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Izhiman Y, Esfandiari L. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles and exogenous stimuli in molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1368630. [PMID: 38572074 PMCID: PMC10989355 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1368630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries lead to significant morbidity and adversely affect quality of life. The peripheral nervous system harbors the unique trait of autonomous regeneration; however, achieving successful regeneration remains uncertain. Research continues to augment and expedite successful peripheral nerve recovery, offering promising strategies for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration (PNR). These include leveraging extracellular vesicle (EV) communication and harnessing cellular activation through electrical and mechanical stimulation. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), 30-150 nm in diameter, play a pivotal role in regulating intercellular communication within the regenerative cascade, specifically among nerve cells, Schwann cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts. Furthermore, the utilization of exogenous stimuli, including electrical stimulation (ES), ultrasound stimulation (US), and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), offers remarkable advantages in accelerating and augmenting PNR. Moreover, the application of mechanical and electrical stimuli can potentially affect the biogenesis and secretion of sEVs, consequently leading to potential improvements in PNR. In this review article, we comprehensively delve into the intricacies of cell-to-cell communication facilitated by sEVs and the key regulatory signaling pathways governing PNR. Additionally, we investigated the broad-ranging impacts of ES, US, and ESWT on PNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Izhiman
- Esfandiari Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Leyla Esfandiari
- Esfandiari Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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2
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Zhang Z, Shi C, Wang Z. The physiological functions and therapeutic potential of exosomes during the development and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1279469. [PMID: 38028777 PMCID: PMC10657906 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1279469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a very common disease of gynecological endocrine, accompanied by irregular menstruation, hyperandrogenism, metabolic abnormalities, reproductive disorders and other clinical symptoms, which seriously endangers women's physical and mental health, but its etiology and pathogenesis are not completely clear. Recently, the contribution of exosomes to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the biomedical field has attracted much attention, including PCOS. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, containing various biologically active molecules such as cell-specific proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They are important signaling regulators in vivo and widely participate in various physiopathological processes. They are new targets for disease diagnosis and treatment. Considering the important role of non-coding RNAs during the development and treatment of PCOS, this article takes exosomal miRNAs as the breakthrough point for elucidating the physiological functions and therapeutic potential of exosomes during the development and treatment of PCOS through analyzing the effects of exosomal miRNAs on ovarian follicle development, hormone secretion, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and insulin resistance, thus providing new research directions and theoretical basis for PCOS pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and prognosis improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhengchao Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Wu T, Zhang Y, Han Q, Lu X, Cheng Y, Chen J, Sha J, Xia W. Klotho-beta attenuates Rab8a-mediated exosome regulation and promotes prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2023; 42:2801-2815. [PMID: 37582861 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-secreted exosomes have a wide range of effects on the growth, metastasis, and drug resistance of cancer cells. However, whether and how the molecular mechanisms that regulate the secretion of exosomes could affect tumor progression remains poorly understood. Klotho beta (KLB) has been reported dysregulated in prostate cancer, but its function remains unknown. Herein, we first determined that KLB was upregulated in prostate cancer and its expression level was positively correlated with prostate cancer malignant phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, KLB overexpression could impair the release of exosomes and cause the intracellular accumulation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in prostate cancer cells. Mechanistically, KLB attenuated exosomes secretion through a Rab8a-dependent pathway. Rab8a was downregulated in KLB overexpressing cells whereas overexpression of Rab8a could rescue the impaired release of exosomes and attenuate the KLB-induced malignant phenotype of prostate cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study has unveiled the tumor-promoting role of KLB mediated by its regulation on exosomes secretion through a Rab8a-dependent mechanism. These findings could be exploited to develop novel theranostic targets for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanshuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yirui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Sha
