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Arumugam P, Carey BC, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Krischer J, Wessendarp M, Shima K, Chalk C, Stock J, Ma Y, Black D, Imbrogno M, Collins M, Kalenda Yombo DJ, Sakthivel H, Suzuki T, Lutzko C, Cancelas JA, Adams M, Hoskins E, Lowe-Daniels D, Reeves L, Kaiser A, Trapnell BC. A toxicology study of Csf2ra complementation and pulmonary macrophage transplantation therapy of hereditary PAP in mice. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101213. [PMID: 38596536 PMCID: PMC11001781 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary macrophage transplantation (PMT) is a gene and cell transplantation approach in development as therapy for hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (hPAP), a surfactant accumulation disorder caused by mutations in CSF2RA/B (and murine homologs). We conducted a toxicology study of PMT of Csf2ra gene-corrected macrophages (mGM-Rα+Mϕs) or saline-control intervention in Csf2raKO or wild-type (WT) mice including single ascending dose and repeat ascending dose studies evaluating safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Lentiviral-mediated Csf2ra cDNA transfer restored GM-CSF signaling in mGM-Rα+Mϕs. Following PMT, mGM-Rα+Mϕs engrafted, remained within the lungs, and did not undergo uncontrolled proliferation or result in bronchospasm, pulmonary function abnormalities, pulmonary or systemic inflammation, anti-transgene product antibodies, or pulmonary fibrosis. Aggressive male fighting caused a similarly low rate of serious adverse events in saline- and PMT-treated mice. Transient, minor pulmonary neutrophilia and exacerbation of pre-existing hPAP-related lymphocytosis were observed 14 days after PMT of the safety margin dose but not the target dose (5,000,000 or 500,000 mGM-Rα+Mϕs, respectively) and only in Csf2raKO mice but not in WT mice. PMT reduced lung disease severity in Csf2raKO mice. Results indicate PMT of mGM-Rα+Mϕs was safe, well tolerated, and therapeutically efficacious in Csf2raKO mice, and established a no adverse effect level and 10-fold safety margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paritha Arumugam
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brenna C. Carey
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Krischer
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Wessendarp
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kenjiro Shima
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Claudia Chalk
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Stock
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Diane Black
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michelle Imbrogno
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Margaret Collins
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dan Justin Kalenda Yombo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Haripriya Sakthivel
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carolyn Lutzko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cell Manipulations Laboratory, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Michelle Adams
- Office for Clinical and Translational Research, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hoskins
- Office for Clinical and Translational Research, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Lilith Reeves
- Translational Core Laboratory, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anne Kaiser
- Office of Research Compliance & Regulatory Affairs, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce C. Trapnell
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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2
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O’Callaghan M, McCarthy C. Pulmonary macrophage transplant therapy in parenchymal lung diseases. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101180. [PMID: 38249935 PMCID: PMC10797184 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa O’Callaghan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cormac McCarthy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Yakhshimurodov U, Yamashita K, Kawamura T, Kawamura M, Miyagawa S. Paradigm shift in myocarditis treatment. J Cardiol 2024; 83:201-210. [PMID: 37597837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Although most cases of myocarditis are self-limiting with a gradual improvement in cardiac function, the involvement of myocarditis in sudden cardiac death among children and young adults remains substantial, with rates of 3-17 % and 8.6-12 %, respectively. Moreover, the risk of developing chronic dilated cardiomyopathy ranges from 21 % to 30 % in all cases confirmed by biopsy. Current therapeutic strategies for myocarditis and its complications range from standard supportive care for heart failure and arrhythmias to etiologically oriented, case-based therapeutic options. For example, immunosuppression is indicated only in certain forms of acute myocarditis with clinical or endomyocardial biopsy evidence of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis and autoimmune diseases, including giant cell myocarditis, eosinophilic myocarditis, vasculitis, or cardiac sarcoidosis. However, our views on myocarditis treatment have changed considerably over the past two decades, thanks to the emergence of regenerative cells/tissues as well as drug and gene delivery systems. Cell-based therapies are now growing in popularity in any field of medicine. Studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of different stem cells in the treatment of acute myocarditis and its chronic complications have shown that although the experimental characteristics varied from study to study, in general, these strategies reduced inflammation and myocardial fibrosis while preventing myocarditis-induced systolic dysfunction and adverse remodeling in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulugbek Yakhshimurodov
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kizuku Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Nickel K, Schütz K, Carlens J, Grewendorf S, Wetzke M, Keil O, Dennhardt N, Rigterink V, Köditz H, Sasse M, Happle C, Beck CE, Schwerk N. Ten-year experience of whole lung lavage in pediatric Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2024; 236:64-72. [PMID: 38262422 PMCID: PMC10883753 DOI: 10.1055/a-2194-3467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) is extremely rare and can be caused by hereditary dysfunction of the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSF) receptor, autoantibodies against GM-CSF, or other diseases leading to alveolar macrophage (AM) dysfunction. This leads to protein accumulation in the lung and severe dyspnea and hypoxemia. Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the first line treatment strategy. METHODS Here, we present data from more than ten years of WLL practice in pediatric PAP. WLL performed by the use of a single lumen or double lumen tube (SLT vs. DLT) were compared for technical features, procedure time, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of n=57 procedures in six PAP patients between 3.5 and 14.3 years of age were performed. SLT based WLL in smaller children was associated with comparable rates of adverse events but with longer intervention times and postprocedural intensive care treatment when compared to DLT based procedures. DISCUSSION Our data shows that WLL is feasible even in small children. DLT based WLL seems to be more effective, and our data supports the notion that it should be considered as early as possible in pediatric PAP. CONCLUSION WLL lavage is possible in small PAP patients but should performed in close interdisciplinary cooperation and with age appropriate protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Nickel
