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Pimentel PAB, Oliveira CSF, Horta RS. Epidemiological study of canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) in Brazil, 2000-2020. Prev Vet Med 2021; 197:105526. [PMID: 34740024 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a contagious neoplasm, mainly transmitted through coitus. This round cell mesenchymal tumor is common in Brazil, often located in the genitalia although extragenital presentations may also occur, such as cutaneous, oral, and nasal forms. The objective of this study was to perform an epidemiological analysis of CTVT from published data in the recent academic literature to systematically demonstrate the distribution of CTVT in Brazil, identify the frequency of this neoplasm and its main diagnostic tests, and characterize its main clinical manifestations in Brazil. For such purpose, it was analyzed the scientific publications with cases of CTVT in Brazil, in English or Portuguese, published between 2000-2020. The CTVT was identified in 19 Brazilian states plus the Federal District, totaling 3,622 cases across the national territory, with the largest number of cases recorded in the Southeast region. The cytological exam was the most used for the diagnosis of CTVT (89.2 %), followed by histopathological (37.8 %) and immunohistochemistry (13.5 %)1 . Predominant epidemiological aspects of CTVT identified in the study were: Mixed breed dogs (75.2 %), females (62.5 %), in adulthood (between 2 and 7 years) and dogs with free extra outdoor access (91.1 %). Genital presentation was the most frequent in the literature (86 %), followed by cutaneous (21.8 %), nasal (10 %), oral and lymph nodes presentations (10-5 %) and less frequent manifestations as ocular and anal/perianal (< 5 %). CTVT is a neoplasm widely distributed in Brazil, highly frequent and with several forms of clinical presentation, which can be underdiagnosed if there is no adequate knowledge of this tumor and its epidemiological characteristics. The extragenital manifestations of the neoplasm need further studies for its better characterization and more precise definition of its frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A B Pimentel
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Camila S F Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Horta
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Sereno D, Akhoundi M, Sayehmri K, Mirzaei A, Holzmuller P, Lejon V, Waleckx E. Noninvasive Biological Samples to Detect and Diagnose Infections due to Trypanosomatidae Parasites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1684. [PMID: 32121441 PMCID: PMC7084391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Unicellular eukaryotes of the Trypanosomatidae family include human and animal pathogens that belong to the Trypanosoma and Leishmania genera. Diagnosis of the diseases they cause requires the sampling of body fluids (e.g., blood, lymph, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid) or organ biopsies (e.g., bone marrow, spleen), which are mostly obtained through invasive methods. Body fluids or appendages can be alternatives to these invasive biopsies but appropriateness remains poorly studied. To further address this question, we perform a systematic review on clues evidencing the presence of parasites, genetic material, antibodies, and antigens in body secretions, appendages, or the organs or proximal tissues that produce these materials. Paper selection was based on searches in PubMed, Web of Science, WorldWideScience, SciELO, Embase, and Google. The information of each selected article (n = 333) was classified into different sections and data were extracted from 77 papers. The presence of Trypanosomatidae parasites has been tracked in most of organs or proximal tissues that produce body secretions or appendages, in naturally or experimentally infected hosts. The meta-analysis highlights the paucity of studies on human African trypanosomiasis and an absence on animal trypanosomiasis. Among the collected data high heterogeneity in terms of the I2 statistic (100%) is recorded. A high positivity is recorded for antibody and genetic material detection in urine of patients and dogs suffering leishmaniasis, and of antigens for leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. Data on conjunctival swabs can be analyzed with molecular methods solely for dogs suffering canine visceral leishmaniasis. Saliva and hair/bristles showed a pretty good positivity that support their potential to be used for leishmaniasis diagnosis. In conclusion, our study pinpoints significant gaps that need to be filled in order to properly address the interest of body secretion and hair or bristles for the diagnosis of infections caused by Leishmania and by other Trypanosomatidae parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Sereno
- Institut de Recherche pour le Dévelopement, Université de Montpellier, UMR INTERTRYP IRD, CIRAD, 34032 Montpellier, France; (V.L.); (E.W.)
- Institut de Recherche pour le Dévelopement, Université de Montpellier, UMR MIVEGEC IRD, CNRS, 34032 Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammad Akhoundi
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, 93000 Bobigny, France;
| | - Kourosh Sayehmri
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran;
| | - Asad Mirzaei
- Parasitology Department, Paramedical School, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran;
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran
| | - Philippe Holzmuller
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE “Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes”, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier (I-MUSE), 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Veerle Lejon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Dévelopement, Université de Montpellier, UMR INTERTRYP IRD, CIRAD, 34032 Montpellier, France; (V.L.); (E.W.)
| | - Etienne Waleckx
- Institut de Recherche pour le Dévelopement, Université de Montpellier, UMR INTERTRYP IRD, CIRAD, 34032 Montpellier, France; (V.L.); (E.W.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales «Dr Hideyo Noguchi», Universidad autònoma de yucatán, Merida, Yucatán 97000, Mexico
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Belinchón-Lorenzo S, Muñoz-Madrid R, Grano FG, Iniesta V, Fernández-Cotrina J, Parejo JC, Monroy I, Baz V, Gómez-Luque A, Barneto JL, Bordini CGG, Machado GF, Gómez-Nieto LC. Application of qPCR method to hair and cerumen samples for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis in Araçatuba, Brazil. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2019; 15:100267. [PMID: 30929937 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) remains a serious public health problem in Brazil. Dogs are the main hosts of the parasite, developing canine leishmaniosis (CanL), hence the importance of an accurate diagnosis of the animals. Recently, the application of qPCR method to non-invasive samples obtained from dogs with CanL has shown high sensitivity. Thus, we analyzed by qPCR blood, hair (from healthy zones and cutaneous lesions) and cerumen of 16 dogs with confirmed leishmaniosis from Araçatuba, a Brazilian endemic area. Cerumen-qPCR showed the highest sensitivity (87.5%), followed by hair (lesions: 78.57%, healthy skin: 62.5%), and blood (68.75%). We also analyzed blood, hair and cerumen of 5 healthy dogs from a non-endemic area, obtaining 100% of specificity in all samples. The use of cerumen and hair for qPCR analysis provides high reliability, taking into account the sensitivity and total specificity of the method. The non-invasive sampling procedure without the need of specific conditions of storage and transport support the usefulness of hair and cerumen for the diagnosis of CanL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Belinchón-Lorenzo
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Rubén Muñoz-Madrid
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fernanda Grecco Grano
- Laboratório de Patologia Aplicada (LApap), College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, SP CEP: 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Virginia Iniesta
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Cotrina
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parejo
- Genetics Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Isabel Monroy
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Victoria Baz
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Adela Gómez-Luque
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - José Luis Barneto
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carolina Grecco Grano Bordini
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias (CCA), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR CEP: 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Gisele Fabrino Machado
- Laboratório de Patologia Aplicada (LApap), College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, SP CEP: 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Gómez-Nieto
- LeishmanCeres Laboratory (GLP Compliance Certificated), Parasitology Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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