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Ozyilmaz ED, Celikkaya R, Comoglu T, Ozakpinar HR, Behzatoglu K. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Metformin Hydrochloride Hydrogels Developed with Experimental Design in the Treatment of Burns. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:248. [PMID: 38030938 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Burns alter the normal skin barrier and affect various host defense processes that help prevent infections. An ineffective repair process can lead to serious damage, such as the onset of an infection or skin loss, which can then harm the surrounding tissues and ultimately the entire organism. This study aims to prepare in situ gels containing metformin hydrochloride, a compound known for its wound healing properties. To achieve this, in situ gels were prepared using three different gelling agents (Poloxamer 407®, Carbopol 934®, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC)) and three different concentrations of metformin hydrochloride (4 mg/g, 6 mg/g, and 8 mg/g), which were optimized through experimental design. Metformin concentration and gelling agent type were independent variables, and the loaded amount and the percentage of metformin released after 150 min were chosen as dependent variables in the optimization process. After determining the optimum values of the dependent variables according to the ANOVA analysis results, in vivo studies were conducted with optimized hydrogel formulations. Two groups, each consisting of seven Wistar rats with a burn model, were treated with metformin-poloxamer 407® gels at doses of 4 mg/g and 8 mg/g for 29 days. The results were then compared to untreated and placebo gel groups. Rats treated with in situ Poloxamer 407® hydrogels containing metformin hydrochloride showed a significant reduction in the size of the burned area after 29 days of treatment. However, for a comprehensive understanding of the wound healing mechanism, further studies such as immuno-histochemical and cell culture studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Dilek Ozyilmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Famagusta, 99628, Turkey
- Plastic Surgery Clinic, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Rojhat Celikkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Tansel Comoglu
- Plastic Surgery Clinic, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Hulda Rifat Ozakpinar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Kemal Behzatoglu
- Pathology Laboratory, Atakent Hospital, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Kluivers KB, Lince SL, Ruiz-Zapata AM, Post WM, Cartwright R, Kerkhof MH, Widomska J, De Witte W, Pecanka J, Kiemeney LA, Vermeulen SH, Goeman JJ, Allen-Brady K, Oosterwijk E, Poelmans G. Molecular Landscape of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Provides Insights into Disease Etiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076087. [PMID: 37047060 PMCID: PMC10094264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) represents a major health care burden in women, but its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have not been elucidated. We first used a case-control design to perform an exome chip study in 526 women with POP and 960 control women to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with the disease. We then integrated the functional interactions between the POP candidate proteins derived from the exome chip study and other POP candidate molecules into a molecular landscape. We found significant associations between POP and SNVs in 54 genes. The proteins encoded by 26 of these genes fit into the molecular landscape, together with 43 other POP candidate molecules. The POP landscape is located in and around epithelial cells and fibroblasts of the urogenital tract and harbors four interacting biological processes-epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immune response, modulation of the extracellular matrix, and fibroblast function-that are regulated by sex hormones and TGFB1. Our findings were corroborated by enrichment analyses of differential gene expression data from an independent POP cohort. Lastly, based on the landscape and using vaginal fibroblasts from women with POP, we predicted and showed that metformin alters gene expression in these fibroblasts in a beneficial direction. In conclusion, our integrated molecular landscape of POP provides insights into the biological processes underlying the disease and clues towards novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten B Kluivers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina L Lince
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandra M Ruiz-Zapata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilke M Post
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rufus Cartwright
- Department of Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Manon H Kerkhof
- Department of Gynaecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Curilion Women's Health Clinic, 2015 BJ Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Widomska
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ward De Witte
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub Pecanka
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle J Goeman
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Allen-Brady
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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A novel sprayable thermosensitive hydrogel coupled with zinc modified metformin promotes the healing of skin wound. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:610-626. [PMID: 35846848 PMCID: PMC9256661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel sprayable adhesive is established (ZnMet-PF127) by the combination of a thermosensitive hydrogel (Pluronic F127, PF127) and a coordination complex of zinc and metformin (ZnMet). Here we demonstrate that ZnMet-PF127 potently promotes the healing of traumatic skin defect and burn skin injury by promoting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen formation. Furthermore, we find that ZnMet could inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through activation of autophagy, thereby protecting cell from oxidative stress induced damage and promoting healing of skin wound. ZnMet complex exerts better effects on promoting skin wound healing than ZnCl2 or metformin alone. ZnMet complex also displays excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli, which could reduce the incidence of skin wound infections. Collectively, we demonstrate that sprayable PF127 could be used as a new drug delivery system for treatment of skin injury. The advantages of this sprayable system are obvious: (1) It is convenient to use; (2) The hydrogel can cover irregular skin defect sites evenly in a liquid state. In combination with this system, we establish a novel sprayable adhesive (ZnMet-PF127) and demonstrate that it is a potential clinical treatment for traumatic skin defect and burn skin injury.
