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Nie Y, Song C, Huang H, Mao S, Ding K, Tang H. Chromatin modifiers in human disease: from functional roles to regulatory mechanisms. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:12. [PMID: 38584203 PMCID: PMC10999406 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of transcriptional regulation has revealed the vital role of chromatin modifiers in human diseases from the beginning of functional exploration to the process of participating in many types of disease regulatory mechanisms. Chromatin modifiers are a class of enzymes that can catalyze the chemical conversion of pyrimidine residues or amino acid residues, including histone modifiers, DNA methyltransferases, and chromatin remodeling complexes. Chromatin modifiers assist in the formation of transcriptional regulatory circuits between transcription factors, enhancers, and promoters by regulating chromatin accessibility and the ability of transcription factors to acquire DNA. This is achieved by recruiting associated proteins and RNA polymerases. They modify the physical contact between cis-regulatory factor elements, transcription factors, and chromatin DNA to influence transcriptional regulatory processes. Then, abnormal chromatin perturbations can impair the homeostasis of organs, tissues, and cells, leading to diseases. The review offers a comprehensive elucidation on the function and regulatory mechanism of chromatin modifiers, thereby highlighting their indispensability in the development of diseases. Furthermore, this underscores the potential of chromatin modifiers as biomarkers, which may enable early disease diagnosis. With the aid of this paper, a deeper understanding of the role of chromatin modifiers in the pathogenesis of diseases can be gained, which could help in devising effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chao Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuqing Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Kai Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Huifang Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Li J, Ma ZY, Cui YF, Cui YT, Dong XH, Wang YZ, Fu YY, Xue YD, Tong TT, Ding YZ, Zhu YM, Huang HJ, Zhao L, Lv HZ, Xiong LZ, Zhang K, Han YX, Ban T, Huo R. Cardiac-specific deletion of BRG1 ameliorates ventricular arrhythmia in mice with myocardial infarction. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:517-530. [PMID: 37880339 PMCID: PMC10834533 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant ventricular arrhythmia (VA) after myocardial infarction (MI) is mainly caused by myocardial electrophysiological remodeling. Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) is an ATPase catalytic subunit that belongs to a family of chromatin remodeling complexes called Switch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable Chromatin (SWI/SNF). BRG1 has been reported as a molecular chaperone, interacting with various transcription factors or proteins to regulate transcription in cardiac diseases. In this study, we investigated the potential role of BRG1 in ion channel remodeling and VA after ischemic infarction. Myocardial infarction (MI) mice were established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and electrocardiogram (ECG) was monitored. Epicardial conduction of MI mouse heart was characterized in Langendorff-perfused hearts using epicardial optical voltage mapping. Patch-clamping analysis was conducted in single ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from the mice. We showed that BRG1 expression in the border zone was progressively increased in the first week following MI. Cardiac-specific deletion of BRG1 by tail vein injection of AAV9-BRG1-shRNA significantly ameliorated susceptibility to electrical-induced VA and shortened QTc intervals in MI mice. BRG1 knockdown significantly enhanced conduction velocity (CV) and reversed the prolonged action potential duration in MI mouse heart. Moreover, BRG1 knockdown improved the decreased densities of Na+ current (INa) and transient outward potassium current (Ito), as well as the expression of Nav1.5 and Kv4.3 in the border zone of MI mouse hearts and in hypoxia-treated neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes. We revealed that MI increased the binding among BRG1, T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) and β-catenin, forming a transcription complex, which suppressed the transcription activity of SCN5A and KCND3, thereby influencing the incidence of VA post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zi-Yue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun-Feng Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying-Tao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xian-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Yang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ya-Dong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying-Zi Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hai-Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong-Zhao Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ling-Zhao Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Rong Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Hong W, Zhu Y, Lin Y, Tang S, Chen J, Xu L, Jiang J, Zong Y, Zhang Y, Sun A, Wu X. The chromatin remodeling protein BRG1 mediates Ang II induced pro-fibrogenic response in renal fibroblasts. Life Sci 2024; 340:122320. [PMID: 38272440 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Renal fibrosis is an important pathophysiological process commonly observed in patients chronic kidney disease (CKD). Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a major risk factor for CKD in part by promoting renal fibrosis. In the present study we investigated Brahma-Related Gene 1 (BRG1, encoded by Smarca4) in Ang II induced pro-fibrogenic response in renal fibroblasts. METHODS AND MATERIALS CKD was induced by chronic angiotensin II infusion. Fibroblast- and myofibroblast-specific BRG1 deletion was achieved by crossing the BRG1f/f mice to the Col1a1-CreERT2 mice and the Postn-CreERT2 mice, respectively. KEY FINDINGS BRG1 expression was up-regulated when fibroblasts were exposed to Ang II in vitro and in vivo. BRG1 silencing in primary renal fibroblasts blocked transition to myofibroblasts as evidenced by down-regulation of myofibroblast marker genes and reduction in cell proliferation, migration, and contraction. Consistently, deletion of BRG1 from fibroblasts or from myofibroblasts significantly attenuated renal fibrosis in mice subjected to chronic Ang II infusion. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that BRG1 primarily regulated expression of genes involved in cell migroproliferative behavior and extracellular matrix remodeling. Importantly, administration of PFI-3, a small-molecule BRG1 inhibition, markedly ameliorated Ang II induced renal fibrosis in mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our data support a role for BRG1 in Ang II induced fibrogenic response in renal fibroblasts and suggest that targeting BRG1 could be considered as a reasonable approach for the intervention of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanshan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shifan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsi Chen
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuting Zong
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchen Zhang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
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Fang T, Wang X, Huangfu N. Superfamily II helicases: the potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1309491. [PMID: 38152606 PMCID: PMC10752008 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1309491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) still maintain high morbidity and mortality globally. Helicases, a unique class of enzymes, are extensively implicated in the processes of nucleic acid (NA) metabolism across various organisms. They play a pivotal role in gene expression, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and so forth. However, abnormal helicase expression has been associated with immune response, cancer, and intellectual disability in humans. Superfamily II (SFII) is one of the largest and most diverse of the helicase superfamilies. Increasing evidence has implicated SFⅡ helicases in the pathogenesis of multiple CVDs. In this review, we comprehensively review the regulation mechanism of SFⅡ helicases in CVDs including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathies, and heart failure, which will contribute to the investigation of ideal therapeutic targets for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Fang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Xizhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning Huangfu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