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li X, Zhong Y, Zhou W, Song Y, Li W, Jin Q, Gao T, Zhang L, Xie M. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) enhances the anti-inflammatory effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:9. [PMID: 36717768 PMCID: PMC9885645 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potent anti-inflammatory function in various pathological conditions, such as osteoarthritis and neurodegenerative diseases. Since the number of EVs naturally secreted by cells is finite and they usually bear specific repertoires of bioactive molecules to perform manifold cell-cell communication, but not one particular therapeutic function as expected, their practical application is still limited. Strategies are needed to increase the production of EVs and enhance their therapeutic function. Recent studies have suggested that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising non-invasive method to increase the secretion of EVs and promote their anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of LIPUS stimulation of BMSCs on EVs derived from the cells remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate whether LIPUS stimulation on BMSCs could increase the secretion of EVs and enhance their anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS BMSCs were exposed to LIPUS (300 mW/cm2) for 15 min and EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation. Anti-inflammatory effects of EVs were investigated on RAW264.7 cells in vitro and in the allogeneic skin transplantation model. Small RNA-seq was utilized to identify components difference in EVs with/without LIPUS irradiation. RESULTS In this study, we found that LIPUS stimulation could lead to a 3.66-fold increase in the EVs release from BMSCs. Moreover, both in vitro and in vivo experimental results suggested that EVs secreted from LIPUS-treated BMSCs (LIPUS-EVs) possessed stronger anti-inflammatory function than EVs secreted from BMSCs without LIPUS stimulation (C-EVs). RNA-seq analysis revealed that miR-328-5p and miR-487b-3p were significantly up-regulated in LIPUS-EVs compare with C-EVs. The suppression of MAPK signaling pathway by these two up-regulated miRNAs could be the potential mechanism of strengthened anti-inflammatory effects of LIPUS-EVs. CONCLUSION LIPUS stimulation on BMSCs could significantly increase the secretion of EVs. Moreover, EVs generated from LIPUS-treated BMSCs possessed much stronger anti-inflammatory function than C-EVs. Therefore, LIPUS could be a promising non-invasive strategy to promote the production of EVs from BMSCs and augment their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yi Zhong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Wuqi Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yishu Song
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Wenqu Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Tang Gao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Li Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Mingxing Xie
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022 China
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Chen WH, Huang QY, Wang ZY, Zhuang XX, Lin S, Shi QY. Therapeutic potential of exosomes/miRNAs in polycystic ovary syndrome induced by the alteration of circadian rhythms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:918805. [PMID: 36465652 PMCID: PMC9709483 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.918805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive dysfunction associated with endocrine disorders and is most common in women of reproductive age. Clinical and/or biochemical manifestations include hyperandrogenism, persistent anovulation, polycystic ovary, insulin resistance, and obesity. Presently, the aetiology and pathogenesis of PCOS remain unclear. In recent years, the role of circadian rhythm changes in PCOS has garnered considerable attention. Changes in circadian rhythm can trigger PCOS through mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation; however, the specific mechanisms are unclear. Exosomes are vesicles with sizes ranging from 30-120nm that mediate intercellular communication by transporting microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, mRNAs, DNA, or lipids to target cells and are widely involved in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes. Circadian rhythm can alter circulating exosomes, leading to a series of related changes and physiological dysfunctions. Therefore, we speculate that circadian rhythm-induced changes in circulating exosomes may be involved in PCOS pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the possible roles of exosomes and their derived microRNAs in the occurrence and development of PCOS and discuss their possible mechanisms, providing insights into the potential role of exosomes for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-hong Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiao-yi Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-yi Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xuan-xuan Zhuang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Qi-yang Shi, ; Shu Lin,
| | - Qi-yang Shi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-yang Shi, ; Shu Lin,
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Luo L, Wu Z, Wang Y, Li H. Regulating the production and biological function of small extracellular vesicles: current strategies, applications and prospects. