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Xu C, Feng Y, Li H, Liu M, Yao Y, Li Y. Enhanced degradation of enrofloxacin in mariculture wastewater based on marine bacteria and microbial carrier. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134555. [PMID: 38728864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate marine bacteria to investigate their stress response, inhibition mechanisms, and degradation processes under high-load conditions of salinity and enrofloxacin (ENR). The results demonstrated that marine bacteria exhibited efficient pollutant removal efficiency even under high ENR stress (up to 10 mg/L), with chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and ENR removal efficiencies reaching approximately 88%, 83%, 61%, and 73%, respectively. The predominant families of marine bacteria were Bacillaceae (50.46%), Alcanivoracaceae (32.30%), and Rhodobacteraceae (13.36%). They responded to ENR removal by altering cell membrane properties, stimulating the activity of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant systems, and mitigating ENR stress through the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). The marine bacteria exhibited robust adaptability to environmental factors and effective detoxification of ENR, simultaneously removing carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and antibiotics from the wastewater. The attapulgite carrier enhanced the bacteria's resistance to the environment. When treating actual mariculture wastewater, the removal efficiencies of COD and TN exceeded 80%, TP removal efficiency exceeded 90%, and ENR removal efficiency approached 100%, significantly higher than reported values in similar salinity reactors. Combining the constructed physical and mathematical models of tolerant bacterial, this study will promote the practical implementation of marine bacterial-based biotechnologies in high-loading saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Xu
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yali Feng
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Haoran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Mengyao Liu
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yisong Yao
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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2
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Molitor H, Kim GY, Hartnett E, Gincley B, Alam MM, Feng J, Avila NM, Fisher A, Hodaei M, Li Y, McGraw K, Cusick RD, Bradley IM, Pinto AJ, Guest JS. Intensive Microalgal Cultivation and Tertiary Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewaters via the EcoRecover Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8803-8814. [PMID: 38686747 PMCID: PMC11112746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mixed community microalgal wastewater treatment technologies have the potential to advance the limits of technology for biological nutrient recovery while producing a renewable carbon feedstock, but a deeper understanding of their performance is required for system optimization and control. In this study, we characterized the performance of a 568 m3·day-1 Clearas EcoRecover system for tertiary phosphorus removal (and recovery as biomass) at an operating water resource recovery facility (WRRF). The process consists of a (dark) mix tank, photobioreactors (PBRs), and a membrane tank with ultrafiltration membranes for the separation of hydraulic and solids residence times. Through continuous online monitoring, long-term on-site monitoring, and on-site batch experiments, we demonstrate (i) the importance of carbohydrate storage in PBRs to support phosphorus uptake under dark conditions in the mix tank and (ii) the potential for polyphosphate accumulation in the mixed algal communities. Over a 3-month winter period with limited outside influences (e.g., no major upstream process changes), the effluent total phosphorus (TP) concentration was 0.03 ± 0.03 mg-P·L-1 (0.01 ± 0.02 mg-P·L-1 orthophosphate). Core microbial community taxa included Chlorella spp., Scenedesmus spp., and Monoraphidium spp., and key indicators of stable performance included near-neutral pH, sufficient alkalinity, and a diel rhythm in dissolved oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah
R. Molitor
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ga-Yeong Kim
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Elaine Hartnett
- Clearas
Water Recovery, Inc., Missoula, Montana 59808, United States
| | - Benjamin Gincley
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Md Mahbubul Alam
- Department
of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Jianan Feng
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nickolas M. Avila
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Autumn Fisher
- Clearas
Water Recovery, Inc., Missoula, Montana 59808, United States
| | - Mahdi Hodaei
- Department
of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yalin Li
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kevin McGraw
- Clearas
Water Recovery, Inc., Missoula, Montana 59808, United States
| | - Roland D. Cusick
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ian M. Bradley
- Department
of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Research
and Education in Energy, Environmental and Water (RENEW) Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New
York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Ameet J. Pinto
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Guest
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Newmark Civil Engineering
