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Bhatt P, Brown PB, Huang JY, Hussain AS, Liu HT, Simsek H. Algae and indigenous bacteria consortium in treatment of shrimp wastewater: A study for resource recovery in sustainable aquaculture system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118447. [PMID: 38341075 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Shrimp production facilities produce large quantities of wastewater, which consists of organic and inorganic pollutants. High concentrations of these pollutants in shrimp wastewater cause serious environmental problems and, therefore, a method of treating this wastewater is an important research topic. This study investigated the impact of algae and indigenous bacteria on treating shrimp wastewater. A total of four different microalgae cultures, including Chlorococcum minutus, Porphyridum cruentum, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella reinhardtii along with two cyanobacterial cultures, Microcystis aeruginosa and Fishcherella muscicola were used with indigenous bacterial cultures to treat shrimp wastewater. The highest soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal rate (95%) was observed in the samples that were incubated using F. muscicola. Total dissolved nitrogen was degraded >90% in the C. vulgaris, M. aeruginosa, and C. reinhardtii seeded samples. Dissolved organic nitrogen removal was significantly higher for C. vulgaris (93%) as compared to other treatments. Similarly, phosphate degradation was very successful for all the algae-bacteria consortium (>99%). Moreover, the degradation kinetics were calculated, and the lowest half-life (t1/2) for sCOD (5 days) was recorded for the samples seeded with M. aeruginosa. Similarly, treatment with F. muscicola and C. reinhardtii showed the lowest t1/2 of NH3-N (2.9 days) and phosphate (2.7 days) values. Overall, the results from this study suggest that the symbiotic relationship between indigenous bacteria and algae significantly enhanced the process of shrimp wastewater treatment within 21 days of incubation. The outcome of this study supports resource recovery in the aquaculture sector and could be beneficial to treat a large-scale shrimp facility's wastewater worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Paul B Brown
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jen-Yi Huang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Aya S Hussain
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Henry T Liu
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Halis Simsek
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Li M, Chen Z, Zhou D, Xu S, Qiu S, Ge S. Coagulation pretreatment coupled with indigenous microalgal-bacterial consortium system for on-site treatment of rural black wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169728. [PMID: 38160812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Improper treatment of rural black wastewater (RBW) presents substantial challenges, including the wastage of resource, environmental contamination, and economic consequences. This study proposed an integrated process for RBW treatment, consisting of coagulation/flocculation (C/F) pretreatment and subsequent inoculation of indigenous microalgal-bacterial consortium (IMBC) for nitrogen recovery, namely C/F-IMBC process. Specifically, the optimal C/F conditions (polyaluminium chloride of 4 g/l, polyacrylamide of 50 mg/l, and pH of 6) were determined through a series of single-factor experiments, considering CN, turbidity, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal, economic cost, and potential influence on the water environment. Compared to the sole IMBC system for RBW treatment, the proposed C/F-IMBC process exhibited a remarkable 1.23-fold increase in microalgal growth and a substantial 17.6-22.6 % boost in nitrogen recovery. The altered RBW characteristic induced by C/F pretreatment was supposed to be responsible for the improved system performance. In particular, the abundance of DOM was decreased and its composition was simplified after C/F pretreatment, based on the analysis for excitation-emission matrices with parallel factor and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, thus eliminating the potential impacts of toxic DOM components (e.g., Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) on IMBC activity. It should also be noted that C/F pretreatment modified microbial community structure as well, thereby regulating the expression of nitrogen-related genes and enhancing the system nitrogen recovery capacity. For instance, the functional Cyanobacteria responsible for nutrient recovery was enriched by 1.95-fold and genes involved in the assimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia pathway were increased by 1.52-fold. These fundamental findings are expected to offer insights into the improvement of DOM removal and nitrogen recovery for IMBC-based wastewater treatment system, and provide valuable guidance for the development of sustainable on-site RBW treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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Fan J, Yuan W, Zhang X, Ji B, Du X. Oxygen affinity and light intensity induced robust phosphorus removal and fragile ammonia removal in a non-aerated bacteria-algae system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169013. [PMID: 38040345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-aerated bacteria-algae system gaining O2 through photosynthesis presents an alternative for costly mechanical aeration. This study investigated oxygen supply and performance of nutrients removal at low and high light intensity (LL and HL). The results showed that P removal was high and robust (LL 97 ± 1.8 %, HL 95 % ± 2.9 %), while NH4+-N removal fluctuated dramatically (LL 66 ± 14.7 %, HL 84 ± 8.6 %). Oxygen generated at illumination of 200 μmol m-2 s-1, 6 h was sufficient to sustain aerobic phase for 2.25 g/L MLSS. However, O2 produced by algae was preferentially captured in the order of heterotrophic bacteria (HB), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Oxygen affinity coupled with light intensity led to NOB suppression with stable nitrite accumulation ratio of 57 %. Free nitrous acid (FNA) and light stimulated the abundance of denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organism (DPAO) of Flavobacterium, but with declined P-accumulating metabolism (PAM) of P release, P/C, K/P and Mg/P ratios. Flavobacterium and cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya, along with biologically induced CaP in extracellular polymeric substances was the key to robust P removal. AOB of Ellin6067 and DPAO of Flavobacteria offer a promising scenario for partial nitrification-denitrifying phosphorus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- College of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Wu Yuan
- College of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xujie Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bin Ji
- College of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xingyu Du
- College of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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Zou X, Zhao S, Xu K, Fang C, Shen Z, Yan C, Dong L, Qin Z, Zhao X, Zhao J, Liang X. Eco-friendly microalgae harvesting using lipid-cored particles with a comparative life-cycle assessment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 392:130023. [PMID: 37972903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed an innovative approach using lipid-cored particles (LCPs) aimed at addressing the efficiency, cost, and environmental impact challenges in microalgae harvesting. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and chitosan (CS) were used to modify LCPs and to optimize efficiency and investigate the mechanisms of harvesting with Chlorella vulgaris. Results showed that a maximum harvesting efficiency of 97.14 % was achieved using CS-LCPs. Zeta potential and microscopic images revealed the presence of embedded CS-LCPs within microalgal flocs. Fractal dimension data suggested looser aggregates of CS-LCPs and Chlorella vulgaris, corroborated by Excitation-emission matrices (EEM) analysis further confirmation the presence of bridging networks. Moreover, life cycle assessment of five harvesting methods pointed freshwater ecotoxicity potential (FEP) and terrestrial ecotoxicity potential (TEP) as major environmental impacts, mainly from flocculant use, carrier production, and electricity consumption. Notably, LCPs showed the lowest global warming potential (GWP) at 1.54 kg CO2 eq, offering a viable, low-carbon, cost-effective harvesting alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zou
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Shaohua Zhao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Kaiwei Xu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Changqing Fang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Zhou Shen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chang Yan
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Liming Dong
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Zhaoyue Qin
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Xiongbo Liang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
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