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Schütz
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Carlens
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Grewendorf
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Wetzke
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH),
Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Oliver Keil
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Dennhardt
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Rigterink
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Köditz
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Medicine, Hannover
Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Sasse
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Medicine, Hannover
Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Happle
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH),
Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
- RESIST Cluster of Excellence Infection Research, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christiane E. Beck
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical
School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicolaus Schwerk
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH),
Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
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5
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Rodriguez Gonzalez C, Schevel H, Hansen G, Schwerk N, Lachmann N. Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis and new therapeutic concepts. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2024; 236:73-79. [PMID: 38286410 PMCID: PMC10883756 DOI: 10.1055/a-2233-1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an umbrella term used to refer to a pulmonary syndrome which is characterized by excessive accumulation of surfactant in the lungs of affected individuals. In general, PAP is a rare lung disease affecting children and adults, although its prevalence and incidence is variable among different countries. Even though PAP is a rare disease, it is a prime example on how modern medicine can lead to new therapeutic concepts, changing ways and techniques of (genetic) diagnosis which ultimately led into personalized treatments, all dedicated to improve the function of the impaired lung and thus life expectancy and quality of life in PAP patients. In fact, new technologies, such as new sequencing technologies, gene therapy approaches, new kind and sources of stem cells and completely new insights into the ontogeny of immune cells such as macrophages have increased our understanding in the onset and progression of PAP, which have paved the way for novel therapeutic concepts for PAP and beyond. As of today, classical monocyte-derived macrophages are known as important immune mediator and immune sentinels within the innate immunity. Furthermore, macrophages (known as tissue resident macrophages (TRMs)) can also be found in various tissues, introducing e. g. alveolar macrophages in the broncho-alveolar space as crucial cellular determinants in the onset of PAP and other lung disorders. Given recent insights into the onset of alveolar macrophages and knowledge about factors which impede their function, has led to the development of new therapies, which are applied in the context of PAP, with promising implications also for other diseases in which macrophages play an important role. Thus, we here summarize the latest insights into the various forms of PAP and introduce new pre-clinical work which is currently conducted in the framework of PAP, introducing new therapies for children and adults who still suffer from this severe, potentially life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Rodriguez Gonzalez
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannah Schevel
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage
and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625
Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nicolaus Schwerk
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage
and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology,
Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage
and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625
Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine,
Hannover, Germany
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6
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Malainou C, Abdin SM, Lachmann N, Matt U, Herold S. Alveolar macrophages in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and infection: evolving concepts of therapeutic targeting. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170501. [PMID: 37781922 PMCID: PMC10541196 DOI: 10.1172/jci170501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the sentinel cells of the alveolar space, maintaining homeostasis, fending off pathogens, and controlling lung inflammation. During acute lung injury, AMs orchestrate the initiation and resolution of inflammation in order to ultimately restore homeostasis. This central role in acute lung inflammation makes AMs attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. Single-cell RNA-Seq and spatial omics approaches, together with methodological advances such as the generation of human macrophages from pluripotent stem cells, have increased understanding of the ontogeny, function, and plasticity of AMs during infectious and sterile lung inflammation, which could move the field closer to clinical application. However, proresolution phenotypes might conflict with proinflammatory and antibacterial responses. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of AMs at vulnerable time points over the course of infectious lung injury might harbor the risk of serious side effects, such as loss of antibacterial host defense capacity. Thus, the identification of key signaling hubs that determine functional fate decisions in AMs is of the utmost importance to harness their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Malainou
