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Kasaiyan M, Basiri M, Pajouhanfar S. The role of miRNA134 in pathogenesis and treatment of intractable epilepsy: a review article. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38531025 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2331046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA-134 (miRNA134) has emerged as a critical regulator in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, particularly in intractable cases resistant to conventional therapies. This review explores the multifaceted roles of miRNA134 in epileptogenesis, focusing on its influence on dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity. Through its interactions with proteins such as LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1), Pumilio 2 (PUM2), and Tubby-like protein 1 (TULP1), miRNA134 modulates various molecular pathways implicated in epilepsy development. Preclinical studies have shown pro-mising results in targeting miRNA134 for mitigating seizure activity, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Furthermore, miRNA134 holds promise as a biomarker for epilepsy diagnosis and prognosis, offering opportunities for personalized treatment approaches. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying miRNA134's effects and to translate these findings into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maniya Kasaiyan
- Division of Child Neurology, Pediatrics Department, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NYCHHC/Queens, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sara Pajouhanfar
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Zhang M, Yang H, Chen Z, Hu X, Wu T, Liu W. Long Noncoding RNA X-Inactive-Specific Transcript Promotes the Secretion of Inflammatory Cytokines in LPS Stimulated Astrocyte Cell Via Sponging miR-29c-3p and Regulating Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell 5 Expression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:573143. [PMID: 33776905 PMCID: PMC7995889 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.573143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocyte activation promotes glutamate accumulation and secretion of inflammatory factors, mainly responsible for epilepsy. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) regulates inflammation; however, the biological role and regulatory mechanism of XIST during astrocyte activation remain unclear. METHODS In the present study, rat epilepsy model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated CTX-TNA2 were established. XIST and miR-29c-3p expression were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) was measured using western blot analysis. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and L-glutamate levels in the culture supernatants were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The binding between XIST and miR-29c-3p and between miR-29c-3p and the 3'-UTR of NFAT5 was analyzed using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and Biotin pull-down assay. The proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK8 and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS XIST expression and NFAT5 protein level was increased, whereas miR-29c-3p expression was decreased in the epilepsy rat model and LPS-treated CTX-TNA2 cells. Silenced XIST expression, miR-29c-3p overexpression, or silenced NFAT5 expression inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and promoted glutamate transport in LPS-treated CTX-TNA2 cells. miR-29c-3p was the potential miRNA sponged by XIST. NFAT5 acted as a direct binding target of miR-29c-3p. Silenced miR-29c-3p expression or NFAT5 overexpression reversed the effect of silenced XIST expression on LPS-treated CTX-TNA2.XIST and miR-29c-3p treatment does not affect NFAT5 mRNA expression, but affects NFAT5 protein level. Furthermore, underexpressed XIST or overexpressed miR-29c-3p in LPS-stimulated CTX-TNA2 can attenuate neuronal apoptosis induced by LPS-stimulated CTX-TNA2. CONCLUSION LncRNA XIST promotes the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in LPS- treated CTX-TNA2 via sponging miR-29c-3p and regulating NFAT5 expression.
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Almeida Silva LF, Reschke CR, Nguyen NT, Langa E, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Gerbatin RR, Temp FR, de Freitas ML, Conroy RM, Brennan GP, Engel T, Henshall DC. Genetic deletion of microRNA-22 blunts the inflammatory transcriptional response to status epilepticus and exacerbates epilepsy in mice. Mol Brain 2020; 13:114. [PMID: 32825833 PMCID: PMC7441563 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs perform important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Sequencing as well as functional studies using antisense oligonucleotides indicate important roles for microRNAs during the development of epilepsy through targeting transcripts involved in neuronal structure, gliosis and inflammation. MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) has been reported to protect against the development of epileptogenic brain networks through suppression of neuroinflammatory signalling. Here, we used mice with a genetic deletion of miR-22 to extend these insights. Mice lacking miR-22 displayed normal behaviour and brain structure and developed similar status epilepticus after intraamygdala kainic acid compared to wildtype animals. Continuous EEG monitoring after status epilepticus revealed, however, an accelerated and exacerbated epilepsy phenotype whereby spontaneous seizures began sooner, occurred more frequently and were of longer duration in miR-22-deficient mice. RNA sequencing analysis of the hippocampus during the period of epileptogenesis revealed a specific suppression of inflammatory signalling in the hippocampus of miR-22-deficient mice. Taken together, these findings indicate a role for miR-22 in establishing early inflammatory responses to status epilepticus. Inflammatory signalling may serve anti-epileptogenic functions and cautions the timing of anti-inflammatory interventions for the treatment of status epilepticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F Almeida Silva
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ngoc T Nguyen
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rogerio R Gerbatin
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fernanda R Temp
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mayara L de Freitas
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronan M Conroy
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland. .,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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