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Arjmand B, Abedi M, Arabi M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Hadavandkhani M, Tayanloo-Beik A, Kordi R, Roudsari PP, Larijani B. Regenerative Medicine for the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease; Status and Future Perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704903. [PMID: 34568321 PMCID: PMC8461329 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is now the leading cause of adult death in the world. According to new estimates from the World Health Organization, myocardial infarction (MI) is responsible for four out of every five deaths due to cardiovascular disease. Conventional treatments of MI are taking aspirin and nitroglycerin as intermediate treatments and injecting antithrombotic agents within the first 3 h after MI. Coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention are the most common long term treatments. Since none of these interventions will fully regenerate the infarcted myocardium, there is value in pursuing more innovative therapeutic approaches. Regenerative medicine is an innovative interdisciplinary method for rebuilding, replacing, or repairing the missed part of different organs in the body, as similar as possible to the primary structure. In recent years, regenerative medicine has been widely utilized as a treatment for ischemic heart disease (one of the most fatal factors around the world) to repair the lost part of the heart by using stem cells. Here, the development of mesenchymal stem cells causes a breakthrough in the treatment of different cardiovascular diseases. They are easily obtainable from different sources, and expanded and enriched easily, with no need for immunosuppressing agents before transplantation, and fewer possibilities of genetic abnormality accompany them through multiple passages. The production of new cardiomyocytes can result from the transplantation of different types of stem cells. Accordingly, due to its remarkable benefits, stem cell therapy has received attention in recent years as it provides a drug-free and surgical treatment for patients and encourages a more safe and feasible cardiac repair. Although different clinical trials have reported on the promising benefits of stem cell therapy, there is still uncertainty about its mechanism of action. It is important to conduct different preclinical and clinical studies to explore the exact mechanism of action of the cells. After reviewing the pathophysiology of MI, this study addresses the role of tissue regeneration using various materials, including different types of stem cells. It proves some appropriate data about the importance of ethical problems, which leads to future perspectives on this scientific method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Abedi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Arabi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Hadavandkhani
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ruan DT, Gao S, Shelat H, King B, Geng YJ. Differential expression of microRNA and arachidonic acid metabolism in aspirin-treated human cardiac and peri-cardiac fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 127:106651. [PMID: 32044414 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin is a widely used drug with anti-coagulating and anti-inflammatory effects on atherosclerotic vascular disease. The goal of this study was to investigate expression of microRNA (miR) in association with changes in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in cardiac and surrounding fat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treated with or without aspirin. Aspirin-targeted endogenous lipid metabolites that impact specific miRNA expression were examined by mass spectrometry. The pattern of miR expression was characterized using a microarray of 1100 miRs. There were a dozen miRs expressed differentially in MSCs from human myocardium and peri-myocardial fat tissue at baseline, including hsa-miR-1307-3p, 765, 4739, 3613-3p, 4281, 6816-5p, 2861, and 146b-5p. After exposure to aspirin, cardiac MSCs expressed an array of of miRs (eg, hsa-miR-4734, 10a-5p, 4267, 3197, and 3182), while generation of their endogenous AA metabolites was depressed. However, in the peri-cardiac adipose tissue-derived MSCs, treatment with the same doses of aspirin caused mild changes in the miR expression levels. In conclusion, MSCs from human myocardium and peri-myocardial fat tissue respond differentially to aspirin treatment by alterations in miR expression and AA metabolism. The study further raises an intriguing issue as to whether the copious amounts of aspirin taken worldwide by patients with cardiovascular disease may have direct impacts on their heart repair processes by regulation of stromal cell miR expression and AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana T Ruan
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Harnath Shelat
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Bridgette King
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America.
