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Li X, Li S, Xie P, Chen X, Chu Y, Chang H, Sun J, Li Q, Ren N, Ho SH. Advanced wastewater treatment with microalgae-indigenous bacterial interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 20:100374. [PMID: 38283868 PMCID: PMC10821166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Microalgal-indigenous bacterial wastewater treatment (MBWT) emerges as a promising approach for the concurrent removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Despite its potential, the prevalent use of MBWT in batch systems limits its broader application. Furthermore, the success of MBWT critically depends on the stable self-adaptation and synergistic interactions between microalgae and indigenous bacteria, yet the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we explore the viability and microbial dynamics of a continuous flow microalgae-indigenous bacteria advanced wastewater treatment system (CFMBAWTS) in processing actual secondary effluent, with a focus on varying hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The research highlights a stable, mutually beneficial relationship between indigenous bacteria and microalgae. Microalgae and indigenous bacteria can create an optimal environment for each other by providing essential cofactors (like iron, vitamins, and indole-3-acetic acid), oxygen, dissolved organic matter, and tryptophan. This collaboration leads to effective microbial growth, enhanced N and P removal, and energy generation. The study also uncovers crucial metabolic pathways, functional genes, and patterns of microbial succession. Significantly, the effluent NH4+-N and P levels complied with the Chinese national Class-II, Class-V, Class-IA, and Class-IB wastewater discharge standards when the HRT was reduced from 15 to 6 h. Optimal results, including the highest rates of CO2 fixation (1.23 g L-1), total energy yield (32.35 kJ L-1), and the maximal lipid (33.91%) and carbohydrate (41.91%) content, were observed at an HRT of 15 h. Overall, this study not only confirms the feasibility of CFMBAWTS but also lays a crucial foundation for enhancing our understanding of this technology and propelling its practical application in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yuhao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Haixing Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- Central Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Central Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, PR China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Segredo-Morales E, González E, Figueira A, Díaz O. A bibliometric analysis of published literature on membrane photobioreactors for wastewater treatment from 2000 to 2022. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:1724-1749. [PMID: 37830994 PMCID: wst_2023_295 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
With the focus on limiting greenhouse gas emissions, microalgae-based technology is a promising approach for wastewater treatment, combining cost-effective operation, nutrient recovery, and assimilation of CO2. In addition, membrane technology supports process intensification and wastewater reclamation. Based on a bibliometric analysis, this paper evaluated the literature on membrane photobioreactors to highlight promising areas for future research. Specifically, efforts should be made on advancing knowledge of interactions between algae and bacteria, analysing different strategies for membrane fouling control and determining the conditions for the most cost-effective operation. The Scopus® database was used to select documents from 2000 to 2022. A set of 126 documents were found. China is the country with the highest number of publications, whereas the most productive researchers belong to the Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain). The analysis of 50 selected articles provides a summary of the main parameters investigated, that focus in increasing the biomass productivity and nutrient removal. In addition, microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor seems to have the greatest commercialisation potential. S-curve fitting confirms that this technology is still in its growth stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Segredo-Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n. Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España E-mail:
| | - Enrique González
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n. Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
| | - Andrés Figueira
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n. Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
| | - Oliver Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n. Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
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Marazzi F, Fornaroli R, Clagnan E, Brusetti L, Ficara E, Bellucci M, Mezzanotte V. Wastewater from textile digital printing as a substrate for microalgal growth and valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 375:128828. [PMID: 36878375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating an innovative biotechnological process for the concomitant bioremediation and valorization of wastewater from textile digital printing technology based on a microalgae/bacteria consortium. Nutrient and colour removal were assessed in lab-scale batch and continuous experiments and the produced algae/bacteria biomass was characterized for pigment content and biomethane potential. Microbial community analysis provided insight of the complex community structure responsible for the bioremediation action. Specifically, a community dominated by Scenedesmus spp. and xenobiotic and dye degrading bacteria was naturally selected in continuous photobioreactors. Data confirm the ability of the microalgae/bacteria consortium to grow in textile wastewater while reducing the nutrient content and colour. Improvement strategies were eventually identified to foster biomass growth and process performances. The experimental findings pose the basis of the integration of a microalgal-based process into the textile sector in a circular economy perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marazzi
- Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fornaroli
- Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Clagnan
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brusetti
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Elena Ficara
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Micol Bellucci
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; Research and Science Department, Italian Space Agency (ASI), Via del Politecnico snc, Rome 00133, Italy.