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Yu M, Harper AR, Aguirre M, Pittman M, Tcheandjieu C, Amgalan D, Grace C, Goel A, Farrall M, Xiao K, Engreitz J, Pollard KS, Watkins H, Priest JR. Genetic Determinants of the Interventricular Septum Are Linked to Ventricular Septal Defects and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2023; 16:207-215. [PMID: 37017090 PMCID: PMC10293084 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.122.003708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large proportion of genetic risk remains unexplained for structural heart disease involving the interventricular septum (IVS) including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and ventricular septal defects. This study sought to develop a reproducible proxy of IVS structure from standard medical imaging, discover novel genetic determinants of IVS structure, and relate these loci to diseases of the IVS, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and ventricular septal defect. METHODS We estimated the cross-sectional area of the IVS from the 4-chamber view of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in 32 219 individuals from the UK Biobank which was used as the basis of genome wide association studies and Mendelian randomization. RESULTS Measures of IVS cross-sectional area at diastole were a strong proxy for the 3-dimensional volume of the IVS (Pearson r=0.814, P=0.004), and correlated with anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and diagnostic codes related to cardiovascular physiology. Seven loci with clear genomic consequence and relevance to cardiovascular biology were uncovered by genome wide association studies, most notably a single nucleotide polymorphism in an intron of CDKN1A (rs2376620; β, 7.7 mm2 [95% CI, 5.8-11.0]; P=6.0×10-10), and a common inversion incorporating KANSL1 predicted to disrupt local chromatin structure (β, 8.4 mm2 [95% CI, 6.3-10.9]; P=4.2×10-14). Mendelian randomization suggested that inheritance of larger IVS cross-sectional area at diastole was strongly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy risk (pIVW=4.6×10-10) while inheritance of smaller IVS cross-sectional area at diastole was associated with risk for ventricular septal defect (pIVW=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Automated estimates of cross-sectional area of the IVS supports discovery of novel loci related to cardiac development and Mendelian disease. Inheritance of genetic liability for either small or large IVS, appears to confer risk for ventricular septal defect or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, respectively. These data suggest that a proportion of risk for structural and congenital heart disease can be localized to the common genetic determinants of size and shape of cardiovascular anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yu
- Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Univ School of Medicine
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
| | - Andrew R. Harper
- Radcliffe Dept of Medicine, Univ of Oxford, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Aguirre
- Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Univ School of Medicine
- Dept of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford Medical School, Stanford
| | - Maureen Pittman
- Univ of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science & Biotechnology, San Francisco
| | - Catherine Tcheandjieu
- Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Univ School of Medicine
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Univ School of Medicine
| | - Dulguun Amgalan
- Dept of Genetics, Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
- Basic Sciences and Engineering Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, CA
| | - Christopher Grace
- Radcliffe Dept of Medicine, Univ of Oxford, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford
| | - Anuj Goel
- Radcliffe Dept of Medicine, Univ of Oxford, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford
| | - Martin Farrall
- Radcliffe Dept of Medicine, Univ of Oxford, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford
| | - Ke Xiao
- College of Information & Computer Sciences at Univ of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Jesse Engreitz
- Dept of Genetics, Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
- Basic Sciences and Engineering Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, CA
| | - Katherine S. Pollard
- Univ of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science & Biotechnology, San Francisco
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Radcliffe Dept of Medicine, Univ of Oxford, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford
| | - James R. Priest
- Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Univ School of Medicine
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub
- Current affiliation: Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA
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Forrest IS, Rocheleau G, Bafna S, Argulian E, Narula J, Natarajan P, Do R. Genetic and phenotypic profiling of supranormal ejection fraction reveals decreased survival and underdiagnosed heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2022; 24:2118-2127. [PMID: 35278270 PMCID: PMC9464795 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Individuals with supranormal left ventricular ejection fraction (snLVEF; LVEF >70%) have increased mortality. However, the genetic and phenotypic profile of snLVEF remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the relationship of both snLVEF genetic risk and phenotype with survival and underdiagnosed heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS A snLVEF genetic risk score (GRS) was applied and cases of snLVEF were identified in 486 754 individuals across two population-based cohorts (BioMe Biobank and UK Biobank). The snLVEF GRS and phenotype were evaluated for association with survival, as well as HF diagnosis, markers, symptoms, and medications. Of 486 754 participants, the median age was 58 years, 20 069 (4.1%) died, and 10 088 (2.1%) had diagnosed HF. Both snLVEF GRS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.1 for top 10% vs. bottom 10% GRS; p = 0.002) and phenotype (HR 1.4; p = 0.003) were associated with increased all-cause mortality. Both snLVEF GRS and phenotype were associated with reduced HF diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 0.97 and OR 0.63, respectively; both p ≤0.002). However, the snLVEF GRS and phenotype were both associated with elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels (146 and 185 pg/ml increase, respectively; p <0.001), including 268 out of 455 (59%) individuals with snLVEF phenotype who had BNP >100 pg/ml. Among 476 666 participants without HF diagnoses, snLVEF GRS and phenotype were associated with increased HF symptoms (e.g. exertional dyspnoea OR 1.4 and OR 1.3; p <0.003) and HF medications (e.g. loop diuretic OR 1.2 and OR 1.03; p <0.02). Associations were consistent in hypertensive individuals without cardiac comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS Genetic predisposition to and presence of snLVEF are associated with decreased survival and underdiagnosed HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain S. Forrest
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The BioMe Phenomics Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ghislain Rocheleau
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shantanu Bafna
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edgar Argulian
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jagat Narula
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The BioMe Phenomics Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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DEC1 represses cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by recruiting PRP19 as an E3 ligase to promote ubiquitination-proteasome-mediated degradation of GATA4. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:96-110. [PMID: 35659652 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the pro-hypertrophic role of GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) during cardiac hypertrophy has been well established, the negative regulatory mechanism to counteract its hyperactivation remains elusive. We hypothesized that the hyperactivation of GATA4 could be a result of loss of interaction between GATA4 with specific suppressors. Using high throughput mass spectrometry technology, we carried out a proteomic screen for endogenous suppressor of GATA4, which disassociated with GATA4 during the hypertrophic response in a cultured cardiac myoblast cell line (H9C2 cells). We identified differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1) negatively regulated the function of GATA4 through physical interaction and negatively regulated cardiac hypertrophy both in vivo and in vitro. Particularly, DEC1 promoted the ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of GATA4, but did not function as an E3 ligase. Again, using mass spectrometry technology, we systematically identified pre-mRNA processing factor 19 (PRP19) as a newfound E3 ligase, which promoted the K6-linked ubiquitination of GATA4 at its lysine 256. Functional experiments performed in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and H9C2 cells demonstrated that both DEC1 and PRP19 negatively regulated agonist-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses. Furthermore, rescue experiments performed in these cells revealed that DEC1 and PRP19 suppressed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by inhibiting the function of GATA4. Our study thus defined the novel DEC1-PRP19-GATA4 axis to be a previously unknown mechanism in regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Although GATA4 is indispensable for normal cardiac function, harnessing DEC1- or PRP19-mediated negative regulation to counteract the hyperactivation of GATA4 might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Abstract