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Pereira RM, Mekary RA, da Cruz Rodrigues KC, Anaruma CP, Ropelle ER, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Pauli JR, de Moura LP. Protective molecular mechanisms of clusterin against apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Heart Fail Rev 2019; 23:123-129. [PMID: 28948410 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-017-9654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss of cardiomyocytes occurs with aging and contributes to cardiovascular complications. In the present study, we highlighted the role of clusterin, a protein that has recently been associated with the protection of cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. Clusterin protects cardiac cells against damage from myocardial infarction, transplant, or myocarditis. Clusterin can act directly or indirectly on apoptosis by regulating several intracellular pathways. These pathways include (1) the oxidant and inflammatory program, (2) insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) pathway, (3) KU70 / BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) pathway, (4) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) pathway, (5) BCL-2 antagonist of cell death (BAD) pathway, and (6) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Given the key role of clusterin in preventing loss of cardiac tissue, modulating the expression and function of this protein carries the potential of improving cardiovascular care in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Martins Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Business and Administrative Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chadi Pellegrini Anaruma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria St, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil. .,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Tao Z, Tan S, Chen W, Chen X. Stem Cell Homing: a Potential Therapeutic Strategy Unproven for Treatment of Myocardial Injury. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2018; 11:403-411. [PMID: 30324254 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-018-9823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in the prevention and therapeutic modalities of ischemic heart disease, morbidity and mortality post-infarction heart failure remain big challenges in modern society. Stem cell therapy is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy. Stem cell homing, the ability of stem cells to find their destination, is receiving more attention. Identification of specific cues and understanding the signaling pathways that direct stem cells to targeted destination will improve stem cell homing efficiency. This review discusses the cellular and molecular mechanism of stem cell homing at length in the light of literature and analyzes the problem and considerations of this approach as a treatment strategy for the treatment of ischemic heart disease clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Tao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Lv J, Sun X, Ma J, Ma X, Zhang Y, Li F, Li Y, Zhao Z. Netrin-1 induces the migration of Schwann cells via p38 MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway mediated by the UNC5B receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:263-8. [PMID: 26116534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) play an essentially supportive role in the regeneration of injured peripheral nerve system (PNS). As Netrin-1 is crucial for the normal development of nervous system (NS) and can direct the process of damaged PNS regeneration, our study was designed to determine the role of Netrin-1 in RSC96 Schwann cells (an immortalized rat Schwann cell line) proliferation and migration. Our studies demonstrated that Netrin-1 had no effect on RSC96 cells proliferation, while significantly promoted RSC96 cells migration. The Netrin-1-induced RSC96 cells migration was significantly attenuated by inhibition of p38 and PI3K through pretreatment with SB203580 and LY294002 respectively, but not inhibition of MEK1/2 and JNK by U0126-EtOH and SP600125 individually. Treatment with Netrin-1 enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 and Akt. QRT-PCR indicated that Netrin-1 and only its receptors Unc5a, Unc5b and Neogenin were expressed in RSC96 cells, among which Unc5b expressed the most. And UNC5B protein was significantly increased after stimulated by Netrin-1. In conclusion, we show here that Netrin-1-enhanced SCs migration is mediated by activating p38 MAPK and PI3K-Akt signal cascades via receptor UNC5B, which suggests that Netrin-1 could serve as a new therapeutic strategy and has potential application value for PNS regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Lv
- General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jianxiong Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Fengbo Li
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhihu Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 155, Munan Road, Tianjin 300050, China
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Bar-Or D, Thomas GW, Rael LT, Gersch ED, Rubinstein P, Brody E. Low Molecular Weight Fraction of Commercial Human Serum Albumin Induces Morphologic and Transcriptional Changes of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:945-55. [PMID: 26041739 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic disease of the joint; however, the therapeutic options for severe OA are limited. The low molecular weight fraction of commercial 5% human serum albumin (LMWF5A) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties that are mediated, in part, by a diketopiperazine that is present in the albumin preparation and that was demonstrated to be safe and effective in reducing pain and improving function when administered intra-articularly in a phase III clinical trial. In the present study, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exposed to LMWF5A exhibited an elongated phenotype with diffuse intracellular F-actin, pronounced migratory leading edges, and filopodia-like projections. In addition, LMWF5A promoted chondrogenic condensation in "micromass" culture, concurrent with the upregulation of collagen 2α1 mRNA. Furthermore, the transcription of the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis was significantly regulated in a manner conducive to migration and homing. Several transcription factors involved in stem cell differentiation were also found to bind oligonucleotide response element probes following exposure to LMWF5A. Finally, a rapid increase in PRAS40 phosphorylation was observed following treatment, potentially resulting in the activation mTORC1. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid taken from a preliminary set of patients indicated that at 12 weeks following administration of LMWF5A, a microenvironment exists in the knee conducive to stem cell infiltration, self-renewal, and differentiation, in addition to indications of remodeling with a reduction in inflammation. Taken together, these findings imply that LMWF5A treatment may prime stem cells for both mobilization and chondrogenic differentiation, potentially explaining some of the beneficial effects achieved in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bar-Or
