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Chen Q, Yan W, Schafföner S, Wu H, Han B, Zhang J, Li Y. Microstructures and strength of microporous MgO-Mg(Al, Fe)2O4 refractory aggregates. Ann Ital Chir 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Gong Z, Zhang H, Juan Y, Zhu L, Zheng W, Ding J, Tian M, Li X, Zhang J, Guo Y, Li G. A review of application and development of combustion technology for oil sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:396-412. [PMID: 35491824 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2071067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oil sludge is a typical hazardous waste in the petrochemical and electric power industry. It has complex components and special properties, and has serious hazards to humans, plants, water, and soil. Therefore, how to realize the effective disposal of oil sludge has become an urgent issue to be solved worldwide. Among the existing oil sludge treatment approaches, combustion has been considered to be a promising technology to realize the large-scale industrial application. In the present work, the characteristics of oil sludge were described in detail. The application and development of oil sludge combustion technology were critically summarized and discussed, including factors affecting combustion, drying process, combustion characteristics, synergistic treatment technology, and formation and control of secondary pollution. Besides, the development of combustion equipment, and integrated thermal treatment technology for oil sludge were prospected. This work can be used for guiding the industrial disposal of oil sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Gong
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Haoteng Zhang
- College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonglong Juan
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Lingkai Zhu
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Junqi Ding
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Maocheng Tian
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Yizhi Guo
- Dalian Yishunlvse Technology Co., Ltd, Dalian, China
| | - Guoen Li
- Dalian Yishunlvse Technology Co., Ltd, Dalian, China
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Yang L, Wang L, Cui C, Liu M, Li L, Yan D. Field-scale study of co-processing dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-contaminated soil in a cement kiln. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 126:133-140. [PMID: 33752154 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants in soil are not readily degraded in the short term. The utilization of co-processing solid waste in cement kilns has received increasing attention in recent years. Co-processing may be a good way of disposing of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-contaminated soil (CS). The feasibility of co-processing CS pretreated to desorb dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, was assessed by performing an industrial-scale trial, focusing on the risks posed by emissions to the environment. Samples of the input and output in cement kiln were collected for determining clinker quality, production operation, pollutant emissions, cement kiln system destruction efficiency, and distribution profiles of persistent organic pollutants unintentionally produced from kiln. The destruction efficiency and destruction removal efficiency both were > 99.99% in cement kiln system at the appropriate CS feeding rate. Emissions of stack gases produced by cement kilns co-processing CS were within the reasonable range set in China. Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) concentrations and distribution profiles in flue gases and particulate samples from two tests showed PCBs mainly formed at the same sites as PCDD/Fs, indicating they are may formed in a similar way in cement kiln. A comparison with the processing parameters in the clinker, cement kiln dust, and flue gas under baseline and co-processing conditions, manifested that co-processing had no effect on the operation or cement quality of the cement kiln. Thus co-processing CS at a rate of 20 t/h with pretreatment process, is an environmentally sound and highly efficient treatment for CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Changhao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Meijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Dahai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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Wang J, Shen J, Ye D, Yan X, Zhang Y, Yang W, Li X, Wang J, Zhang L, Pan L. Disinfection technology of hospital wastes and wastewater: Suggestions for disinfection strategy during coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114665. [PMID: 32443202 PMCID: PMC7194566 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hospitals are important sources of pollutants resulted from diagnostic, laboratory and research activities as well as medicine excretion by patients, which include active component of drugs and metabolite, chemicals, residues of pharmaceuticals, radioactive markers, iodinated contrast media, etc. The discharge of hospital wastes and wastewater, especially those without appropriate treatment would expose the public in danger of infection. In particular, under the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic context in China, it is of great significance to reduce the health risks to the public and environment. In this study, technologies of different types of hospital wastes and wastewater disinfection have been summarized. Liquid chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet irradiation disinfection are commonly used for hospital wastewater disinfection. While incineration, chemical disinfection, and physical disinfection are commonly used for hospital wastes disinfection. In addition, considering the characteristics of various hospital wastes, the classification and selection of corresponding disinfection technologies are discussed. On this basis, this study provides scientific suggestions for management, technology selection, and operation of hospital wastes and wastewater disinfection in China, which is of great significance for development of national disinfection strategy for hospital wastes and wastewater during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Jin Shen
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Dan Ye
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Xu Yan
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Xinwu Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Liubo Zhang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Lijun Pan
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