Objective Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) placed for hemodialysis have high flow rates that can stimulate left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. LV hypertrophy generally portends poor cardiac outcomes, yet clinical studies point to superior cardiac-specific outcomes for patients with AVF when compared with other dialysis modalities. We hypothesize that AVF induce physiologic cardiac hypertrophy with cardioprotective features. Methods We treated 9- to 11-week-old C57Bl/6 male and female mice with sham laparotomy or an aortocaval fistula via a 25G needle. Cardiac chamber size and function were assessed with serial echocardiography, and cardiac computed tomography angiography. Hearts were harvested at 5 weeks postoperatively, and the collagen content was assessed with Masson's trichrome. Bulk messenger RNA sequencing was performed from LV of sham and AVF mice at 10 days. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen) to identify affected pathways and predict downstream biological effects. Results Mice with AVF had similar body weight and wet lung mass, but increased cardiac mass compared with sham-operated mice. AVF increased cardiac output while preserving LV systolic and diastolic function, as well as indices of right heart function; all four cardiac chambers were enlarged, with a slight decrement in the relative LV wall thickness. Histology showed preserved collagen density within each of the four chambers without areas of fibrosis. RNA sequencing captured 19 384 genes, of which 857 were significantly differentially expressed, including transcripts from extracellular matrix-related genes, ion channels, metabolism, and cardiac fetal genes. The top upstream regulatory molecules predicted include activation of angiogenic (Vegf, Akt1), procardiomyocyte survival (Hgf, Foxm1, Erbb2, Lin9, Areg), and inflammation-related (CSF2, Tgfb1, TNF, Ifng, Ccr2, IL6) genes, as well as the inactivation of cardiomyocyte antiproliferative factors (Cdkn1a, FoxO3, α-catenin). The predicted downstream effects include a decrease in heart damage, and increased arrhythmia, angiogenesis, and cardiogenesis. There were no significant sex-dependent differences in the AVF-stimulated cardiac adaptation. Conclusions AVF stimulate adaptive cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type mice without heart failure or pathologic fibrosis. Transcriptional correlates suggest AVF-induced cardiac remodeling has some cardioprotective, although also arrhythmogenic features. (JVS–Vascular Science 2021;2:110-28.) Clinical Relevance Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are commonly used as access for hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. AVF induce a high-output state that is associated with long-term structural cardiac remodeling, including left ventricle hypertrophy, but this element has uncertain clinical significance. Although left ventricle hypertrophy has traditionally been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, clinical studies have suggested that cardiac-specific outcomes of patients with end-stage renal disease were better with AVF compared with other dialysis modalities. This study uses a mouse model of AVF to study the structural, functional, and molecular correlates of AVF-induced cardiac remodeling. It finds that AVF causes an adaptive cardiac hypertrophy without functional decline or fibrosis. Transcriptional correlates suggest an electrical remodeling and the upregulation of proangiogenic, procardiogenic, and prosurvival factors, implying that AVF-induced cardiac hypertrophy is potentially cardioprotective, but also arrhythmogenic.
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9
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Zhang J, Mou Y, Gong H, Chen H, Xiao H. Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor in Senescence and Age-Related Diseases. Gerontology 2021; 67:708-717. [PMID: 33940580 DOI: 10.1159/000515525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) has been known for decades as a key regulator for melanocytic differentiation, recent studies expanded its other roles in multiple biological processes. Among these newfound roles, the relationship between MITF and aging is attractive; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we review the documented cues that highlight the implication of MITF in the aging process and particularly discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the participation of MITF in cellular senescence. First, it summarizes the association of MITF with melanocytic senescence, including the roles of MITF in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, oxidative stress response, and the generation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Then, it collects the information involving MITF-related senescent changes in nonmelanocytes, such as retinal pigment epithelium cells, osteoclasts, and cardiomyocytes. This review may deepen the understanding of MITF function and be helpful to develop new strategies for improving geriatric health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Mou
- Geroscience and Chronic Disease Department, The 8th Municipal Hospital for the People, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghan Chen
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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The role of DNA methylation in syndromic and non-syndromic congenital heart disease. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:93. [PMID: 33902696 PMCID: PMC8077695 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common structural birth defect worldwide, and defects typically occur in the walls and valves of the heart or enlarged blood vessels. Chromosomal abnormalities and genetic mutations only account for a small portion of the pathogenic mechanisms of CHD, and the etiology of most cases remains unknown. The role of epigenetics in various diseases, including CHD, has attracted increased attention. The contributions of DNA methylation, one of the most important epigenetic modifications, to CHD have not been illuminated. Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant DNA methylation is related to CHD. Here, we briefly introduce DNA methylation and CHD and then review the DNA methylation profiles during cardiac development and in CHD, abnormalities in maternal genome-wide DNA methylation patterns are also described. Whole genome methylation profile and important differentially methylated genes identified in recent years are summarized and clustered according to the sample type and methodologies. Finally, we discuss the novel technology for and prospects of CHD-related DNA methylation.
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11
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Mehta GA, Angus SP, Khella CA, Tong K, Khanna P, Dixon SAH, Verzi MP, Johnson GL, Gatza ML. SOX4 and SMARCA4 cooperatively regulate PI3k signaling through transcriptional activation of TGFBR2. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:40. [PMID: 33837205 PMCID: PMC8035213 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of PI3K/Akt signaling is a dominant feature in basal-like or triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). However, the mechanisms regulating this pathway are largely unknown in this subset of aggressive tumors. Here we demonstrate that the transcription factor SOX4 is a key regulator of PI3K signaling in TNBC. Genomic and proteomic analyses coupled with mechanistic studies identified TGFBR2 as a direct transcriptional target of SOX4 and demonstrated that TGFBR2 is required to mediate SOX4-dependent PI3K signaling. We further report that SOX4 and the SWI/SNF ATPase SMARCA4, which are uniformly overexpressed in basal-like tumors, form a previously unreported complex that is required to maintain an open chromatin conformation at the TGFBR2 regulatory regions in order to mediate TGFBR2 expression and PI3K signaling. Collectively, our findings delineate the mechanism by which SOX4 and SMARCA4 cooperatively regulate PI3K/Akt signaling and suggest that this complex may play an essential role in TNBC genesis and/or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav A Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Steven P Angus
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Christen A Khella
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kevin Tong
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Pooja Khanna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shelley A H Dixon
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael P Verzi
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Gary L Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael L Gatza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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12
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The Role of BRG1 in Antioxidant and Redox Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6095673. [PMID: 33014273 PMCID: PMC7512085 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6095673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is regulated by critical molecules that modulate antioxidant and redox signaling (ARS) within the cell. Imbalances among these molecules can lead to oxidative stress and damage to cell functions, causing a variety of diseases. Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), also known as SMARCA4, is the central ATPase catalytic subunit of the switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, which plays a core role in DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcriptional regulation. Numerous recent studies show that BRG1 is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes associated with ARS. BRG1, as a major factor in chromatin remodeling, is essential for the repair of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and the activation of antioxidant genes under oxidative stress. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the roles of BRG1 in redox homeostasis is crucial to understand the normal functioning as well as pathological mechanisms. In this review, we summarized and discussed the role of BRG1 in the regulation of ARS.