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregory W Thomas
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Leonard T Rael
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Gersch
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Pablo Rubinstein
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Edward Brody
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research Department, Englewood, Colorado, USA; St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research Department, Lakewood, Colorado, USA; Medical Center of Plano, Trauma Research Department, Plano, Texas, USA; Ampio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Englewood, Colorado, USA; New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA; SomaLogic Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
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7
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Liu X, Meng L, Li J, Meng J, Teng X, Gu H, Hu S, Wei Y. Secretory clusterin is upregulated in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by systemic-to-pulmonary shunts and exerts important roles in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:505-18. [PMID: 25069740 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Phenotype modification of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) (excessive proliferation, migration and impaired apoptosis) plays central roles in pulmonary vascular remodelling of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, the potential mechanism and contributing factors involved in the phenotype alteration in PASMCs are still not completely elucidated. This study attempted to investigate the expression pattern of secretory clusterin (sCLU), a prosurvival protein, in systemic-to-pulmonary shunt-induced PAH rats and the potential roles of sCLU in pulmonary vascular remodelling. METHODS An original rat model of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt-induced PAH was established by combined surgery as we previously reported. Lung tissues were harvested at specific time points for real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemisty analysis; meanwhile, plasma was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell culture experiments were performed using cultured human PASMCs (HPASMCs). RESULTS Expression of sCLU was significantly increased in lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Moreover, plasma sCLU levels were markedly elevated with the progression of PAH in rats and also presented a positive correlation with pulmonary hemodynamic indices. In vitro cell culture assay indicated that sCLU expression and secretion increased with the phenotype modification of HPASMCs; furthermore, sCLU promoted HPASMCs proliferation, migration and apoptosis resistance, at least in part, via Erk1/2 and Akt signalling pathways. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that sCLU is functionally an important phenotype modulator of PASMCs, and its upregulation in lung tissues may exert a deteriorative role in pulmonary vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
- Medical Research Center; Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - L. Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - J. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - J. Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - X. Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - H. Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - S. Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Y. Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
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Zhou H, Yang J, Xin T, Zhang T, Hu S, Zhou S, Chen G, Chen Y. Exendin-4 enhances the migration of adipose-derived stem cells to neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte-derived conditioned medium via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt-stromal cell-derived factor-1α/CXC chemokine receptor 4 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4063-72. [PMID: 25625935 PMCID: PMC4394957 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered a suitable source of cells for the repair of tissue following acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, the transplantation efficiency of ADSCs remains low. Therefore, identification of an efficient method to enhance the migration of engrafted cells to the target site is required. The present study used exendin-4 (Ex-4), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, to optimize the migratory capacity of ADSCs. The aim was to determine the effect and mechanisms of Ex-4 on the migration of ADSCs to neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte-derived conditioned medium (NRVC-CM). The ADSCs and cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro. Following incubation of the ADSCs with Ex-4, cell proliferation was measured using an MTT assay and the expression levels of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) were investigated by reverse transctiption quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and flow cytometry. In addition, the expression levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) were evaluated in the NRVC-CM treated with Ex-4 by ELISA, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The migration of the ADSCs to the NRVC-CM was examined using a Transwell assay. Changes in the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p−)Akt were examined in the two types of cell by western blot analysis. The results suggested that Ex-4 promoted the proliferation and expression of CXCR4 in the ADSCs, increased the secretion of SDF-1α in the cardiomyocytes and increased the expression levels of p-Akt in both cells. However, the alterations to the SDF-1α/C XC R4 cascade in the cells were abrogated following pretreatment with LY-294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) inhibitor. Furthermore, a Transwell migration assay revealed marked translocation of the ADSCs through the membranes, towards the NRVC-CM, following treatment with Ex-4. However, these effects were reduced significantly by pretreatment of the cells with the SDF-1α/CXCR4 cascade antagonist, AMD3100, and the PI3K inhibitor, LY-294002. These results indicated that Ex-4 augmented the SDF-1α/CXCR4 cascade by activating the PI3K/Akt pathways in the ADSCs and NRVCs. Furthermore, enhancement of the PI3K/Akt-SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway may be important in the migratory response of ADSCs to NRVC-CM in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shunyin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberty Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Omatsu-Kanbe M, Nishino Y, Nozuchi