| | - Valeria Mezzanotte
- Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
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Xiao Z, Tan AX, Xu V, Jun YS, Tang YJ. Mineral-hydrogel composites for mitigating harmful algal bloom and supplying phosphorous for photo-biorefineries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157533. [PMID: 35878849 PMCID: PMC9755271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HAB) are a major environmental concern in eutrophic aquatic systems. To mitigate HABs and recover the phosphorus that drives algal growth, this study developed hydrogel composites seeded with calcium phosphate and wollastonite particles, which first adsorb phosphate (P) and then precipitate it as calcium phosphate. Using a fast-growing cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus 2973, as a model microalga, we found that the mineral-hydrogel composites reduced dissolved P in BG11 media from 5.1 mg/L to 0.31 mg/L, initially reducing the biomass growth rate by up to 73 % and ultimately reducing the total biomass concentration by 75 %. When applied to municipal wastewater and agricultural run-off, the composites removed 96 % and 91 % of the dissolved P, respectively. Moreover, when the recovered P-enriched composites were reused as a slow-release bio-compatible fertilizer in a photobioreactor, they effectively supported algal growth without blocking light and interfering with photosynthesis. The P-enriched composites could tune the P concentration in the culture medium and significantly promote algal lipid accumulation. This study demonstrates the mineral-hydrogel composites' potential to treat point sources of P pollution and subsequently facilitate photoautotrophic biofuel production as a nutrient, effectively recycling the captured P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Xiao
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Albern X Tan
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Vincent Xu
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Yinjie J Tang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Goh PS, Ahmad NA, Lim JW, Liang YY, Kang HS, Ismail AF, Arthanareeswaran G. Microalgae-Enabled Wastewater Remediation and Nutrient Recovery through Membrane Photobioreactors: Recent Achievements and Future Perspective. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1094. [PMID: 36363649 PMCID: PMC9699475 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of microalgae for wastewater remediation and nutrient recovery answers the call for a circular bioeconomy, which involves waste resource utilization and ecosystem protection. The integration of microalgae cultivation and wastewater treatment has been proposed as a promising strategy to tackle the issues of water and energy source depletions. Specifically, microalgae-enabled wastewater treatment offers an opportunity to simultaneously implement wastewater remediation and valuable biomass production. As a versatile technology, membrane-based processes have been increasingly explored for the integration of microalgae-based wastewater remediation. This review provides a literature survey and discussion of recent progressions and achievements made in the development of membrane photobioreactors (MPBRs) for wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery. The opportunities of using microalgae-based wastewater treatment as an interesting option to manage effluents that contain high levels of nutrients are explored. The innovations made in the design of membrane photobioreactors and their performances are evaluated. The achievements pave a way for the effective and practical implementation of membrane technology in large-scale microalgae-enabled wastewater remediation and nutrient recovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Akalili Ahmad
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Yong Yeow Liang
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Siang Kang
- Marine Technology Centre, Institute for Vehicle System & Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India
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Mahmoud RH, Wang Z, He Z. Production of algal biomass on electrochemically recovered nutrients from anaerobic digestion centrate. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zeeshan QM, Qiu S, Gu J, Abbew AW, Wu Z, Chen Z, Xu S, Ge S. Unravelling multiple removal pathways of oseltamivir in wastewater by microalgae through experimentation and computation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:128139. [PMID: 34983009 PMCID: PMC8713958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Increased worldwide consumption of antiviral drugs (AVDs) amid COVID-19 has induced enormous burdens to the existing wastewater treatment systems. Microalgae-based bioremediation is a competitive alternative technology due to its simultaneous nutrient recovery and sustainable biomass production. However, knowledge about the fate, distribution, and interaction of AVDs with microalgae is yet to be determined. In this study, a concentration-determined influence of AVD oseltamivir (OT) was observed on the biochemical pathway of Chlorella sorkiniana (C.S-N1) in synthetic municipal wastewater. The results showed that high OT concentration inhibited biomass growth through increased oxidative stress and restrained photosynthesis. Nevertheless, complete OT removal was achieved at its optimized concentration of 10 mg/L by various biotic (82%) and abiotic processes (18.0%). The chemical alterations in three subtypes of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were primarily investigated by electrostatic (OT +8.22 mV vs. C.S-N1 -18.31 mV) and hydrophobic interactions between EPS-OT complexes supported by secondary structure protein analysis. Besides, six biodegradation-catalyzed transformation products were identified by quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer and by density functional theory. Moreover, all the TPs exhibited log Kow ≤ 5 and bioconcentration factor values of < 5000 L/kg, meeting the practical demands of environmental sustainability. This study broadens our understanding of microalgal bioadsorption and biodegradation, promoting microalgae bioremediation for nutrient recovery and AVDs removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim M Zeeshan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Abdul-Wahab Abbew