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13
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Rago F, Elliott G, Li A, Sprouffske K, Kerr G, Desplat A, Abramowski D, Chen JT, Farsidjani A, Xiang KX, Bushold G, Feng Y, Shirley MD, Bric A, Vattay A, Möbitz H, Nakajima K, Adair CD, Mathieu S, Ntaganda R, Smith T, Papillon JPN, Kauffmann A, Ruddy DA, Bhang HEC, Castelletti D, Jagani Z. The Discovery of SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Activity as a Novel and Targetable Dependency in Uveal Melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2186-2195. [PMID: 32747420 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma is a rare and aggressive cancer that originates in the eye. Currently, there are no approved targeted therapies and very few effective treatments for this cancer. Although activating mutations in the G protein alpha subunits, GNAQ and GNA11, are key genetic drivers of the disease, few additional drug targets have been identified. Recently, studies have identified context-specific roles for the mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes (also known as BAF/PBAF) in various cancer lineages. Here, we find evidence that the SWI/SNF complex is essential through analysis of functional genomics screens and further validation in a panel of uveal melanoma cell lines using both genetic tools and small-molecule inhibitors of SWI/SNF. In addition, we describe a functional relationship between the SWI/SNF complex and the melanocyte lineage-specific transcription factor Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor, suggesting that these two factors cooperate to drive a transcriptional program essential for uveal melanoma cell survival. These studies highlight a critical role for SWI/SNF in uveal melanoma, and demonstrate a novel path toward the treatment of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Rago
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - GiNell Elliott
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ailing Li
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Grainne Kerr
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aurore Desplat
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Julie T Chen
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ali Farsidjani
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kay X Xiang
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey Bushold
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yun Feng
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew D Shirley
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Anka Bric
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Anthony Vattay
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Henrik Möbitz
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Simon Mathieu
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rukundo Ntaganda
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Troy Smith
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - David A Ruddy
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hyo-Eun C Bhang
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Zainab Jagani
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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14
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Richter F, Morton SU, Kim SW, Kitaygorodsky A, Wasson LK, Chen KM, Zhou J, Qi H, Patel N, DePalma SR, Parfenov M, Homsy J, Gorham JM, Manheimer KB, Velinder M, Farrell A, Marth G, Schadt EE, Kaltman JR, Newburger JW, Giardini A, Goldmuntz E, Brueckner M, Kim R, Porter GA, Bernstein D, Chung WK, Srivastava D, Tristani-Firouzi M, Troyanskaya OG, Dickel DE, Shen Y, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, Gelb BD. Genomic analyses implicate noncoding de novo variants in congenital heart disease. Nat Genet 2020; 52:769-777. [PMID: 32601476 PMCID: PMC7415662 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-0652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A genetic etiology is identified for one-third of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), with 8% of cases attributable to coding de novo variants (DNVs). To assess the contribution of noncoding DNVs to CHD, we compared genome sequences from 749 CHD probands and their parents with those from 1,611 unaffected trios. Neural network prediction of noncoding DNV transcriptional impact identified a burden of DNVs in individuals with CHD (n = 2,238 DNVs) compared to controls (n = 4,177; P = 8.7 × 10-4). Independent analyses of enhancers showed an excess of DNVs in associated genes (27 genes versus 3.7 expected, P = 1 × 10-5). We observed significant overlap between these transcription-based approaches (odds ratio (OR) = 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-5.0, P = 5.4 × 10-3). CHD DNVs altered transcription levels in 5 of 31 enhancers assayed. Finally, we observed a DNV burden in RNA-binding-protein regulatory sites (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.1-1.2, P = 8.8 × 10-5). Our findings demonstrate an enrichment of potentially disruptive regulatory noncoding DNVs in a fraction of CHD at least as high as that observed for damaging coding DNVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Richter
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah U Morton
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seong Won Kim
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Kitaygorodsky
- Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren K Wasson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jian Zhou
- Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hongjian Qi
- Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nihir Patel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jason Homsy
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for External Innovation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua M Gorham
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn B Manheimer
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Matthew Velinder
- Department of Human Genetics, Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Andrew Farrell
- Department of Human Genetics, Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gabor Marth
- Department of Human Genetics, Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan R Kaltman
- Heart Development and Structural Diseases Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Goldmuntz
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martina Brueckner
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard Kim
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepak Srivastava
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin Tristani-Firouzi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Olga G Troyanskaya
- Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Diane E Dickel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Cardiac hypertrophy involves both embryonic gene expression and transcriptional reprogramming, which are tightly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that epigenetics plays an influential role in the occurrence and development of cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we summarize the latest research progress on epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy involving DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, to help understand the mechanism of epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy. The expression of both embryonic and functional genes can be precisely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms during cardiac hypertrophy, providing a substantial number of therapeutic targets. Thus, epigenetic treatment is expected to become a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy. According to the research performed to date, epigenetic mechanisms associated with cardiac hypertrophy remain far from completely understood. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms require further exploration to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Kaijun Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Characterized by enlarged ventricle and loss of systolic function, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has the highest morbidity among all the cardiomyopathies. Although it is well established that DCM is typically caused by mutations in a large number of genes, there is an emerging appreciation for the contribution of epigenetic alteration in the development of DCM. RECENT FINDINGS We present some of the recent progress in the field of epigenetics in DCM by focusing on the four major epigenetic modifications, that is, DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling as well as the noncoding RNAs. The major players involved in these DCM-related epigenetic reprogramming will be highlighted. Finally, the diagnostic and the therapeutic implications for DCM based on new knowledge of epigenetic regulation will also be discussed. SUMMARY As a rapidly expanding field, epigenetic studies in DCM have the promise to yield both novel mechanistic insights as well as potential new avenues for more effective treatment of the disease.