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:422. [PMID: 34906146 PMCID: PMC8670141 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed the great application potentials of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in biological medical field, especially in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the production capability of sEVs by noncancerous cells is very limited, while their dosage requirements in disease treatments are usually very high. Meanwhile, as cell aging, the sEV production capability of cells decreases and the biological function of sEVs changes accordingly. In addition, for special applications, sEVs carrying desired bioactive substances should be designed to perform their expected biological function. Therefore, improving the production of sEVs and precisely regulating their biological function are of great significance for promoting the clinical applications of sEVs. In this review, some of the current classic strategies in affecting the cellular behaviors of donor cells and subsequently regulating the production and biological function of their sEVs are summarized, including gene engineering methods, stress-inducing conditions, chemical regulators, physical methods, and biomaterial stimulations. Through applying these strategies, increased yield of sEVs with required biological function can be obtained for disease treatment and tissue repair, such as bone regeneration, wound healing, nerve function recovery and cancer treatment, which could not only reduce the harvest cost of sEV but promote the practical applications of sEVs in clinic. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhi Wu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
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Uddin SMZ, Komatsu DE, Motyka T, Petterson S. Low-Intensity Continuous Ultrasound Therapies—A Systematic Review of Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2698. [PMID: 34207333 PMCID: PMC8235587 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic ultrasound has been studied for over seven decades for different medical applications. The versatility of ultrasound applications are highly dependent on the frequency, intensity, duration, duty cycle, power, wavelength, and form. In this review article, we will focus on low-intensity continuous ultrasound (LICUS). LICUS has been well-studied for numerous clinical disorders, including tissue regeneration, pain management, neuromodulation, thrombosis, and cancer treatment. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used to conduct a comprehensive review of all research studying the application of LICUS in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The review includes articles that specify intensity and duty cycle (continuous). Any studies that did not identify these parameters or used high-intensity and pulsed ultrasound were not included in the review. The literature review shows the vast implication of LICUS in many medical fields at the pre-clinical and clinical levels. Its applications depend on variables such as frequency, intensity, duration, and type of medical disorder. Overall, these studies show that LICUS has significant promise, but conflicting data remain regarding the parameters used, and further studies are required to fully realize the potential benefits of LICUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sardar M. Z. Uddin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - David E. Komatsu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Thomas Motyka
- Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA;
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Zheng T, Du J, Yuan Y, Wu S, Jin Y, Shi Q, Wang X, Liu L. Effect of Low Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound (LITUS) on Post-traumatic Brain Edema in Rats: Evaluation by Isotropic 3-Dimensional T2 and Multi-TE T2 Weighted MRI. Front Neurol 2020; 11:578638. [PMID: 33281713 PMCID: PMC7689022 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.578638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brain edema is one of the important factors affecting the prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound (LITUS) has significant anti-cerebral edema effect. T2-weighted image-based volume and T2 value measurements can sensitively reflect tissue edema. Purpose: To evaluate the effect and possible mechanisms of LITUS on brain edema by iso-voxel 3-dimensional T2WI (iso-3D T2WI) and multi-TE T2WI. Methods: Forty-five rats were randomly divided into sham control, TBI and TBI + LITUS groups (n = 15, respectively). Iso-voxel 3-dimensional T2WI and multi-TE T2WI sequences at 3.0T to obtain T2 value and edema volume of the injury cortex. T2 values were obtained on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 after TBI and brain edema volume were obtained on days 7 and 14. Results: The T2 values of the damaged cortex in the TBI group showed a slow decreasing trend after a significant increase. For TBI+LITUS group, T2 values decreased with continuous LITUS treatment. At day 28, the T2 values were not significantly longer than the control group (adjusted P = 0.0535), but were significantly shorter than the TBI group at day 42 (adjusted P = 0.0003). The edema volume at day 7 and 14 in the LITUS group was significantly lower than the TBI group (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). AQP-4 and β-APP protein staining showed a strong positive reaction near the CCI point, TBI+LITUS group showed a medium positive reaction, and the sham control group showed a weak positive reaction. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of LITUS on post-traumatic brain edema was confirmed through T2 value and edema volume, and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of AQP-4 and promoting the removal of β-APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yinglan Jin
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglei Shi
- Scientific Clinical Specialist, Siemens Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
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Matarèse BFE, Lad J, Seymour C, Schofield PN, Mothersill C. Bio-acoustic signaling; exploring the potential of sound as a mediator of low-dose radiation and stress responses in the environment. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 98:1083-1097. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1834162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F. E. Matarèse
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jigar Lad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Paul N. Schofield
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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