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Xu H, Zhang L, Xu R, Yang B, Zhou Y. Iron cycle-enhanced anaerobic ammonium oxidation in microaerobic granular sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121022. [PMID: 38113591 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Granule-based partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PN/A) is an energy-efficient approach for treating ammonia wastewater. When treating low-strength ammonia wastewater, the stable synergy between PN and anammox is however difficult to establish due to unstable dissolved oxygen control. Here, we proposed, the PN/A granular sludge formed by a micro-oxygen-driven iron redox cycle with continuous aeration (0.42 ± 0.10 mg-O2/L) as a novel strategy to achieve stable and efficient nitrogen (N) removal. 240-day bioreactor operation showed that the iron-involved reactor had 37 % higher N removal efficiency than the iron-free reactor. Due to the formation of the microaerobic granular sludge (MGS), the bio(chemistry)-driven iron cycle could be formed with the support of anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to Fe3+ reduction. Both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and generated Fe2+ could scavenge the oxygen as a defensive shield for oxygen-sensitive anammox bacteria in the MGS. Moreover, the iron minerals derived from iron oxidation and Fe-P precipitates were also deposited on the MGS surface and/or embedded in the internal channels, thus reducing the size of the channels that could limit oxygen mass transfer inside the MGS. The spatiotemporal assembly of diverse functional microorganisms in the MGS for the realization of stable PN/A could be achieved with the support of the iron redox cycle. In contrast, the iron-free MGS could not optimize oxygen mass transfer, which led to an unstable and inefficient PN/A. This work provides an alternative iron-related autotrophic N removal for low-strength ammonia wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Liang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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Liu F, Xu H, Shen Y, Li F, Yang B. Rapid start-up strategy and microbial population evolution of anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm process for low-strength wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130201. [PMID: 38092077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process in treating low-strength wastewater is limited by the difficulty in enriching anammox bacteria (AnAOB). Here, the first enrichment of AnAOB at a high nitrogen (N) loading rate (NLR) as a strategy was proposed to achieve the rapid start-up of the anammox biofilm process treating low-strength wastewater. The long-term stability of the anammox biofilm process after start-up operating at a low NLR of 0.2-0.4 kg N/(m3⋅d) was evaluated. Results showed that the N removal efficiency was up to 75 % under a low NLR of 0.2 kg N/(m3⋅d) condition. Low-strength organic matter promoted the metabolic coupling between partial denitrifying bacteria (PDB) and AnAOB. The genus Candidatus Brocadia as AnAOB (18 %-27 %) can coexist with Limnobacter (PDB, 9 %-12 %) for efficient N removal. This study offers a rapid start-up strategy of anammox biofilm process in treating low-strength wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjian Liu
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Yunling Shen
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fang Li
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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5
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Lan Y, Li X, Du R, Fan X, Cao S, Peng Y. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation in acetate-driven partial denitrification process: Enhancing sludge granulation and phosphorus removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166659. [PMID: 37652380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) processes have emerged as a promising technology for efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, these processes fail to remove phosphorus (P), a key pollutant that contributes to water eutrophication. To address this issue, the potential of inducing hydroxyapatite (HAP) precipitation in PD processes to achieve simultaneous P removal was investigated for the first time. Specifically, three SBRs (R1-R3) for PD were operated with adding varying concentrations of external Ca (30, 60, and 120 mg/L, respectively). Results demonstrated significant P reduction in all three SBRs, particularly in R3 with high Ca, which achieved an 80 % removal efficiency. Notably, sludge granulation was observed during operation, with the granule size in R3 with high Ca reaching 906.1 μm during the stable period, exceeding those in R2 (788.7 μm) and R1 (707.1 μm). This led to good settle ability of the PD sludge, as demonstrated by the lowest SVI5 (20 mL/g MLSS). Moreover, the decrease in the MLVSS/MLSS ratio suggested that the inorganic content accumulated, as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy in the interior of the granules. Elemental composition analysis suggested that PD granules contained high P and Ca, while the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirmed the formation of HAP. Overall, this study demonstrated that PD-HAP coupled granular sludge process has potential as a robust and efficient method for nitrite production, as well as effective P removal and recovery, thereby advancing the application of anammox processes in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lan
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Fan
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shenbin Cao
