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Szóstek-Mioduchowska A, Leciejewska N, Zelmańska B, Staszkiewicz-Chodor J, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski D. Lysophosphatidic acid as a regulator of endometrial connective tissue growth factor and prostaglandin secretion during estrous cycle and endometrosis in the mare. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:343. [PMID: 32943074 PMCID: PMC7499873 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Equine endometrosis is a chronic degenerative condition, described as endometrial fibrosis that forms in the stroma, under the basement membrane and around the endometrial glands. The role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the development of tissue fibrosis varies depending on the organ, and its profibrotic role in mare endometrosis remains unclear. The study aimed to establish the endometrial presence of LPA and its receptors (LPAR1–4), together with its effects on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and prostaglandins (PG) secretion from equine endometrium under physiological (estrous cycle), or pathological conditions (endometrosis). Mare endometria in the mid-luteal phase (n = 5 for each category I, IIA, IIB, III of Kenney and Doig) and in the follicular phase (n = 5 for each category I, IIA, III and n = 4 for IIB) were used. In experiment 1, the levels of LPA, LPAR1–4 mRNA level and protein abundance were investigated in endometria at different stages of endometrosis. In experiment 2, the in vitro effect of LPA (10− 9 M) on the secretion of CTGF and PGs from endometrial tissue explants at different stages of endometrosis were determined. Results Endometrial LPA concentration was higher in the mid-luteal phase compared to the follicular phase in category I endometrium (P < 0.01). There was an alteration in endometrial concentrations of LPA and LPAR1–4 protein abundance in the follicular phase at different stages of endometrosis (P < 0.05). Additionally, LPA increased the secretion of PGE2 from category I endometrium in both phases of the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). The effect of LPA on the secretion of CTGF and PGF2α from endometrial tissue was altered depending on different stages of endometrosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our data indicate that endometrosis disturbs proper endometrial function and is associated with altered endometrial LPA concentration, its receptor expression and protein abundance, PGE2/PGF2α ratio, and CTGF secretion in response to LPA. These changes could influence several physiological events occurring in endometrium in mare during estrous cycle and early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szóstek-Mioduchowska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Tuwima-st 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Natalia Leciejewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Zelmańska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Tuwima-st 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Staszkiewicz-Chodor
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Tuwima-st 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- CIISA, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Tuwima-st 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
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Zhou Y, Little PJ, Ta HT, Xu S, Kamato D. Lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors: pharmacology and therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 204:107404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li N, Yan YL, Fu S, Li RJ, Zhao PF, Xu XY, Yang JP, Damirin A. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell viability without differentiation via LPA receptor mediating manner. Apoptosis 2018; 22:1296-1309. [PMID: 28766061 PMCID: PMC5630659 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) are potential stromal cells which are regarded as the most feasible stem cell group in cell therapy. The maintenance of cell survival without differentiation is important in cell transplantation and stem cell therapy. However, negative factors exist in cell transplantation. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a non-antigenic small molecule phospholipid which induced several fundamental cellular responses, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. In this study we aimed to explore the effects of LPA on the survival and differentiation of MSCs and its availability in cell therapy. We found that LPA stimulated hUC-MSC proliferation and protected hUC-MSCs from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced apoptosis. We also observed that CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 were expressed, whereas CD34 and CD45 were not expressed in hUC-MSCs, and these makers have no change in LPA containing medium, which indicated that LPA accelerated the survival of hUC-MSCs in an undifferentiating status. We also demonstrated that higher expressed LPAR1 involved in LPA stimulated cell survival action. LPA stimulated cell proliferation was associated with LPAR1 mediated Gi/o-proteins/ERK1/2 pathway. On the other hand, LPA protected hUC-MSCs from LPS-induced apoptosis through suppressing caspase-3 activation by LPAR1 coupled with a G protein, but not Gi/o or Gq/11 in hUC-MSC. Collectively, this study demonstrated that LPA increased the proliferation and survival of hUC-MSCs without differentiation through LPAR1 mediated manner. Our findings provide that LPA as a anti-apoptotic agent having potential application prospect in cell transplantation and stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narengerile Li
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ya-Li Yan
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Sachaofu Fu
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Rui-Juan Li
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhao
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Alatangaole Damirin