N, Sugihara H, Matsuura H. Prion protein- and cardiac troponin T-marked interstitial cells from the adult myocardium spontaneously develop into beating cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7301. [PMID: 25466571 PMCID: PMC4252891 DOI: 10.1038/srep07301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypically-shaped cardiomyocytes (ACMs) constitute a novel subpopulation of beating heart cells found in the cultures of cardiac myocyte-removed crude fraction cells obtained from adult mouse cardiac ventricles. Although ~500 beating ACMs are observed under microscope in the cell cultures obtained from the hearts of either male or female mice, the origin of these cells in cardiac tissue has yet to be elucidated due to the lack of exclusive markers. In the present study, we demonstrate the efficacy of cellular prion protein (PrP) as a surface marker of ACMs. Cells expressing PrP at the plasma membrane in the culture of the crude fraction cells were found to develop into beating ACMs by themselves or fuse with each other to become larger multinuclear beating ACMs. Combining PrP with a cardiac-specific contractile protein cardiac troponin T (cTnT) allowed us to identify native ACMs in the mouse cardiac ventricles as either clustered or solitary cells. PrP- and cTnT-marked cells were also found in the adult, even aged, human cardiac ventricles. These findings suggest that interstitial cells marked by PrP and cTnT, native ACMs, exhibit life-long survival in the cardiac ventricles of both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Omatsu-Kanbe
- Department of Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yuka Nishino
- Department of Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Nozomi Nozuchi
- Department of Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugihara
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192 Japan
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Kovak MR, Saraswati S, Schoen DJ, Diekman AB. Investigation of galectin-3 function in the reproductive tract by identification of binding ligands in human seminal plasma. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 72:403-12. [PMID: 24863808 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside binding protein with immunomodulatory properties and exerts its extracellular functions via interactions with glycoconjugate ligands. Therefore, to elucidate the function of galectin-3, binding ligands in human seminal plasma were investigated. METHOD OF STUDY Galectin-3 binding proteins were isolated from seminal plasma by affinity chromatography, and candidate ligands were identified by MS/MS. Biochemical methods were used to characterize the ability of galectin-3 to bind its ligands. RESULTS Identified galectin-3 ligands included CD13, MUC6, PAP, PSA, and ZAG. 1D and 2D electrophoretic analysis of seminal plasma demonstrated that CD13, PAP, PSA, and ZAG immunoreactivity co-migrated with galectin-3-reactive protein bands and spots at expected molecular weights and pIs. Inhibition assays indicated that CD13, PSA, PAP, and ZAG interact with galectin-3 in a protein-carbohydrate manner. CONCLUSION The galectin-3 binding ligands identified in this study indicate multiple roles for galectin-3 in the reproductive and immunological functions of seminal plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kovak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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11
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Nguan CYC, Guan Q, Gleave ME, Du C. Promotion of cell proliferation by clusterin in the renal tissue repair phase after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 306:F724-33. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00410.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal repair begins soon after the kidney suffers ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); however, its molecular pathways are not fully understood. Clusterin (Clu) is a chaperone protein with cytoprotective functions in renal IRI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Clu in renal repair after IRI. IRI was induced in the left kidneys of wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J (B6) vs. Clu knockout (KO) B6 mice by clamping the renal pedicles for 28–45 min at the body temperature of 32°C. The renal repair was assessed by histology and confirmed by renal function. Gene expression was examined using PCR array. Here, we show that following IRI, renal tubular damage and Clu expression in WT kidneys were induced at day 1, reached the maximum at day 3, and significantly diminished at day 7 along with normal function, whereas the tubular damage in Clu KO kidneys steadily increased from initiation of insult to the end of the experiment, when renal failure occurred. Renal repair in WT kidneys was positively correlated with an increase in Ki67+ proliferative tubular cells and survival from IRI. The functions of Clu in renal repair and renal tubular cell proliferation in cultures were associated with upregulation of a panel of genes that could positively regulate cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair, which might promote cell proliferation but not involve cell migration. In conclusion, these data suggest that Clu is required for renal tissue regeneration in the kidney repair phase after IRI, which is associated with promotion of tubular cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Y. C. Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin E. Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Pawar RD, Williams T, Khera R, Eid A, Aljitawi OS, Dusing RW. Inflammatory response following neutrophil recovery postchemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia cases without evidence of infection: role of homing of neutrophils. J Blood Med 2014; 5:37-41. [PMID: 24648782 PMCID: PMC3956695 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s53616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutropenic sepsis is a common clinical entity occurring in postchemotherapy patients. Infection may not be the cause of fever in such patients after neutrophil-count recovery. Herein, we present two patients who developed fever during the neutropenic phase of induction chemotherapy and were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics until they were no longer febrile and had recovered their neutrophil count. Being off antibiotics, they redeveloped fever within 48–72 hours. These fevers seemed to be secondary to postinfectious inflammatory response and not infection, supported by the fact that adequate antibiotic treatment was given and the collected fluid contained neutrophils but the cultures were negative. We hypothesize an explanation for this phenomenon based on the “homing of neutrophils” to bone marrow, which involves chemoattraction of CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)-4 expressed on neutrophils towards the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 (CXCL12) expressed constitutively by bone marrow. Literature has shown that elevation of SDF-1 levels at injured/inflamed sites might create a similar gradient. This gradient results in the migration of neutrophils to the sites of previous injury/inflammation, leading to the formation of sterile abscesses. Based on our cases, we also conclude that antibiotics do not prevent the formation or treat such sterile “abscesses”; however, the drainage of these “abscesses” and treatment with anti-inflammatory agents are useful in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul D Pawar
- Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Travis Williams
- Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rahul Khera
- Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Albert Eid
- Infectious Diseases, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Omar S Aljitawi
- Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA ; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reginald W Dusing
- Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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13
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Kang BH, Shim YJ, Tae YK, Song JA, Choi BK, Park IS, Min BH. Clusterin stimulates the chemotactic migration of macrophages through a pertussis toxin sensitive G-protein-coupled receptor and Gβγ-dependent pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 445:645-50. [PMID: 24569077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin induces the expression of various chemotactic cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in macrophages and is involved in the cell migration. According to the results of this study, clusterin induced the directional migration (chemotaxis) of macrophages based on a checkerboard analysis. The chemotactic activity of clusterin was prevented by pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX), indicating that the Gαi/o-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) was involved in the chemotactic response of clusterin. Clusterin-stimulated chemotaxis was abrogated in a dose-dependent manner by pretreatment with gallein (a Gβγ inhibitor), indicating the involvement of Gβγ released from the GPCR. In addition, inhibitors of phospholipase C (PLC, U73122) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K, LY294002), the key targets of Gβγ binding and activation, suppressed chemotactic migration by clusterin. The phosphorylation of Akt induced by clusterin was blocked by pretreatment with gallein or LY294002 but not with U73122, indicating that Gβγ released from the PTX-sensitive Gi protein complex activated PLC and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways separately. The activation of cellular MAP kinases was essential in that their inhibitors blocked clusterin-induced chemotaxis, and Gβγ was required for the activation of MAP kinases because gallein reduced their phosphorylations induced by clusterin. In addition, the inflammation-induced migration of macrophages was greatly reduced in clusterin-deficient mice based on a thioglycollate-induced peritonitis model system. These results suggest that clusterin stimulates the chemotactic migration of macrophages through a PTX-sensitive GPCR and Gβγ-dependent pathways and describe a novel role of clusterin as a chemoattractant of monocytes/macrophages, suggesting that clusterin may serve as a molecular bridge between inflammation and its remodeling of related tissue by recruiting immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Ho Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Shim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Keung Tae
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Kwan Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Hong Min
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kovak MR, Saraswati S, Goddard SD, Diekman AB. Proteomic identification of galectin-3 binding ligands and characterization of galectin-3 proteolytic cleavage in human prostasomes. Andrology 2013; 1:682-91. [PMID: 23836758 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a multifunctional carbohydrate-binding protein that was previously characterized as a proteolytic substrate for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and was shown to be associated with prostasomes in human semen. Prostasomes are exosome-like vesicles that are secreted by the prostatic epithelium and have multiple proposed functions in normal reproduction and prostate cancer. In the current study, galectin-3 binding ligands in human prostasomes were identified and characterized with the goal to investigate galectin-3 function in prostasomes. Galectin-3 binding proteins were isolated by affinity column chromatography. Candidate ligands identified by MS/MS were PSA, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), zinc alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (CD26), aminopeptidase N (CD13), neprilysin, clusterin, antibacterial protein (FALL-39) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (ORM1). Biochemical methods were used to characterize the ability of galectin-3 to bind to selected ligands, and galectin-3 cleavage assays were utilized to investigate the protease(s) in prostasomes that cleaves galectin-3. CD26, CD13, PSA, PAP and ZAG immunoreactivity were detected in extracts of purified prostasomes. One-dimensional electroblot analysis of prostasomes demonstrated that CD26, PAP and CD13 immunoreactivity co-migrated with galectin-3-reactive protein bands. PSA and ZAG were found to be associated with the surface of prostasomes. Both intact and cleaved galectin-3 were detected in prostate and prostasome extracts. Cleavage and inhibition assays indicated that PSA in prostasomes proteolytically cleaves galectin-3. The identification of these glycoproteins as galectin-3 ligands lays the groundwork for future studies of galectin-3 and prostasome function in reproduction and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Kovak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Cencioni C, Capogrossi MC, Napolitano M. The SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in stem cell preconditioning. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 94:400-7. [PMID: 22451511 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the pivotal role of the stromal derived factor (SDF)-1 chemokine in tissue ischaemia and how it orchestrates the rapid revascularization of injured, ischaemic, and regenerating tissues via the CXC chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of preconditioning (PC), which is a well-known protective phenomenon for tissue ischaemia. The positive effect of both hypoxic and acidic PC on progenitor cell therapeutic potential is reviewed, while stressing the role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cencioni
- Laboratorio di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via Carlo Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
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