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology, Chongqing 401121, PR China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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6
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Deng L, Dhar BR. Phosphorus recovery from wastewater via calcium phosphate precipitation: A critical review of methods, progress, and insights. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138685. [PMID: 37060960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the important elements for human, animal, and plant life. Due to the development of the circular economy in recent years, the recovery of P from wastewater has received more attention. Recovery of P from domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewater in the form of calcium phosphate (CaP) by precipitation/crystallization process presents a low-cost and effective method. Recovered CaP could be used as P fertilizer and for other industrial applications. This review summarizes the effects of supersaturation, pH, seed materials, calcium (Ca) source, and wastewater composition, on the precipitation/crystallization process. The recovery efficiency and value proposition of recovered CaP were assessed. This in-depth analysis of the literature reports identified the process parameters that are worth further optimization. The review also provides perspectives on future research needs on expanding the application field of recovered CaP and finding other more economical and environmentally friendly Ca sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
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Yang W, Xu L, Su J, Wang Z, Zhang L. Simultaneous removal of phosphate, calcium, and ammonia nitrogen in a hydrogel immobilized reactor with bentonite/lanthanum/PVA based on microbial induced calcium precipitation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138460. [PMID: 36948049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it is urgent to solve nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in domestic wastewater. The target strain Pseudomonas sp. Y1 was immobilized using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix coupled with bentonite and lanthanum (La), respectively, to fabricate four hydrogel materials that used to construct bioreactors. The optimal operating parameters and dephosphorization mechanism were discussed, and the effects of hydrogel materials and different loads on the performance of the bioreactor were contrastively analyzed. The results manifested that when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 6.0 h, the C/N was 6.0, and the Ca2+ concentration was 100.0 mg L-1, the bioreactors had the best heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) and biomineralization capacity, and the maximum removal efficiencies of Ca2+, PO43--P, and NH4+-N were 82.57, 99.17, and 89.08%, respectively. The operation data indicated that the addition of bentonite significantly promoted HNAD, and the bioreactor had stronger dephosphorization ability in the presence of La. The main phosphorous removal mechanisms were confirmed to be adsorption and co-precipitation. Finally, high-throughput sequencing results indicated that Pseudomonas accounted for the paramount proportion in the bioreactor, and the prediction of functional genes indicated that the C/N of 6.0 is more favorable for the expression of nitrogen removal-related functional genes in the bioreactor system. This study highlights the superiority of microbial induced calcium precipitation (MICP) combined with PVA hydrogel, and provides a theoretical basis for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphate removal of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lingfei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Amancio Frutuoso FK, Ferreira Dos Santos A, da Silva França LL, Mendes Barros AR, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Influence of salt addition to stimulating biopolymers production in aerobic granular sludge systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137006. [PMID: 36330972 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The influence of salt addition to stimulating biopolymers production in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems was evaluated. The control systems (R1: acetate and R2: propionate) initially obtained less accumulation of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), indicating that the osmotic pressure in the salt-supplemented systems (R3: acetate and R4: propionate) contributed to biomass growth. However, the salt-supplemented systems collapsed between days 110 and 130 of operation. R3 and R4 showed better performance regarding nutrients removal due to the greater abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria and phosphate-accumulating organisms. Salt also contributed to the higher production of biopolymers such as alginate-like exopolymers (ALE) per gram of volatile suspended solids (VSS) (R1: 397 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R2: 140 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R3: 483 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R4: 311 mgALE∙gVSS-1). Amino acids like tyrosine and tryptophan were better identified in extracellular polymeric substances extract from salt-operated reactors. This study brings important results in the context of resource recovery by treating saline effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Enhancing Effects of Sludge Biochar on Aerobic Granular Sludge for Wastewater Treatment. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sludge biochar can be used as bio-carrier to enhance aerobic granular sludge, however, its impact on the formation and especially long-term stability of aerobic granules has not been fully investigated. In this paper, aerobic granular sludge was cultivated in two parallel sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), R1 and R2, with and without sludge biochar addition in the activated sludge inoculum, respectively. The sludge characteristics, wastewater treatment performance, and microbial community structure of granular sludge were examined on a 240-day operation, during which aerobic granular sludge in the two reactors experienced dynamic changes including granule formation, maturation, breakage, filamentous proliferation, and recovery. Aerobic granules in R1 with biochar formed two weeks earlier than that in R2, presenting a larger mean size, and higher settling ability and biomass retention in the granule maturation period. Concurrently, aerobic granules in R1 showed higher denitrification ability with over 80% removal efficiency throughout the whole operation period. During the maturation period, the ratio of food to biomass (F/M) in R1 was below 0.5 gCOD/gVSS d while it ranged between 0.5 and 1.0 gCOD/gVSS d in R2 due to lower biomass retention. The elemental analysis showed more Ca and P accumulation in aerobic granular sludge from R1, with 3% Ca and 2.75% P in sludge from R1 and 0.91% Ca and 0.75% P in sludge from R2, respectively. The microbial community in R1 had higher richness, diversity, excretion of extracellular polymer substances (EPSs) and abundance of denitrifying genera than that in R2, supporting its higher stability and denitrification performance. These results demonstrated that aerobic granular sludge formed by using sludge biochar as a carrier for granulation can speed up granule formation, improve denitrification performance, and enhance the long-term stability of aerobic granules. The findings disclosed the enhancing effects of biochar for wastewater treatment by aerobic granular sludge, suggesting the potential of practical application of biochar in aerobic granular sludge-based reactors.
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Lin Z, He L, Zhou J, Shi S, He X, Fan X, Wang Y, He Q. Biologically induced phosphate precipitation in heterotrophic nitrification processes of different microbial aggregates: Influences of nitrogen removal metabolisms and extracellular polymeric substances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 356:127319. [PMID: 35595224 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) removal occurred in heterotrophic nitrification process, but its mechanism has not been fully explored. In this study, the P removal performances, pathways, and mechanisms in heterotrophic nitrification processes of different microbial aggregates (activated sludge and biofilm) were investigated. The results showed that the biofilm reactor had more efficient total nitrogen removal (98.65%) and phosphate removal (94.17%). Heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification processes generated alkalinity for biologically induced phosphate precipitation (BIPP), which contributed to 64.12%-78.81% of the overall P removal. The solid phase P content reached 48.03 mg/gSS with hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate formation. The study clarified that biofilm was beneficial to BIPP because of the nitrogen removal metabolism and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Heterotrophic nitrogen removal metabolism was the driving force of BIPP, while EPS with abundant carboxyl and amide groups promoted the precipitation. The study would provide new insights into simultaneous nutrients removal and P recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Shuohui Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuejie He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yingmu Wang
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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11
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Ji Y, Chen L, Cao R, Zhang Z, Zuo P, Xu X, Zhu L. Uncover the secret of the stability and interfacial Gibbs free energy of aerobic granular sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112693. [PMID: 35065066 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial Gibbs free energy (IGFE) as a thermodynamic indicator characterize the stability of the natural system. For aerobic granular sludge (AGS), how IGFE determines the stability of sludge remains to be determined. The Gibbs free energy change at the AGS-water interface (ΔGswa) and AGS interfaces (ΔGsc) were selected as the main interfacial thermodynamic factors. Results indicated that the stable AGS was guaranteed with ΔGsc at the range of -31 to - 46 J m-2. Pearson correlation coefficients between ΔGswa/ ΔGsc and relative hydrophobicity, water content, SVI30, integrity coefficient were -0.9, 0.8, 0.85, and 0.84, which illustrated that the IGFE could be a more comprehensive thermodynamic indicator. Microbial community and EPS analysis verified the importance of denitrifiers, Amide III, protein-like substances for AGS stability. This work offers a new insight into the development of AGS stability based on IGFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatong Ji
- Institution of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Runjuan Cao
- Institution of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Institution of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Pengxiao Zuo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Institution of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Institution of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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