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Shen X, Zou J, Li F, Zhang T, Guo T. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances neointimal hyperplasia following vascular injury through modulating proliferation, autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:87-96. [PMID: 29749484 PMCID: PMC6059717 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which is one of the intermediate products of membrane phospholipid metabolism, is a bioactive phospholipid that possesses diverse activities. In the present study, the effects of LPA on neointimal formation following vascular injury were investigated. A carotid artery balloon injury model was employed in the present study, and following vascular injury, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg LPA. Subsequently, histopathological alterations were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by immunohistochemistry, apoptosis was assessed via a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, and the expression levels of apoptosis-associated and autophagy-associated proteins were detected by western blotting. In addition, inflammatory and oxidative stress-associated factors were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or corresponding kits. The results of the present study demonstrated that LPA enhanced vascular injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. LPA further elevated the expression levels of PCNA in the injured carotid artery tissues. LPA exhibited no effect on apoptosis in carotid artery tissues, whereas it modulated autophagy in the injured carotid artery tissues. Furthermore, LPA enhanced vascular injury-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. The present study demonstrated that LPA may enhance neointimal hyperplasia following vascular injury by modulating proliferation, autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress, but not apoptosis. Furthermore LPA may contribute to the pathology of atherosclerosis and may be considered a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Shen
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Fuyong Li
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Tianhe Zhang
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Tongqi Guo
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a pro-fibrotic and pro-oncogenic factor: a pivotal target to improve the radiotherapy therapeutic index. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43543-43554. [PMID: 28402936 PMCID: PMC5522168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced fibrosis is widely considered as a common but forsaken phenomenon that can lead to clinical sequela and possibly vital impairments. Lysophosphatidic acid is a bioactive lipid involved in fibrosis and probably in radiation-induced fibrosis as suggested in recent studies. Lysophosphatidic acid is also a well-described pro-oncogenic factor, involved in carcinogenesis processes (proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, migration). The present review highlights and summarizes the links between lysophosphatidic acid and radiation-induced fibrosis, lysophosphatidic acid and radioresistance, and proposes lysophosphatidic acid as a potential central actor of the radiotherapy therapeutic index. Besides, we hypothesize that following radiotherapy, the newly formed tumour micro-environment, with increased extracellular matrix and increased lysophosphatidic acid levels, is a favourable ground to metastasis development. Lysophosphatidic acid could therefore be an exciting therapeutic target, minimizing radio-toxicities and radio-resistance effects.
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Abstract
We previously reported that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) regulates Ca²⁺ influx of fluid flow in stimulated endothelial cells and that LPA and shear stress showed increment and suppressive effects on phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction and acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation, respectively. However, a vasoconstrictive effect of LPA alone in the presence of shear stress was not found. The present study examined the effect of LPA alone in the presence of shear stress on Ca²⁺ responses in endothelial and smooth muscle cells and contraction in mouse aortic strip using real-time 2-photon laser scanning microscopy and a custom-made parallel-plate flow chamber. Application of micromolar LPA and high shear stress elicited movement of endothelial cells after Ca²⁺ responses. The endothelial cells moved along the major axis of smooth muscle cells, a direction that was identical to that found during vasoconstriction evoked by the application of phenylephrine. The frequency of Ca²⁺ oscillations in smooth muscle cells was highest according to endothelial movement. Vasoconstriction evoked by LPA and shear stress was significantly reduced by the application of a thromboxane A₂ receptor antagonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and a thromboxane synthase inhibitor. These results suggest that micromolar LPA and high shear stress elicit vasoconstriction that is caused by Ca²⁺-dependent contraction in medial smooth muscle cells. Thromboxane A₂ may be involved in that response.
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Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent bioactive phospholipid. As many other biological active lipids, LPA is an autacoid: it is formed locally on demand, and it acts locally near its site of synthesis. LPA has a plethora of biological activities on blood cells (platelets, monocytes) and cells of the vessel wall (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages) that are all key players in atherosclerotic and atherothrombotic processes. The specific cellular actions of LPA are determined by its multifaceted molecular structures, the expression of multiple G-protein coupled LPA receptors at the cell surface and their diverse coupling to intracellular signalling pathways. Numerous studies have now shown that LPA has thrombogenic and atherogenic actions. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive, yet concise, thoughtful and critical review of this exciting research area and to pinpoint potential pharmacological targets for inhibiting thrombogenic and atherogenic activities of LPA. We hope that the review will serve to accelerate knowledge of basic and clinical science, and to foster drug development in the field of LPA and atherosclerotic/atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schober
