase-9 expression, which allowed the dissemination of EPCs into peripheral blood. These data indicate that Me6 may represent a potentially useful therapy for ischemic disease via enhancing autologous EPC recruitment and promote angiogenesis.
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Alvarez P, Carrillo E, Vélez C, Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-Amat A, Rodríguez-Serrano F, Boulaiz H, Ortiz R, Melguizo C, Prados J, Aránega A. Regulatory systems in bone marrow for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells mobilization and homing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:312656. [PMID: 23844360 PMCID: PMC3703413 DOI: 10.1155/2013/312656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell release, migration, and homing from the bone marrow (BM) and of the mobilization pathway involves a complex interaction among adhesion molecules, cytokines, proteolytic enzymes, stromal cells, and hematopoietic cells. The identification of new mechanisms that regulate the trafficking of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) cells has important implications, not only for hematopoietic transplantation but also for cell therapies in regenerative medicine for patients with acute myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, and stroke, among others. This paper reviews the regulation mechanisms underlying the homing and mobilization of BM hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, investigating the following issues: (a) the role of different factors, such as stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), among other ligands; (b) the stem cell count in peripheral blood and BM and influential factors; (c) the therapeutic utilization of this phenomenon in lesions in different tissues, examining the agents involved in HSPCs mobilization, such as the different forms of G-CSF, plerixafor, and natalizumab; and (d) the effects of this mobilization on BM-derived stem/progenitor cells in clinical trials of patients with different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Alvarez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - E. Carrillo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - C. Vélez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - F. Hita-Contreras
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Health Science, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - A. Martínez-Amat
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Health Science, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - F. Rodríguez-Serrano
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - H. Boulaiz
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - R. Ortiz
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Health Science, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - C. Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - J. Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - A. Aránega
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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8
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Steinmetz M, Pelster B, Lucanus E, Arnal JF, Nickenig G, Werner N. Atorvastatin-induced increase in progenitor cell levels is rather caused by enhanced receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) cell proliferation than by bone marrow mobilization. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 57:32-42. [PMID: 23295770 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins have been shown to increase the level of circulating progenitor cells in peripheral blood supposedly due to a mobilization of progenitor cells from the bone marrow niche. Osteoclast/osteoblast interaction has been associated with progenitor cell mobilization. Here, we investigated the role of statins on progenitor cell mobilization with a focus on bone metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS FGF2(-/-) and wild type (wt) mice were treated with atorvastatin or placebo. In contrast to wt mice, the number of sca-1/flk-1 positive progenitor cells in peripheral blood (PB) of atorvastatin treated FGF2(-/-) mice did not increase, and was accompanied by a defective reendothelialization after perielectric injury of the common carotid artery. In wt, but not FGF2(-/-) mice, statin treatment was associated with increased levels of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in bone marrow (BM) supernatant. Treatment with recombinant RANKL increased sca-1/flk-1 positive progenitors in FGF2(-/-) mice. Interestingly, osteoclast activation was not altered. To measure the egress of sca-1/flk-1 positive progenitor cells from the bone marrow, we performed in-situ perfusion experiments of isolated hind limbs. Mobilization was not significantly affected by atorvastatin in both wt and FGF2(-/-) mice. Furthermore, RANK - the specific receptor to RANKL - is expressed on progenitor cells, and RANKL stimulation increases cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Atorvastatin treatment increases RANKL levels with no measurable effect on bone metabolism and mobilization of progenitor cells from BM to PB. RANKL is essential for the statin-mediated increase of progenitor cell levels but predominantly due to a RANKL-induced stimulation of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Steinmetz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Germany
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9
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Pitchford SC, Rankin SM. Combinatorial stem cell mobilization in animal models. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 904:139-154. [PMID: 22890929 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-943-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that single therapies, such as G-CSF, have a limited capacity to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells from the bone marrow. As a consequence in ∼20% of patients insufficient numbers of HPCs are mobilized to perform a bone marrow transplant. Recent studies have shown synergistic mobilization of HPCs when G-CSF pretreatment is combined with acute administration of a CXCR4 antagonist suggesting that combinatorial therapies may have therapeutic potential. In addition to HPCs, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in the bone marrow. These progenitor cells contribute to tissue regeneration and there is currently much interest in identifying the factors and mechanisms that regulate their mobilization. We describe a methodology for an in situ perfusion system of the mouse hind limb that permits direct quantification of stem and progenitor cell egress from the bone marrow. Progenitor cells are quantified by colony forming assays and immunohistochemistry. A strength of the methodology described is the ability to simultaneously quantify the mobilization of HPCs, EPCs and MSCs. Using this system we have shown that it is possible to achieve differential mobilization of these stem cell subsets using discrete combination therapies. Identification of such novel pharmacological regimens that stimulate the selective mobilization of EPCs and MSCs might be exploited in the future for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Pitchford
