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Hayzoun H, Garnier C, Durrieu G, Lenoble V, Le Poupon C, Angeletti B, Ouammou A, Mounier S. Organic carbon, and major and trace element dynamic and fate in a large river subjected to poorly-regulated urban and industrial pressures (Sebou River, Morocco). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 502:296-308. [PMID: 25262292 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An annual-basis study of the impacts of the anthropogenic inputs from Fez urban area on the water geochemistry of the Sebou and Fez Rivers was conducted mostly focusing on base flow conditions, in addition to the sampling of industrial wastewater characteristic of the various pressures in the studied environment. The measured trace metals dissolved/particulate partitioning was compared to the ones predicted using the WHAM-VII chemical speciation code. The Sebou River, upstream from Fez city, showed a weakly polluted status. Contrarily, high levels of major ions, organic carbon and trace metals were encountered in the Fez River and the Sebou River downstream the Fez inputs, due to the discharge of urban and industrial untreated and hugely polluted wastewaters. Trace metals were especially enriched in particles with levels even exceeding those recorded in surface sediments. The first group of elements (Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, U and V) showed strong inter-relationships, impoverishment in Fez particles/sediments and stable partition coefficient (Kd), linked to their lithogenic origin from Sebou watershed erosion. Conversely, most of the studied trace metals/metalloids, originated from anthropogenic sources, underwent significant changes of Kd and behaved non-conservatively in the Sebou/Fez water mixing. Dissolved/particulate partitioning was correctly assessed by WHAM-VII modeling for Cu, Pb and Zn, depicting significant differences in chemical speciation in the Fez River when compared to that in the Sebou River. The results of this study demonstrated that a lack of compliance in environmental regulations certainly explained this poor status.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hayzoun
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France; LIMOM, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Dhar El Mehraz B.P. 1796 Atlas, Fès 30000, Morocco
| | - C Garnier
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France.
| | - G Durrieu
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France
| | - V Lenoble
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France
| | - C Le Poupon
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France
| | - B Angeletti
- Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement UMR 6635 CNRS - Aix-Marseille Université, FR ECCOREV, Europôle Méditerranéen de l'Arbois, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - A Ouammou
- LIMOM, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Dhar El Mehraz B.P. 1796 Atlas, Fès 30000, Morocco
| | - S Mounier
- Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France
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Matsui Y, Ishikawa TB, Kimura M, Machida K, Shirasaki N, Matsushita T. Aluminum concentrations of sand filter and polymeric membrane filtrates: A comparative study. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Horowitz AJ. A review of selected inorganic surface water quality-monitoring practices: are we really measuring what we think, and if so, are we doing it right? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:2471-86. [PMID: 23406404 DOI: 10.1021/es304058q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Successful environmental/water quality-monitoring programs usually require a balance between analytical capabilities, the collection and preservation of representative samples, and available financial/personnel resources. Due to current economic conditions, monitoring programs are under increasing pressure to do more with less. Hence, a review of current sampling and analytical methodologies, and some of the underlying assumptions that form the bases for these programs seems appropriate, to see if they are achieving their intended objectives within acceptable error limits and/or measurement uncertainty, in a cost-effective manner. That evaluation appears to indicate that several common sampling/processing/analytical procedures (e.g., dip (point) samples/measurements, nitrogen determinations, total recoverable analytical procedures) are generating biased or nonrepresentative data, and that some of the underlying assumptions relative to current programs, such as calendar-based sampling and stationarity are no longer defensible. The extensive use of statistical models as well as surrogates (e.g., turbidity) also needs to be re-examined because the hydrologic interrelationships that support their use tend to be dynamic rather than static. As a result, a number of monitoring programs may need redesigning, some sampling and analytical procedures may need to be updated, and model/surrogate interrelationships may require recalibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J Horowitz
- Georgia Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey , Suite 500 1770 Corporate Drive Norcross Georgia 30093, USA.
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