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17
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Substance P Administered after Myocardial Infarction Upregulates Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor, GATA4, and the Expansion of c-Kit + Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:1835950. [PMID: 32104183 PMCID: PMC7035579 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1835950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor, can govern gene expression by binding to E box elements in the promoter region of its target gene. Although high levels of MITF have been observed in cardiomyocytes and the heart, the role of MITF after myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. We investigated the association between substance P (SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) signaling and MITF expression after MI. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks) were randomly divided in two groups: ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) and SP injection (5 nmol/kg, SP+I/R). At the end of 7 days, the left ventricle (LV; LV7daysI/R, LV7daysSP+I/R) and infarct-related areas (IA; IA7daysI/R, IA7daysSP+I/R) from the hearts were collected. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the LV7daysSP+I/R had a larger population of c-Kit+ GATA4high cells, which markedly upregulated MITF, c-Kit, and GATA4. c-Kit+ cells in the explant-derived cells (EDCs) derived from IA7daysSP+I/R migrated more widely than EDCs IA7daysI/R. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot analysis, and qRT-PCR assay showed that SP-treated c-Kit+ cells exhibited a high expression of c-Kit, GATA4, and MITF. FTY720 (a MITF inhibitor), RP67580 (NK1R inhibitor), or both inhibited the migration and proliferation of c-Kit+ cells increased by SP and blocked the upregulation of c-Kit, GATA4, and MITF. Overall, we suggest that MITF might be a potential regulator in SP-mediated c-Kit+ cell expansion post-MI via c-Kit and GATA4.
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18
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Kindlin-2 suppresses transcription factor GATA4 through interaction with SUV39H1 to attenuate hypertrophy. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:890. [PMID: 31767831 PMCID: PMC6877536 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kindlin-2 plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac structure and function. Depletion of Kindlin-2 contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and progressive heart failure, however, the precise mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. GATA4 is a critical transcription factor in regulating cardiogenesis. We found that Kindlin-2 suppresses the expression of GATA4 through binding to its promoter and prevents cardiomyocytes from hypertrophy induced by isoproterenol (ISO) treatment. Mechanistically, Kindlin-2 interacts with histone methyltransferase SUV39H1 and recruits it to GATA4 promoter leading to the occupancy of histone H3K9 di- and tri-methylation. Furthermore, to confirm the function of Kindlin-2 in vivo, we generated mice with targeted deletion of cardiac Kindlin-2. We found that 6-month-old Kindlin-2 cKO mice have developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and that this pathological process can be accelerated by ISO-treatment. GATA4 expression was markedly activated in cardiac tissues of Kindlin-2 cKO mice compared to wild-type animals. Collectively, our data revealed that Kindlin-2 suppresses GATA4 expression by triggering histone H3K9 methylation in part and protects heart from pathological hypertrophy.
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19
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Ma X, Li H, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen H, Arnheiter H, Hou L. The transcription factor MITF in RPE function and dysfunction. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 73:100766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Basuroy T, de la Serna IL. SETD7 in cardiomyocyte differentiation and cardiac function. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:29. [PMID: 31620476 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tupa Basuroy
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ivana L de la Serna
- University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Cancer Biology, Toledo, OH, USA
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21
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Whitcomb J, Gharibeh L, Nemer M. From embryogenesis to adulthood: Critical role for GATA factors in heart development and function. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:53-67. [PMID: 31520462 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac development is governed by a complex network of transcription factors (TFs) that regulate cell fates in a spatiotemporal manner. Among these, the GATA family of zinc finger TFs plays prominent roles in regulating the development of the myocardium, endocardium, and outflow tract. This family comprises six members three of which, GATA4, 5, and 6, are predominantly expressed in cardiac cells where they activate specific downstream gene targets via interactions with one another and with other TFs and signaling molecules. Their critical function in heart formation is evidenced by the phenotypes of animal models lacking these factors and by the broad spectrum of human congenital heart diseases associated with mutations in their genes. Similarly, in the postnatal heart, these proteins play significant and nonredundant roles in cardiac function, regulating adaptive stress responses including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival, as well as endothelial homeostasis and angiogenesis. As such, decreased expression of either GATA4, 5, or 6 results in impaired cardiovascular homeostasis and increased risk of premature and serious cardiovascular events such as hypertension, arrhythmia, aortopathy, and heart failure. Although a great deal of progress has been made in understanding GATA-dependent regulatory processes in the heart, the molecular mechanisms underlying the specificity of GATA factors and their upstream regulation remain incompletely understood. The knowledge and tools developed since their discovery 25 years ago should accelerate progress toward further elucidation of their mechanisms of action in health and disease. This in turn will greatly improve diagnosis and care for the millions of individuals affected by congenital and acquired cardiac disease worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamieson Whitcomb
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Chen J, Wang S, Pang S, Cui Y, Yan B, Hawley RG. Functional genetic variants of the GATA4 gene promoter in acute myocardial infarction. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2861-2868. [PMID: 30720078 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is a common complex disease; however, the genetic causes remain largely unknown. Recent epidemiological investigations indicated that the incidence of CAD in patients with congenital heart diseases is markedly higher than that observed in healthy controls. It was therefore hypothesized that the dysregulated expression of cardiac developmental genes may be involved in CAD development. GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) serves essential roles in heart development and coronary vessel formation. In the present study, the GATA4 gene promoter was analyzed in patients with AMI (n=395) and in ethnically‑matched healthy controls (n=397). A total of 14 DNA variants were identified, including two single‑nucleotide polymorphisms. Three novel heterozygous DNA variants (g.31806C>T, g.31900G>C and g.32241C>T) were reported in three patients with AMI. These DNA variants significantly increased the activity of the GATA4 gene promoter. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that the DNA variant g.32241C>T influenced the binding ability of transcription factors. Taken together, the DNA variants may alter GATA4 gene promoter activity and affect GATA4 levels, thus contributing to AMI development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Medicine, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Medicine, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuchao Pang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Yinghua Cui
- Division of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Robert G Hawley
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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23
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Vasconez AE, Janetzko P, Oo JA, Pflüger-Müller B, Ratiu C, Gu L, Helin K, Geisslinger G, Fleming I, Schröder K, Fork C, Brandes RP, Leisegang MS. The histone demethylase Jarid1b mediates angiotensin II-induced endothelial dysfunction by controlling the 3'UTR of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13168. [PMID: 30076673 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM The histone demethylase Jarid1b limits gene expression by removing the active methyl mark from histone3 lysine4 at gene promoter regions. A vascular function of Jarid1b is unknown, but a vasoprotective function to inflammatory and hypertrophic stimuli, like angiotensin II (AngII) could be inferred. This hypothesis was tested using Jarid1b knockout mice and the inhibitor PBIT. METHODS Mice or aortic segments were treated with AngII to induce endothelial dysfunction. Aortae from WT and Jarid1b knockout were studied in organ chambers and endothelium-dependent dilator responses to acetylcholine and endothelium-independent responses to DetaNONOate were recorded after pre-constriction with phenylephrine in the presence or absence of the NO-synthase inhibitor nitro-L-arginine. Molecular mechanisms were investigated with chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA-Seq, RNA-3'-adaptor-ligation, actinomycin D and RNA-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Knockout or inhibition of Jarid1b prevented the development of endothelial dysfunction in response to AngII. This effect was not a consequence of altered nitrite oxide availability but accompanied by a loss of the inflammatory response to AngII. As Jarid1b mainly inhibits gene expression, an indirect effect should account for this observation. AngII induced the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which degrades anti-inflammatory lipids, and thus promotes inflammation. Knockout or inhibition of Jarid1b prevented the AngII-mediated sEH induction. Mechanistically, Jarid1b maintained the length of the 3'untranslated region of the sEH mRNA, thereby increasing its stability and thus sEH protein expression. Loss of Jarid1b activity therefore resulted in sEH mRNA destabilization. CONCLUSION Jarid1b contributes to the pro-inflammatory effects of AngII by stabilizing sEH expression. Jarid1b inhibition might be an option for future therapeutics against cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E. Vasconez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Patrick Janetzko
