Two populations of TSPO binding sites in oral cancer SCC-15 cells

Decoding Oral Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression in Whole Cigarette Smoke Exposure: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aims to highlight the molecular mechanisms by which whole cigarette smoke affects oral carcinogenesis and its progression in human oral cells, based on evidence from original research articles published in the literature. A literature search was conducted using three databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed from May to June 2024. The articles were screened, and the data were extracted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines (2020). The included studies were subsequently evaluated using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool for bias factors. From the 14 included studies, two types of cell lines were frequently utilized: human oral mucosal epithelial cells or oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. In these cell lines, one of three forms of exposure was applied: cigarette smoke, its extract, or condensate. The mechanism of oral carcinogenesis and tumor progression includes aberrations in the heme metabolic pathway, modulation of miRNA-145, NOD1 and BiP expression, MMP-2, MMP-9, and cathepsin modulation, abnormal TSPO binding, RIP2-mediated NF-κB activation, MZF1-mediated VEGF binding, and activation of the RAGE signaling pathway. In conclusion, cigarette smoke significantly influences the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma, based on the evidence highlighted in human oral cells. While previous studies have focused on specific carcinogens and pathways, this review added to our understanding of the overall impact of whole cigarette smoke on oral carcinogenesis at the molecular and cellular levels.

Pathway-focused PCR array profiling of CAL-27 cell with over-expressed ZNF750

Zinc-finger protein 750 (ZNF750) is the potential anti-cancer gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present study was to investigate the expression changes of ZNF750 in OSCC tissue and to reveal the induction of altered mRNA expression profiles caused by over-expressed ZNF750 in CAL-27 cell. The expression level of ZNF750 in tissue specimens from OSCC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression profiling was performed using Human Signal Transduction PathwayFinder RT² Profiler™ PCR Array. The expression changes of 84 key genes representing 10 signal transduction pathways in human following over-expressed ZNF750 in CAL-27 cell was examined. The expression of ZNF750 protein was reduced in OSCC tissues. The R² PCR Array analysis revealed that 39 of the 84 examined genes that changed at least a two-fold between control and ZNF750 groups. These genes related to oxidative stress, WNT, JAK/STAT, TGFβ, NF-kappaB (NFκB), p53, Notch, Hedgehog, PPAR and Hypoxia signaling. ZNF750 could inhibit the candidate genes ATF4, SQSTM1, HMOX1, CCND1, TNF-alpha, TNFSF10 and FOSL1 but activate CDKN1A and EMP1. Our studies suggest that ZNF750 can regulate signaling pathways that related to proliferation, cell cycle, inflammation and oxidative stress in CAL-27 cell.