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Calvayrac O, Rodríguez-Calvo R, Alonso J, Orbe J, Martín-Ventura JL, Guadall A, Gentile M, Juan-Babot O, Egido J, Beloqui O, Paramo JA, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J. CCL20 is increased in hypercholesterolemic subjects and is upregulated by LDL in vascular smooth muscle cells: role of NF-κB. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 31:2733-41. [PMID: 21852561 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.235721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to analyze the regulation of CC Chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) by LDL in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). METHODS AND RESULTS In asymptomatic subjects, circulating CCL20 levels were higher in patients with hypercholesterolemia (18.5±3.2 versus 9.1±1.3 pg/mL; P<0.01). LDL induced the expression of CCL20 in VSMC in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Increased levels of CCL20 secreted by LDL-treated VSMC significantly induced human lymphocyte migration, an effect reduced by CCL20 silencing. The upregulation of CCL20 by LDL was dependent on the activation of kinase signaling pathways and NF-κB. By site-directed mutagenesis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we identified a NF-κB site (-80/-71) in CCL20 promoter critical for LDL responsiveness. Lysophosphatidic acid mimicked the upregulation of CCL20 induced by LDL, and minimal oxidation of LDL increased the ability of LDL to induce CCL20 through a mechanism that involves lysophosphatidic acid receptors. CCL20 was overexpressed in atherosclerotic lesions from coronary artery patients, colocalizing with VSMC. CCL20 was detected in conditioned media from healthy human aorta and its levels were significantly higher in secretomes from carotid endarterectomy specimens. CONCLUSION This study identifies CCL20 in atherosclerotic lesions and recognizes this chemokine as a mediator highly sensitive to the inflammatory response elicited by LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Calvayrac
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Cheng HY, Dong A, Panchatcharam M, Mueller P, Yang F, Li Z, Mills G, Chun J, Morris AJ, Smyth SS. Lysophosphatidic acid signaling protects pulmonary vasculature from hypoxia-induced remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:24-32. [PMID: 22015657 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.234708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid molecule produced by the plasma lysophospholipase D enzyme autotaxin that is present at ≥100 nmol/L in plasma. Local administration of LPA promotes systemic arterial remodeling in rodents. To determine whether LPA contributes to remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, we examined responses in mice with alterations in LPA signaling and metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Enpp2(+/-) mice, which are heterozygous for the autotaxin-encoding gene and which have reduced expression of autotaxin/lysophospholipase D and approximately half normal plasma LPA, were hyperresponsive to hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction and remodeling, as evidenced by the development of higher right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure, greater decline in peak flow velocity across the pulmonary valve, and a higher percentage of muscularized arterioles. Mice lacking LPA(1) and LPA(2), 2 LPA receptors abundantly expressed in the vasculature, also had enhanced hypoxia-induced pulmonary remodeling. With age, Lpar1(-/-)2(-/-) mice spontaneously developed elevated RV systolic pressure and RV hypertrophy that was not observed in Lpar1(-/-) mice or Lpar2(-/-) mice. Expression of endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor, was elevated in lungs of Lpar1(-/-)2(-/-) mice, and expression of endothelin(B) receptor, which promotes vasodilation and clears endothelin, was reduced in Enpp2(+/-) and Lpar1(-/-)2(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that LPA may negatively regulate pulmonary vascular pressure through LPA(1) and LPA(2) receptors and that in the absence of LPA signaling, upregulation in the endothelin system favors remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Rancoule C, Pradère JP, Gonzalez J, Klein J, Valet P, Bascands JL, Schanstra JP, Saulnier-Blache JS. Lysophosphatidic acid-1-receptor targeting agents for fibrosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011; 20:657-67. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2011.566864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Liu JP, Komachi M, Tomura H, Mogi C, Damirin A, Tobo M, Takano M, Nochi H, Tamoto K, Sato K, Okajima F. Ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1-dependent and -independent vascular actions to acidic pH in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H731-42. [PMID: 20622109 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00977.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation disease characterized by acidic micromilieu and the accumulation of numerous bioactive lipid mediators, such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and prostaglandins, in the atherosclerotic lesion. Chronic acidification induced various effects on vascular smooth muscle cells, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. In this study, we examine the role of proton-sensing ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1) in extracellular acidification-induced regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 induction, PGI(2) production, MAPK phosphatase (MKP)-1 expression, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression and proliferation in human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). Experiments with knockdown with small interfering RNA specific to OGR1 and specific inhibitors for G proteins showed that acidification-induced COX-2 expression, PGI(2) production, and MKP-1 expression, but not PAI-1 expression and inhibition of proliferation, were dependent on OGR1 and mainly mediated by G(q/11) protein. LPA remarkably enhanced, through the LPA(1) receptor/G(i) protein, the OGR1-mediated vascular actions to acidic pH. In conclusion, acidic pH-induced vascular actions of AoSMCs can be dissected to OGR1-dependent and -independent pathways: COX-2 expression, PGI(2) production, and MKP-1 expression are mediated by OGR1, but PAI-1 expression and inhibition of proliferation are not. LPA, which is usually thought to be a proatherogenic lipid mediator, may exert antiatherogenic actions under acidic micromilieu through cross-talk between LPA(1)/G(i) protein and OGR1/G(q/11) protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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