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - James A. Oo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Beatrice Pflüger-Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Corina Ratiu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Department of Functional Sciences - Pathophysiology; “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara; Timisoara Romania
| | - Lunda Gu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Kristian Helin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC); University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Centre for Epigenetics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
- Institute for Vascular Signalling; Centre for Molecular Medicine; Goethe-University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Christian Fork
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Matthias S. Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
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24
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Tchanque-Fossuo CN, Dahle SE, Kiuru M, Isseroff RR. Vitiligo and melanocytic nevi: New findings in Coffin-Siris syndrome associated with ARID1 germline mutation. JAAD Case Rep 2018; 5:50-53. [PMID: 30581937 PMCID: PMC6287087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Key Words
- ARID1A, AT-rich interactive domain 1A gene
- ARID1B
- ARID1B, AT-rich interactive domain 1B gene
- CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase
- CSS, Coffin-Siris syndrome
- Coffin-Siris syndrome
- MITF, microphthalmia transcription factor
- SMARB1, SWI/SNF–related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1
- SMARCA4, SWI/SNF–related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4
- SMARCE1, SWI/SNF–related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1
- SWI/SNF, switch/sucrose nonfermenting
- melanoma
- nevi
- vitiligo
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine N. Tchanque-Fossuo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
- Dermatology Service, VA Northern California, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, California
- Correspondence to: Catherine N. Tchanque-Fossuo, MD, MS, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, 3301 C St, Ste 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816.
| | - Sara E. Dahle
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
- Podiatry Section, Department of Surgery, VA Northern California, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, California
| | - Maija Kiuru
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - R. Rivkah Isseroff
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
- Dermatology Service, VA Northern California, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, California
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25
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Abstract
The dramatic increase in global prevalence of metabolic disease is inexplicable when considering only environmental or only genetic factors, leading to the need to explore the possible roles of epigenetic factors. A great deal of progress has been made in this interdisciplinary field in recent years, with many studies investigating various aspects of the metabolic syndrome and its associated epigenetic changes. Rodent models of metabolic diseases have been particularly illuminating because of the ability to leverage tools such as genetic and environmental modifications. The current review summarizes recent breakthroughs regarding epigenetic markers in studies of obesity, Type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, the three major disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. We also discuss open questions and future directions for integrating genomic, epigenomic, and phenotypic big biodata toward understanding metabolic syndrome etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn Carson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine , Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Heather A Lawson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine , Saint Louis, Missouri
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26
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Fu K, Nakano H, Morselli M, Chen T, Pappoe H, Nakano A, Pellegrini M. A temporal transcriptome and methylome in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes identifies novel regulators of early cardiac development. Epigenetics 2018; 13:1013-1026. [PMID: 30240284 PMCID: PMC6342070 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1526029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based cardiogenesis has become a powerful tool to enhance our understanding of cardiac development and test novel therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases. However, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of multiple transitional stages from pluripotent cells to committed cardiomyocytes has not yet been fully characterized. To characterize how transcription factors, lincRNAs and DNA methylation change at temporal developmental stages, and identify potential novel regulators during cardiogenesis. We utilized a previously reported protocol that yields human cardiomyocytes (hCM) with more than 90% purity from human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC). Leveraging the purity of cells resulting from this protocol, we systematically examined how gene expression and DNA methylation programs change at temporal developmental stages during cardiogenesis. Our results provide a comprehensive view of expression changes during cardiogenesis that extend previous studies, allowing us to identify key transcription factors as well as lincRNAs that are strongly associated with cardiac differentiation. Moreover, we incorporated a simple but powerful method to screen for novel regulators of cardiogenesis solely based on expression changes and found four novel cardiac-related transcription factors, i.e., SORBS2, MITF, DPF3, and ZNF436, which have no or few prior literature reports and we were able to validate using siRNA. Our strategy of identifying novel regulators of cardiogenesis can also be easily implemented in other stem cell-based systems. Our results provide a valuable resource for understanding cardiogenesis that extends previous findings by leveraging the purity of our cell lines, which allowed us to identify four novel cardiac-related regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haruko Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marco Morselli
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Herman Pappoe
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Atsuschi Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sun S, Li T, Jin L, Piao ZH, Liu B, Ryu Y, Choi SY, Kim GR, Jeong JE, Wi AJ, Lee SJ, Kee HJ, Jeong MH. Dendropanax morbifera Prevents Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Inhibiting the Sp1/GATA4 Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1021-1044. [PMID: 29986596 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An extract of Dendropanax morbifera branch exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and anticancer activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the extract in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Phalloidin staining showed that treatment with the extract dramatically prevents isoproterenol-induced H9c2 cell enlargement and the expression of cardiac hypertrophic marker genes, including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Further, pretreatment with the extract decreased isoproterenol-induced GATA4 and Sp1 expression in H9c2 cells. Overexpression of Sp1 induced the expression of GATA4. The forced expression of Sp1 or its downstream target GATA4, as well as the co-transfection of Sp1 and GATA4 increased the expression of ANP, which was decreased by treatment with the extract. To further elucidate the regulation of the Sp1/GATA4-mediated expression of ANP, knockdown experiments were performed. Transfection with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for Sp1 or GATA4 decreased ANP expression. The extract did not further inhibit the expression of ANP reduced by the transfection of GATA4 siRNA. Sp1 knockdown did not affect the expression of ANP that was induced by the overexpression of GATA4; however, GATA4 knockdown abolished the expression of ANP that had been induced by Sp1 overexpression. The extract treatment also attenuated the isoproterenol-induced activation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and JNK1. Hesperidin, catechin, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and salicylic acid are the main phenolic compounds present in the extract as observed by high performance liquid chromatography. Hesperidin and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid attenuated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. These findings suggest that the D. morbifera branch extract prevents cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating the activation of Sp1/GATA4 and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Sun