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Martins AF, Neto AC, Rodrigues AR, Oliveira SM, Sousa-Mendes C, Leite-Moreira A, Gouveia AM, Almeida H, Neves D. Metformin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction in Endometriosis through Downregulation of ET-1 and Upregulation of eNOS. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2782. [PMID: 36359302 PMCID: PMC9687337 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate if the treatment with metformin affects the morphologic structure, endothelial function, angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidation-responsive pathways in the heart of mice with surgically induced endometriosis. B6CBA/F1 mice (n = 37) were divided into four groups; Sham (S), Metformin (M), Endometriosis (E) and Metformin/Endometriosis (ME). The cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes was assessed after Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and fibrosis after Picrosirius-Red staining. ET-1, nitric oxide synthases-iNOS and eNOS, and VEGF and VEGFR-2 were detected by immunofluorescence. Semi-quantification of ET-1, eNOS, VEGF, NF-kB, Ikβα and KEAP-1 was performed by Western blotting. MIR199a, MIR16-1, MIR18a, MIR20a, MIR155, MIR200a, MIR342, MIR24-1 and MIR320a were quantified by Real-Time qPCR. The interaction of endometriosis and metformin effects was assessed by a two-way ANOVA test. Compared with the other groups, M-treated mice presented a higher cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes. Heart fibrosis increased with endometriosis. Treatment of endometriosis with metformin in the ME group downregulates ET-1 and upregulates eNOS expression comparatively with the E group. However, metformin failed to mitigate NF-kB expression significantly incremented by endometriosis. The expression of MIR199a, MIR16-1 and MIR18a decreased with endometriosis, whereas MIR20a showed an equivalent trend, altogether reducing cardioprotection. In summary, metformin diminished endometriosis-associated endothelial dysfunction but did not mitigate the increase in NF-kB expression and cardiac fibrosis in mice with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipa Martins
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Neto
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Raquel Rodrigues
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Marisa Oliveira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Maria Gouveia
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Almeida
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Delminda Neves
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Heidari-Khoei H, Esfandiari F, Moini A, Yari S, Saber M, Novin MG, Piryaei A, Baharvand H. Derivation of hormone-responsive human endometrial organoids and stromal cells from cryopreserved biopsies. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113205. [PMID: 35568073 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The human endometrium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes cyclic changes in response to sex steroid hormones to provide a receptive status for embryo implantation. Disruptions in this behavior may lead to implantation failure and infertility; therefore, it is essential to develop an appropriate in vitro model to study endometrial changes in response to sex hormones. In this regard, the first choice would be human endometrial cells isolated from biopsies that could be used as monolayer cell sheets or to generate endometrial organoids. However, the need for fresh samples and short-time viability of harvested endometrial biopsy limits these approaches. In order to overcome these limitations, we sought to develop an efficient, simple, robust and reproducible method to cryopreserve human endometrial biopsies that could be stored and/or shipped frozen and later thawed to generate endometrial organoids and endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs). These cryopreserved biopsies could be thawed and used to generate simple endometrial organoids or organoids for co-culture with matched stromal cells that are functionally responsive to sex hormones as similar as the organoids generated from fresh biopsy. An optimal endometrial tissue cryopreservation method would allow the possibility for endometrial tissue biobanking to enable future organoid generation from both healthy tissues and pathological conditions, and open new venues for generate endometrial assembloids, consisting of epithelial organoids and primary stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidar Heidari-Khoei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Esfandiari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Breast Disease Research Center (BDRS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Yari
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Saber
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
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Metformin as a Potential Treatment Option for Endometriosis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030577. [PMID: 35158846 PMCID: PMC8833654 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common disease in women of reproductive age, and its pathogenesis seems to be largely affected by hormone imbalance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy dysregulation. These pathophysiological disturbances interact with one another through mechanisms that are still awaiting elucidation. The aim of this article is to present current knowledge regarding the possibilities of using metformin in the pharmacological treatment of endometriosis. Metformin is an insulin sensitizer widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pleiotropic effects of metformin are mainly exerted through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which is the key cellular energy homeostasis regulator that inhibits mTOR, a major autophagy suppressor. Metformin regresses endometriotic implants by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase. It is also an inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, decreasing the levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in animal studies. In endometriosis, metformin might modify the stroma-epithelium communication via Wnt2/β-catenin. With its unique therapeutic mechanisms and no serious side effects, metformin seems to be a helpful anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative agent in the treatment of endometriosis. It could be a missing link for the successful treatment of this chronic disease.
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