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Dai S, Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Niu D. Molten hydroxide for detoxification of chlorine-containing waste: Unraveling chlorine retention efficiency and chlorine salt enrichment. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 82:192-202. [PMID: 31133264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste dechlorination reduces the potential of creating dioxins during the incineration process. To investigate the salt effect on waste dechlorination, molten hydroxides with a low melting temperature were utilized for the pre-dechlorination and decomposition of chlorine-containing organic wastes (COWs) including trichlorobenzene (TCB), perchloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene and chlordane. The results showed that a eutectic mixture of caustic sodium and potassium hydroxides (41 wt.% NaOH and 59 wt.% KOH) led to a low melting point below 300°C and a relatively high chlorine retention efficiency (CRE) with TCB as a representative COWs. The amounts of hydroxides, reaction time, and temperature all had notable influence on CRE. When the mass ratio of hydroxides to TCB reached 30:1, approximately 98.1% of the TCB was destroyed within 2.5 hr at 300°C with CRE of 71.6%. According to the residue analysis, the shapes of reaction residues were irregular with particles becoming swollen and porous. The benzene ring and C-Cl bonds disappeared, while carboxyl groups formed in the residues. The stripped chlorine was retained and condensed to form chloride salts, and the relative abundance of the chloride ions associated with the mass of TCB in residues increased from 0 to 75.0% within the 2.5 hr reaction time. The observed concentration of dioxins in residues was 5.6 ngTEQ/kg. A reaction pathway and possible additional reactions that occur in this dechlorination system were proposed. Oxidizing agents may attack TCB and facilitate hydrogenation/dechlorination reactions, making this process a promising and environmentally friendly approach for chlorine-containing organic waste treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yilin Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongjie Niu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Wang Y, Zhu H, Jiang X, Lv G, Yan J. Study on the evolution and transformation of Cl during Co-incineration of a mixture of rectification residue and raw meal of a cement kiln. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 84:112-118. [PMID: 30691882 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The co-processing of hazardous waste in cement kiln can eliminate a large number of hazardous wastes, but the excessive existence of chlorine will affect normal operation of cement kiln. In this study, the partition of Cl in flue gas, fly ash and residual solid under different experiment conditions was obtained by using tubular furnace to incinerate mixtures of rectification residue and raw meal. The chlorine content in flue gas was determined using ion chromatography and the chlorine content in fly ash and residual solid was measured by high temperature combustion hydrolyzing-ion chromatography. The results showed that chlorine mainly existed in flue gas and residual solid, and only less than 3.5% of chlorine existed in fly ash. The incineration temperature had a significant effect on the distribution of chlorine in each part. The higher the incinerating temperature, the greater the proportion of chlorine in flue gas and fly ash. While temperatures were higher than 1300 °C, the proportion of chlorine in all parts remained basically unchanged, roughly 18:14:1. With the increase of the retention time, the proportion of chlorine in the residual solid decreased gradually, and the proportion of chlorine in the flue gas increased gradually. The distribution ratio of chlorine in each part remained unchanged after about 30 min. In addition, the chlorine content of the sample and the air flow rate had a relatively slight effect on the partition of chlorine. Based on these experimental results, some suggestions on the co-processing of hazardous waste in cement kiln were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- College of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guojun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Lou Z, Bilitewski B, Zhu N, Chai X, Li B, Zhao Y. Environmental impacts of a large-scale incinerator with mixed MSW of high water content from a LCA perspective. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 30:173-179. [PMID: 25872724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale incinerators are applied widely as a result of the heavy burden of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated, while strong opposition is arising from the public living nearby. A large-scale working incineration plant of 1500 ton/day was chosen for evaluation using life cycle assessment. It was found that the corresponding human toxicity impacts via soil (HTs), human toxicity impacts via water (HTw) and human toxicity impacts via air (HTa) categories are 0.213, 2.171, and 0.012 personal equivalents (PE), and global warming (GW100) and nutrient enrichment (NE) impacts are 0.002 and 0.001 PE per ton of waste burned for this plant. Heavy metals in flue gas, such as Hg and Pb, are the two dominant contributors to the toxicity impact categories, and energy recovery could reduce the GW100 and NE greatly. The corresponding HTs, HTw and HTa decrease to 0.087, 0.911 and 0.008 PE, and GW100 turns into savings of -0.007 PE due to the increase of the heating value from 3935 to 5811 kJ/kg, if a trommel screener of 40 mm mesh size is used to pre-separate MSW. MSW sorting and the reduction of water content by physical pressure might be two promising pre-treatment methods to improve the combustion performance, and the application of stricter standards for leachate discharge and the flue gas purification process are two critical factors for improvement of the environmental profile identified in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute for Waste Management and Contaminated Sites Treatment, TU Dresden Faculty of Forestry, Geo and Hydro Sciences, Pratzschwitzer Str. 15, 01796 Pirna, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bernd Bilitewski
- Institute for Waste Management and Contaminated Sites Treatment, TU Dresden Faculty of Forestry, Geo and Hydro Sciences, Pratzschwitzer Str. 15, 01796 Pirna, Germany
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Bai Y, Bao YB, Cai XL, Chen CH, Ye XC. Feasibility of disposing waste glyphosate neutralization liquor with cement rotary kiln. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 278:500-5. [PMID: 25010454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The waste neutralization liquor generated during the glyphosate production using glycine-dimethylphosphit process is a severe pollution problem due to its high salinity and organic components. The cement rotary kiln was proposed as a zero discharge strategy of disposal. In this work, the waste liquor was calcinated and the mineralogical phases of residue were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mineralogical phases and the strength of cement clinker were characterized to evaluate the influence to the products. The burnability of cement raw meal added with waste liquor and the calorific value of waste liquor were tested to evaluate the influence to the thermal state of the kiln system. The results showed that after the addition of this liquor, the differences of the main phases and the strength of cement clinker were negligible, the burnability of raw meal was improved; and the calorific value of this liquor was 6140 J/g, which made it could be considered as an alternative fuel during the actual production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y B Bao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - X L Cai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - C H Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - X C Ye
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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