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengshuai Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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Mendoza E, Buttiglieri G, Blandin G, Comas J. Exploring the limitations of forward osmosis for direct hydroponic fertigation: Impact of ion transfer and fertilizer composition on effective dilution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 305:114339. [PMID: 34954684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for water reuse technologies and applications to minimize the imminent water crisis, caused by the world population growth, the reduction of freshwater resources and the increasing water pollution. Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) is a promising process capable of simultaneously extracting fresh water from low-quality sources as feed water (e.g., wastewater or greywater), while diluting fertilizer solutions for direct fertigation, avoiding the demand for freshwater for irrigation. Achieving an adequate level of dilution for direct fertigation is a key element to be evaluated for the implementation of FDFO. This study assessed the performance of the forward osmosis process to dilute fertilizer solutions to be applied directly in hydroponic systems. Experiments were carried out under conditions close to osmotic equilibrium to evaluate the process performance up to the maximum dilution point. Tests were carried out with individual and blended fertilizers (i.e., (NH4)2HPO4 or DAP, and KNO3) used as draw solution (DS) and with deionized water or individual salts (NaCl, MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4) in the feed solution (FS). Water fluxes and reverse salt fluxes indicated that both fertilizer DS composition and concentrations play a fundamental role in the process. Suitable nutrient concentrations to be directly applied without further dilution for N, P and K (119, 40, 264 mg.L-1 respectively) were obtained with deionized water as FS and blended DAP (0.025 M) and KNO3 (0.15 M) as DS. However, important fertilizer losses from DS to FS were observed, being the highest for NO3- (33-70% losses from DS to FS). The presence of salts in FS decreased the water fluxes and the DS dilution due to the osmotic equilibrium caused by a greater loss of nutrients from DS to FS (up to 100%), compared with tests using just deionized water as FS. This study points out the potential limitations of the FDFO process, due to the high solute fluxes and low water fluxes in conditions close to osmotic equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mendoza
- University of Girona, Spain; ICRA-CERCA. Catalan Institute for Water Research, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain.
| | - Gianluigi Buttiglieri
- University of Girona, Spain; ICRA-CERCA. Catalan Institute for Water Research, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain.
| | - Gaetan Blandin
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Comas
- ICRA-CERCA. Catalan Institute for Water Research, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain; LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain.
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Cao DQ, Sun XZ, Zhang WY, Ji YT, Yang XX, Hao XD. News on alginate recovery by forward osmosis: Reverse solute diffusion is useful. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131483. [PMID: 34329149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The water content in the recycled alginate solutions from aerobic granular sludge was nearly 100%. Forward osmosis (FO) has become an innovative dewatering technology. In this study, the FO concentration of sodium alginate (SA) was investigated using calcium chloride as a draw solute. The reverse solute flux (RSF) of calcium ions in FO had a beneficial effect, contrary to the findings of previous literature. The properties of the concentrated substances formed on the FO membrane on the feed side were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, verifying that calcium alginate (Ca-Alg), which can be used as a recycled material, was formed on the FO membrane on the feed side owing to the interaction between SA and permeable calcium ions. Water flux increased significantly with the increase in calcium chloride concentration, while the concentration of SA had little influence on the water flux in FO. Based on this discovery, we propose a novel method for the concentration and recovery of alginate, in which the RSF of calcium ions is utilized for recovering Ca-Alg by FO, with calcium chloride as a draw solute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qi Cao
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Xiu-Zhen Sun
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yu-Ting Ji
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Yang
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Di Hao
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Ding Y, Wang S, Ma H, Ma B, Guo Z, You H, Mei J, Hou X, Liang Z, Li Z. Effect of Different Influent Conditions on Biomass Production and Nutrient Removal by Aeration Microalgae Membrane Bioreactor (ICFB-MMBR) System for Mariculture Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110874. [PMID: 34832103 PMCID: PMC8625849 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nutrient removal and biomass production of the internal circulating fluidized bed microalgae membrane bioreactor (ICFB-MMBR) was studied under different cultivation modes, influent TOC, influent pH, and influent N/P. Platymonas helgolandica tsingtaoensis was used as the biological source. The growth of P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis and the removal efficiency of pollutants in the mixotrophy culture mode were improved compared with other culture modes. With the increased influent TOC, the average growth rate of P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis increased, and ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus removal rate were improved. The P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis growth rate and nutrient removal efficiencies at the influent pH of 8 were the best among the different influent pH values. As the influent N/P ratio increased from 5 to 20, the P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis growth rate and pollutant removal rate increased gradually. When the influent N/P ratio was higher than 20, the P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis growth rate and pollutant removal rate tended to be stable and did not significantly change with the increase of influent N/P ratio. At the proper influent conditions, the high P. helgolandica tsingtaoensis biomass and nutrient removal efficiency could be obtained in the microalgae membrane bioreactor, which could provide a theoretical basis for the application of the system for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Y.D.); (Z.G.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264200, China; (S.W.); (H.M.); (B.M.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264200, China; (S.W.); (H.M.); (B.M.); (H.Y.)
| | - Binyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264200, China; (S.W.); (H.M.); (B.M.); (H.Y.)
| | - Zhansheng Guo
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Y.D.); (Z.G.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264200, China; (S.W.); (H.M.); (B.M.); (H.Y.)
| | - Junxue Mei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Y.D.); (Z.G.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xuguang Hou
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Y.D.); (Z.G.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Y.D.); (Z.G.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264200, China; (S.W.); (H.M.); (B.M.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang Z, Hartline CJ, Zhang F, He Z. Enhanced microalgae cultivation using wastewater nutrients extracted by a microbial electrochemical system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117722. [PMID: 34637970 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cultivating algae using wastewater nutrients is a potential approach to realize resource recovery that can contribute to circular economy. However, growing algae directly in a wastewater has problems such as bacterial contamination and a low biomass density. To address those problems, we investigated microalgal cultivation in a photobioreactor (PBR) fed with the nutrients extracted from wastewater by a microbial nutrient recovery cell (MNRC). With an external voltage of 0.3 V, the MNRC-PBR system removed 96% of COD and recovered 44% of NH4+-N and 39% of PO43--P at a hydraulic retention time of 7.2 h. Microalgae cultivated in the nutrient recovery medium from the MNRC had 8.3-fold biomass density and 1.4-fold lipid contents, versus that cultivated in a food wastewater containing more nutrients. More significantly, 90% of biomass yielded from the MNRC-PBR system was microalgae, much higher than ∼30% in the food wastewater. A liquid exchange ratio of 30% achieved the highest microalgal density of 0.61 ± 0.06 g L-1, comparable to that in a standard BG11 medium. There was a tradeoff between recycling PBR medium and microalgal growth. The accumulated salinity was observed in the extended operation of the MNRC-PBR system treating an actual food wastewater. The results of this study have demonstrated an effective approach to extract nutrients from wastewater for enhanced microalgal growth and improved biomass quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Christopher J Hartline
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Fuzhong Zhang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Chen Z, Qiu S, Yu Z, Li M, Ge S. Enhanced Secretions of Algal Cell-Adhesion Molecules and Metal Ion-Binding Exoproteins Promote Self-Flocculation of Chlorella sp. Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11916-11924. [PMID: 34424674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of self-flocculation remains unclear, partially impeding its efficiency enhancement and commercial application of microalgae-based municipal wastewater (MW) bioremediation technology. This study revealed the contributions of exoproteins [PN, proteins in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)] to the separation of indigenous microalgae from treated MW. Compared to the low light intensity group, the high light intensity (HL) group produced Chlorella sp. with 4.3-fold higher self-flocculation efficiencies (SE). This was attributed to the enriched biological functions and positional rearrangement of increased PN within 2.9-fold higher EPS. Specifically, a total of 75 PN was over-expressed in the HL group among the 129 PN identified through label-free proteomics. The algal cell-adhesion molecules (Algal-CAMs) and metal-ion-binding PN were demonstrated as two dominant contributors promoting cell adhesion and bridging, through function prediction based on the contained domains. The modeled 3D structure showed that Algal-CAMs presented less hydrophilic α-helix abundance and were distributed in the outermost position of the EPS matrix, further facilitating microalgal separation. Moreover, the 10.1% lower hydrophily degree value, negative interfacial free energy (-19.5 mJ/m2), and 6.8-fold lower energy barrier between cells also supported the observed higher SE. This finding is expected to further fill the knowledge gap of the role of PN in microalgal self-flocculation and promote the development of biomass recovery from the microalgae-wastewater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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Liu X, Wang M, Zhang J, Wei L, Cheng H. Immobilization altering the growth behavior, ammonium uptake and amino acid synthesis of Chlorella vulgaris at different concentrations of carbon and nitrogen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124438. [PMID: 33246797 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen recycling by microalgae has aroused considerable attention. In this study, immobilized Chlorellavulgaris with 5-day mixotrophic cultivation to recover ammonium (NH4+-N) were systematically investigated under various sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) concentrations, and evaluated by comparison with suspended cells. The results revealed that, unlike suspended cells, NH4+-N uptake by immobilized cells was not in direct proportion to chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations. The immobilized cells to NH4+-N uptake was all inferior to that of suspended cells, presenting the maximum rate of 68.92% in group of 30 mg/L NH4+-N and 200 mg/L COD. Free amino acids in immobilized cells such as glutamate (Glu), arginine (Arg), proline (Pro) and leucine (Leu) were more sensitive to NH4+-N assimilation, as higher values observed by suspended cells. Low carbon-nitrogen (C/N) ratio showed remarkable benefits to amino acid synthesis. These results could provide a reference for manipulating the algal system and biomass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Min Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Lin Wei
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Haomiao Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
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