- Leukocyte Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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10
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Gur-Cohen S, Lapid K, Lapidot T. Quantifying hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell mobilization. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 904:15-35. [PMID: 22890919 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-943-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic donor blood cells and autologous peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), obtained following -clinical mobilization procedures, are routinely used as a major source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) for transplantation protocols. It is, therefore, essential to evaluate and to quantify the extent by which the HSPC are mobilized and enriched in the circulation in correlation with their long-term hematopoietic reconstitution capacity. In this chapter, we describe quantitative methods that measure the number of mobilized HSPC according to specific criteria, as well as their functional properties in vitro and in vivo. The described assays are useful for assessment of progenitor cell mobilization as applied to both human and murine HSPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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11
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Liu L, Yu Q, Lin J, Lai X, Cao W, Du K, Wang Y, Wu K, Hu Y, Zhang L, Xiao H, Duan Y, Huang H. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Is Essential for Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mobilization into the Peripheral Blood. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 20:1961-71. [PMID: 21275821 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Du
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingjia Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangni Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifei Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Xiao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Duan
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Homing of endogenous stem/progenitor cells for in situ tissue regeneration: Promises, strategies, and translational perspectives. Biomaterials 2011; 32:3189-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Endothelial progenitor cells: Their potential role in pregnancy and preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2011; 1:48-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Watt SM, Athanassopoulos A, Harris AL, Tsaknakis G. Human endothelial stem/progenitor cells, angiogenic factors and vascular repair. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7 Suppl 6:S731-51. [PMID: 20843839 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0377.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization or new blood vessel formation is of utmost importance not only for tissue and organ development and for tissue repair and regeneration, but also for pathological processes, such as tumour development. Despite this, the endothelial lineage, its origin, and the regulation of endothelial development and function either intrinsically from stem cells or extrinsically by proangiogenic supporting cells and other elements within local and specific microenvironmental niches are still not fully understood. There can be no doubt that for most tissues and organs, revascularization represents the holy grail for tissue repair, with autologous endothelial stem/progenitor cells, their proangiogenic counterparts and the products of these cells all being attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Historically, a great deal of controversy has surrounded the identification and origin of cells and factors that contribute to revascularization, the use of such cells or their products as biomarkers to predict and monitor tissue damage and repair or tumour progression and therapeutic responses, and indeed their efficacy in revascularizing and repairing damaged tissues. Here, we will review the role of endothelial progenitor cells and of supporting proangiogenic cells and their products, principally in humans, as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for wound repair and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Watt
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cells and Immunotherapies, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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Curtis MJ. Troubleshooting pharmacological and toxicological methods. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2010; 61:65-6. [PMID: 20184960 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The majority of articles published in J Pharmacol Tox Methods describe new approaches, or modifications to those established (Curtis, 2006). However, even established methods have their limitations. It is part of the practice of research to troubleshoot: to identify methodological weaknesses and correct them. This process of troubleshooting is rarely acknowledged in research. The present issue of J Pharmacol Tox Methods draws on the expertise of the editorial board and their network of colleagues around the world to highlight how to troubleshoot the methods they use. We hope that the articles published herein with not only help those in the field to improve their research, but will also stimulate the community to feel more comfortable with the idea that improving established methods - and publishing the results - is a valuable part of the process. Now, and in the future, the journal will give its support and encouragement to the community to submit for publication papers that identify how to troubleshoot the methods they use.
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