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Zhengjiang Rongjun Hospital, 352 Zhongshan Road, Jianxing City, Zhejiang Province 314000, P. R. China
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Tianyi Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Li Jin
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Jilin 132011, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Hao Piao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yuhee Ryu
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Young Choi
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Ran Kim
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jeong
- Jeonnam Forest Resources Research Institute, Naju 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - An Jin Wi
- Jeonnam Forest Resources Research Institute, Naju 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ju Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Gwangju Health University, Gwangju 62287, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
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28
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Dong Y, Xu S, Liu J, Ponnusamy M, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li P, Wang K. Non-coding RNA-linked epigenetic regulation in cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1133-1141. [PMID: 29989099 PMCID: PMC6036733 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive enlargement of myocardium in response to pressure overload caused various pathological insults, which is accompanied by alteration of a complex cascade of signaling pathways. During the hypertrophy process, many changes occur at cellular level including gene reprogramming by turning off chromatin regulators. Studies from the past decade have demonstrated that the abnormal epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and oxidative modification of nucleic acid, could lead to changes in chromosome structure and cardiac dysfunction. Increasing evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have functional significance in modulating the gene expression during those pathological events in the heart. Emerging evidences have highlighted that ncRNAs might serve as a signal for changing the state of chromatin, however, the knowledge about the ncRNA-linked epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in cardiac pathologies is still largely unexplored. In this review, we summarize the current information on association between ncRNAs and epigenetic modifications in cardiac hypertrophy, and we have discussed their crosstalk. In addition, this review provides insights into their therapeutic and diagnostic potential for treating hypertrophic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhan Dong
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
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29
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Li Z, Rouse R. Co-sequencing and novel delayed anti-correlation identify function for pancreatic enriched microRNA biomarkers in a rat model of acute pancreatic injury. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:297. [PMID: 29699496 PMCID: PMC5922017 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Co-sequencing of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) across a time series (1, 3, 6, 24, and 48 h post injury) was used to identify potential miRNA-gene interactions during pancreatic injury, associate serum and tissue levels of candidate miRNA biomarkers of pancreatic injury, and functionally link these candidate miRNA biomarkers to observed histopathology. RNAs were derived from pancreatic tissues obtained in experiments characterizing the serum levels of candidate miRNA biomarkers in response to acute pancreatic injury in rats. Results No correlation was discovered between tissue and serum levels of the miRNAs. A combination of differential gene expression, novel delayed anti-correlation analysis and experimental database interrogation was used to identify messenger RNAs and miRNAs that experienced significant expression change across the time series, that were negatively correlated, that were complementary in sequence, and that had experimentally supported relationships. This approach yielded a complex signaling network for future investigation and a link for the specific candidate miRNA biomarkers, miR-216a-5p and miR-217-5p, to cellular processes that were in fact the prominent histopathology observations in the same experimental samples. RNA quality bias by treatment was observed in the study samples and a statistical correction was applied. The relevance and impact of that correction on significant results is discussed. Conclusion The described approach allowed extraction of miRNA function from genomic data and defined a mechanistic anchor for these miRNAs as biomarkers. Functional and mechanistic conclusions are supported by histopathology findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4657-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Translational Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Applied Regulatory Science, HFD-910, White Oak Federal Research Center, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Rodney Rouse
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Translational Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Applied Regulatory Science, HFD-910, White Oak Federal Research Center, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
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30
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Heart function and thoracic aorta gene expression profiling studies of ginseng combined with different herbal medicines in eNOS knockout mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15431. [PMID: 29133875 PMCID: PMC5684410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginseng, a popular herbal remedy, is often used in combination with other drugs to achieve the maximum therapeutic response. Shenfu (SFI) and Shenmai injection (SMI) have been widely used to treat cardiovascular disease in China. Our study explored the cardiovascular protection of SFI and SMI in eNOS knockout mice to investigate the differences and similarities of the two ginseng-combinations. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to evaluate the left ventricular structure and function at baseline and 3, 7, and 14 days after drug administration. Agilent Gene Expression microarrays were used to demonstrate the gene expression profiling of the thoracic aorta. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed to evaluate the mechanism improved by SFI and SMI in eNOS knockout mice. Both SFI and SMI could modulate Gadd45 Signaling from TOP15 canonical pathways. Moreover, SFI showed a better effect in the early treatment stage and improved myocardial function via GATA4, GATA6 and COL3A1. Meanwhile, SMI exerted better protective effects at the chronic stage, which may be related to endothelium protection by VEGFA and ACE. The advantage of multi-target by drug combination in progression of complex diseases should be noticed. The appropriate adjustment of drug combination could lead to a better accurate medical care in clinic.
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31
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Single-cell analysis of the fate of c-kit-positive bone marrow cells. NPJ Regen Med 2017; 2:27. [PMID: 29302361 PMCID: PMC5678002 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-017-0032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasticity of c-kit-positive bone marrow cells (c-kit-BMCs) in tissues different from their organ of origin remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that c-kit-BMCs are functionally heterogeneous and only a subgroup of these cells possesses cardiomyogenic potential. Population-based assays fall short of identifying the properties of individual stem cells, imposing on us the introduction of single cell-based approaches to track the fate of c-kit-BMCs in the injured heart; they included viral gene-tagging, multicolor clonal-marking and transcriptional profiling. Based on these strategies, we report that single mouse c-kit-BMCs expand clonally within the infarcted myocardium and differentiate into specialized cardiac cells. Newly-formed cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and c-kit-BMCs showed in their genome common sites of viral integration, providing strong evidence in favor of the plasticity of a subset of BMCs expressing the c-kit receptor. Similarly, individual c-kit-BMCs, which were infected with multicolor reporters and injected in infarcted hearts, formed cardiomyocytes and vascular cells organized in clusters of similarly colored cells. The uniform distribution of fluorescent proteins in groups of specialized cells documented the polyclonal nature of myocardial regeneration. The transcriptional profile of myogenic c-kit-BMCs and whole c-kit-BMCs was defined by RNA sequencing. Genes relevant for engraftment, survival, migration, and differentiation were enriched in myogenic c-kit-BMCs, a cell subtype which could not be assigned to a specific hematopoietic lineage. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the bone marrow comprises a category of cardiomyogenic, vasculogenic and/or fibrogenic c-kit-positive cells and a category of c-kit-positive cells that retains an undifferentiated state within the damaged heart.
