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Mahachi LN, Chikwanha OC, Katiyatiya CL, Marufu MC, Aremu AO, Mapiye C. Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza juncea var. sericea) for sustainable small ruminant production: Feed, helminth suppressant and meat preservation capabilities. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Marie-Magdeleine C, Ceriac S, Barde DJ, Minatchy N, Periacarpin F, Pommier F, Calif B, Philibert L, Bambou JC, Archimède H. Evaluation of nutraceutical properties of Leucaena leucocephala leaf pellets fed to goat kids infected with Haemonchus contortus. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:280. [PMID: 32778099 PMCID: PMC7418410 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leucaena leucocephala, as a shrub legume rich in condensed tannins, is a candidate for the integrated control of gastrointestinal parasitic pathogen nematodes. Here, we investigated the anthelmintic potential of the nutraceutical L. leucocephala, transformed into pellets, against Haemonchus contortus. Results Creole goat kids were fed an iso-nitrogenous diet of Dichantium hay with alfalfa pellets or Leucaena pellets or an alfalfa–leucaena mixture in varying ratios. The artificial infection of kids with H. contortus led to infection levels comparable to those observed in the farm environment on the basis of egg excretion. The anthelmintic activity of Leucaena, compared to alfalfa, was demonstrated by its potential to reduce egg excretions (1524 vs. 3651 eggs/g) and the larval development of excreted eggs (3.5 vs. 24%). This anthelmintic potential was reported when the ratio of Leucaena incorporation in the diet was high (50% DM intake). The voluntary dry matter intake (79.3 vs. 77.0 g Large Weigth0.75), the total tract dry matter digestion (0.585 vs. 0.620), and the growth (57.1 vs. 71.3 g/d) of kids fed Leucaena compared to alfalfa indicate that Leucaena has a high feed value. The Leucaena, even at the highest intakes in the diets, has not shown any signs of poisoning in kids. Conclusions Leucaena fulfilled the conditions to be a good nutraceutical, and pelleting is a good method for its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Marie-Magdeleine
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Steve Ceriac
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Dingamgoto Jesse Barde
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Nathalie Minatchy
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Fred Periacarpin
- INRA UE1284, Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Frederic Pommier
- INRA UE1284, Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Brigitte Calif
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Lucien Philibert
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Jean-Christophe Bambou
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Harry Archimède
- INRAE, UR143, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, French West Indies, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe.
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Ceï W, Salah N, Alexandre G, Bambou J, Archimède H. Impact of energy and protein on the gastro-intestinal parasitism of small ruminants: A meta-analysis. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Quijada J, Drake C, Gaudin E, El-Korso R, Hoste H, Mueller-Harvey I. Condensed Tannin Changes along the Digestive Tract in Lambs Fed with Sainfoin Pellets or Hazelnut Skins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:2136-2142. [PMID: 29424229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The variable anthelmintic efficacy of condensed tannins (CT) against gastrointestinal nematodes may depend on CT concentration, composition, or fate along the digestive tract. We analyzed CT concentration and composition by acetone-HCl-butanol and thiolysis coupled to HPLC-MS in digesta and feces of lambs. Lambs had been infected with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis and received sainfoin pellets and hazelnut skins of contrasting prodelphinidin/procyanidin ratios. The digesta and feces had lower CT concentrations than the original feeds but similar concentration patterns across the digestive compartments. The changes in assayable CT concentrations between rumen, abomasum, and small intestine may be due to complex formation between CT and other dietary components. However, the large CT disappearance (61-85%) from feed to feces could also indicate that CT may have been structurally modified, degraded, or absorbed during digestion. Interestingly, there were no changes in the structural features of assayable CT in the digesta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Quijada
- INRA, UMR 1225 , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
| | - Christopher Drake
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development , University of Reading , P.O. Box 236, Reading RG6 6AT , United Kingdom
| | - Elodie Gaudin
- INRA, UMR 1225 , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
- MG2MIX, La Basse Haye , Châteaubourg F-35220 , France
| | - Ramzi El-Korso
- INRA, UMR 1225 , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
| | - Hervé Hoste
- INRA, UMR 1225 , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT , 23 Chemin des Capelles , Toulouse F-31076 , France
| | - Irene Mueller-Harvey
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development , University of Reading , P.O. Box 236, Reading RG6 6AT , United Kingdom
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Van Zyl EA, Botha FS, Eloff KJN, Msuntsha PP, Oosthuizen PA, Stevens C. The use of <i>Lespedeza cuneata</i> for natural control of gastrointestinal nematodes in Merino sheep. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 2017; 84:e1-e7. [PMID: 28470083 PMCID: PMC6238783 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lespedeza cuneata (poorman’s lucerne; sericea lespedeza), a tannin-rich perennial legume, was offered as hay to dry Merino ewes in a confined feeding experiment to evaluate the effect on the level of gastrointestinal parasite infection in sheep. Medicago sativa (a low tannin containing perennial legume) was used as the control treatment. Parameters faecal egg count (FEC), FAMACHA© scores and rectal temperatures were used. FECs were substantially lower (p = 0.05) in the Lespedeza group after 35 days, together with a trend of higher rectal temperatures, compared with the Medicago group. Although non-significant (p > 0.05), the higher rectal temperatures suggested a lower level of anaemia in the sheep on the Lespedeza ration and, therefore, a lower parasite-worm burden. However, FAMACHA© scores showed no significant (p > 0.05) differences between treatments despite the differences in FEC that were recorded, indicating that host homeostasis was possibly mediated by improved nutrition as a result of the high protein content of both experimental diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika A Van Zyl
- Dundee Research Station, KZN Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.
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Rathinam T, Gadde U, Chapman HD. Sericea Lespedeza has no anticoccidial effect when included in the diet of chickens infected with three species of Eimeria. Vet Parasitol 2014; 202:265-9. [PMID: 24594212 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Anticoccidial effects of Sericea Lespedeza (SL) included in the diet at different levels were evaluated in chickens following oral infection with sporulated oocysts of either Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima or Eimeria tenella. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the effect of SL upon the ability of the parasites to multiply in the intestine, and the effect on bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion following infection. Chicks infected with a low dose of oocysts (500 oocysts/bird) of E. acervulina or E. maxima did not show differences in the numbers of oocysts produced in the feces whether they were given 0, 1, 2, or 4% SL in the diet. There was no significant difference in the weight gain, feed intake, or FCR of birds infected with high doses of E. acervulina or E. maxima (200,000 or 100,000 oocysts/bird respectively) whether 0, 1, 2, or 4% SL was included in the feed. No significant difference in the numbers of oocysts in the feces, weight gain, feed intake, and FCR of birds infected with E. tenella (low dose of 500 oocysts; high dose of 50,000 oocysts per bird) whether 4% SL was included in the feed. The results of this study indicate that SL has no anticoccidial activity against Eimeria species in the chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rathinam
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - U Gadde
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - H D Chapman
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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The use of redberry juniper (Juniperus pinchotii) to reduce Haemonchus contortus fecal egg counts and increase ivermectin efficacy. Vet Parasitol 2013; 197:182-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Copani G, Hall JO, Miller J, Priolo A, Villalba JJ. Plant secondary compounds as complementary resources: are they always complementary? Oecologia 2012; 172:1041-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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von Son-de Fernex E, Alonso-Díaz MA, Valles-de la Mora B, Capetillo-Leal CM. In vitro anthelmintic activity of five tropical legumes on the exsheathment and motility of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae. Exp Parasitol 2012; 131:413-8. [PMID: 22652531 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the in vitro anthelmintic (AH) activity of five tropical legume plants [Arachis pintoi CIAT 22160 (A.p. 22160), Gliricidia sepium, Cratylia argentea (C.a. Yacapani), C. argentea CIAT 22386 (C.a. 22386), C. argentea Veranera (C.a. Veranera)] against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae and the role of tannins/polyphenolic compounds in the AH effect. Lyophilized leaf extracts of each plant were evaluated using the Larval Exsheathment Inhibition Assay (LEIA) and the larval migration inhibition assay (LMIA). The role of tannins/polyphenolic compounds in the AH effect was evaluated in both assays using polyethylene glycol (PEG) to remove tannins from the solutions. At the highest concentration (1200μg of extract/ml), A. pintoi 22160, C.a. Yacapani, C.a. Veranera and C.a. 22386 completely inhibited the exsheathment process of H. contortus (P<0.01). At the same concentration (1200μg of extract/ml), the inhibition of larval migration for C.a. 22386, C.a. Veranera and G. sepium was 66.0%, 35.9% and 39.2% (relative to the PBS control), respectively. In both bioassays (LEIA and LMIA), the AH effect shown by each plant was blocked after the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG), corroborating the role of tannins/polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke von Son-de Fernex
- Centro de Enseñanza Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 5.5 Carretera Federal Tlapacoyan-Martínez de la Torre, CP 93600, Veracruz, Mexico
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