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32
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Han Q, Xu X, Li J, Wang J, Bai L, Wang A, Wang W, Zhang B. GATA4 is highly expressed in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by activating BCL2 and MDM2. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6290-6298. [PMID: 28849107 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the GATA‑binding factor protein family, including GATA1, GATA2 and GATA3, serve an inhibiting role in leukemia. The present study demonstrated that GATA4 was upregulated in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Results from a number of functional experiments, including cell proliferation analysis, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis assay and Transwell migration and invasion analyses, have suggested that high expression of GATA4 may facilitate proliferation and metastasis, and suppress apoptosis in ALL cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and luciferase reporter assay revealed that GATA4 was a transcription factor that activated mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) and B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) expression in ALL cells. BCL2 is a key anti‑apoptosis protein that was demonstrated to suppress cell apoptosis. In addition, GATA4 was revealed to regulate p53 through the transcriptional activation of MDM2, subsequently influencing cell cycle and apoptosis. Results from the present study suggested that GATA4 may be a key marker in ALL diagnosis and a potential target of molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuguo Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Aihong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Bonet C, Luciani F, Ottavi JF, Leclerc J, Jouenne FM, Boncompagni M, Bille K, Hofman V, Bossis G, Marco de Donatis G, Strub T, Cheli Y, Ohanna M, Luciano F, Marchetti S, Rocchi S, Birling MC, Avril MF, Poulalhon N, Luc T, Hofman P, Lacour JP, Davidson I, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Ballotti R, Marine JC, Bertolotto C. Deciphering the Role of Oncogenic MITFE318K in Senescence Delay and Melanoma Progression. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:3071266. [PMID: 28376192 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MITF encodes an oncogenic lineage-specific transcription factor in which a germline mutation ( MITFE318K ) was identified in human patients predisposed to both nevus formation and, among other tumor types, melanoma. The molecular mechanisms underlying the oncogenic activity of MITF E318K remained uncharacterized. Methods Here, we compared the SUMOylation status of endogenous MITF by proximity ligation assay in melanocytes isolated from wild-type (n = 3) or E318K (n = 4) MITF donors. We also used a newly generated Mitf E318K knock-in (KI) mouse model to assess the role of Mitf E318K (n = 7 to 13 mice per group) in tumor development in vivo and performed transcriptomic analysis of the tumors to identify the molecular mechanisms. Finally, using immortalized or normal melanocytes (wild-type or E318K MITF, n = 2 per group), we assessed the role of MITF E318K on the induction of senescence mediated by BRAF V600E . All statistical tests were two-sided. Results We demonstrated a decrease in endogenous MITF SUMOylation in melanocytes from MITF E318K patients (mean of cells with hypoSUMOylated MITF, MITF E318K vs MITF WT , 94% vs 44%, difference = 50%, 95% CI = 21.8% to 67.2%, P = .004). The Mitf E318K mice were slightly hypopigmented (mean melanin content Mitf WT vs Mitf E318K/+ , 0.54 arbitrary units [AU] vs 0.36 AU, difference = -0.18, 95% CI = -0.36 to -0.007, P = .04). We provided genetic evidence that Mitf E318K enhances BRaf V600E -induced nevus formation in vivo (mean nevus number for Mitf E318K , BRaf V600E vs Mitf WT , BRaf V600E , 68 vs 44, difference = 24, 95% CI = 9.1 to 38.9, P = .006). Importantly, although Mitf E318K was not sufficient to cooperate with BRaf V600E alone in promoting metastatic melanoma, it accelerated tumor formation on a BRaf V600E , Pten-deficient background (median survival, Mitf E318K/+ = 42 days, 95% CI = 31 to 46 vs Mitf WT = 51 days, 95% CI = 50 to 55, P < .001). Transcriptome analysis suggested a decrease in senescence in tumors from Mitf E318K mice. We confirmed this hypothesis by in vitro experiments, demonstrating that Mitf E318K impaired the ability of human melanocytes to undergo BRAF V600E -induced senescence. Conclusions We characterized the functions of melanoma-associated MITF E318K mutations. Our results demonstrate that MITF E318K reduces the program of senescence to potentially favor melanoma progression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bonet
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Flavie Luciani
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Ottavi
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Justine Leclerc
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | | | - Marina Boncompagni
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Karine Bille
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Véronique Hofman
- University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France.,Inserm, ERI21/EA 4319, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Strub
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Yann Cheli
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Mickaël Ohanna
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Rocchi
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Marie-Christine Birling
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,Institut Clinique de la Souris-Mouse Clinical Institute, Illkirch, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin -Tarnier, Service de Dermatologie et Faculté Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Poulalhon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Department of Dermatology, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Luc
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Department of Dermatology, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France.,Inserm, ERI21/EA 4319, Nice, France
| | | | - Irwin Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- Service de Génétique, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM U1186, Immunologie intégrative des tumeurs et génétique oncologique, Paris, France
| | - Robert Ballotti
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Corine Bertolotto
- INSERM, U1065 (équipe 1), Equipe labélisée ARC 2016, C3M, Nice, France.,University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, France
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Qian Y, Xiao D, Guo X, Chen H, Hao L, Ma X, Huang G, Ma D, Wang H. Hypomethylation and decreased expression of BRG1 in the myocardium of patients with congenital heart disease. Birth Defects Res 2017. [PMID: 28646505 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRG1, an ATPase subunit of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable complex, is tightly associated with cardiac development. However, little is known about the association between the pathogenesis of CHD and BRG1. METHODS The methylation of a BRG1 promoter and a novel CpG island in the second intron was analyzed in the myocardium of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients (n = 24) and normal controls (n = 11) using pyrosequencing and the MassARRAY platform. BRG1 expression was sketched in the normal fetal and postnatal heart using real-time PCR. BRG1 mRNA and protein expression was detected by means of real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The expression of GATA4 was analyzed with real-time PCR. RESULTS The CpG shore in the second intron of BRG1 was hypomethylated in the myocardium of patients (p < 0.05). BRG1 showed a high level of expression in the normal fetal heart in the second trimester (p < 0.01). Compared with that of the normal subjects, BRG1 expression was decreased by 70% in the myocardium of patients (n = 92; p < 0.05). Of note, the expression of GATA4 was significantly correlated with BRG1 expression (r = 0.7475; p = 0.0082) in the myocardium, and it was also decreased by 70% in these patients (n = 92; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggested that the early high expression of BRG1 in fetal hearts maintained normal cardiac development and that the abnormal hypomethylation and decreased expression of BRG1 in human hearts probably affect the expression of GATA4, which affects the pathogenesis of CHD. Birth Defects Research 109:1183-1195, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Deyong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Hao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Pediatric Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defects, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
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35
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van Berlo JH. Chromatin remodeling permits cardiac hypertrophy to develop. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:119-21. [PMID: 26523518 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jop H van Berlo
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA..
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