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shifaa M. Abdin
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology and
- REBIRTH Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology and
- REBIRTH Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- RESIST (Resolving Infection Susceptibility), Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Huang X, Cao M, Xiao Y. Alveolar macrophages in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: origin, function, and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195988. [PMID: 37388737 PMCID: PMC10303123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary disorder that is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of surfactant within the alveoli. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) have been identified as playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PAP. In most of PAP cases, the disease is triggered by impaired cholesterol clearance in AMs that depend on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), resulting in defective alveolar surfactant clearance and disruption of pulmonary homeostasis. Currently, novel pathogenesis-based therapies are being developed that target the GM-CSF signaling, cholesterol homeostasis, and immune modulation of AMs. In this review, we summarize the origin and functional role of AMs in PAP, as well as the latest therapeutic strategies aimed at addressing this disease. Our goal is to provide new perspectives and insights into the pathogenesis of PAP, and thereby identify promising new treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengshu Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonglong Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Nanjing, China
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8
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McLachlan G, Alton EWFW, Boyd AC, Clarke NK, Davies JC, Gill DR, Griesenbach U, Hickmott JW, Hyde SC, Miah KM, Molina CJ. Progress in Respiratory Gene Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2022; 33:893-912. [PMID: 36074947 PMCID: PMC7615302 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2022.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prospect of gene therapy for inherited and acquired respiratory disease has energized the research community since the 1980s, with cystic fibrosis, as a monogenic disorder, driving early efforts to develop effective strategies. The fact that there are still no approved gene therapy products for the lung, despite many early phase clinical trials, illustrates the scale of the challenge: In the 1990s, first-generation non-viral and viral vector systems demonstrated proof-of-concept but low efficacy. Since then, there has been steady progress toward improved vectors with the capacity to overcome at least some of the formidable barriers presented by the lung. In addition, the inclusion of features such as codon optimization and promoters providing long-term expression have improved the expression characteristics of therapeutic transgenes. Early approaches were based on gene addition, where a new DNA copy of a gene is introduced to complement a genetic mutation: however, the advent of RNA-based products that can directly express a therapeutic protein or manipulate gene expression, together with the expanding range of tools for gene editing, has stimulated the development of alternative approaches. This review discusses the range of vector systems being evaluated for lung delivery; the variety of cargoes they deliver, including DNA, antisense oligonucleotides, messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and peptide nucleic acids; and exemplifies progress in selected respiratory disease indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry McLachlan
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric W F W Alton
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Christopher Boyd
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nora K Clarke
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane C Davies
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah R Gill
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Medicine Group, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (NDCLS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Uta Griesenbach
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jack W Hickmott
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen C Hyde
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Medicine Group, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (NDCLS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kamran M Miah
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Medicine Group, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (NDCLS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Juarez Molina
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom
- Gene Therapy Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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McCarthy C, Carey BC, Trapnell BC. Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:1016-1035. [PMID: 35227171 PMCID: PMC9851473 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2742so] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by myeloid cell dysfunction, abnormal pulmonary surfactant accumulation, and innate immune deficiency. It has a prevalence of 7-10 per million; occurs in individuals of all races, geographic regions, sex, and socioeconomic status; and accounts for 90% of all patients with PAP syndrome. The most common presentation is dyspnea of insidious onset with or without cough, production of scant white and frothy sputum, and diffuse radiographic infiltrates in a previously healthy adult, but it can also occur in children as young as 3 years. Digital clubbing, fever, and hemoptysis are not typical, and the latter two indicate that intercurrent infection may be present. Low prevalence and nonspecific clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings commonly lead to misdiagnosis as pneumonia and substantially delay an accurate diagnosis. The clinical course, although variable, usually includes progressive hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency and, in some patients, secondary infections, pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory failure, and death. Two decades of research have raised autoimmune PAP from obscurity to a paradigm of molecular pathogenesis-based diagnostic and therapeutic development. Pathogenesis is driven by GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) autoantibodies, which are present at high concentrations in blood and tissues and form the basis of an accurate, commercially available diagnostic blood test with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Although whole-lung lavage remains the first-line therapy, inhaled GM-CSF is a promising pharmacotherapeutic approach demonstrated in well-controlled trials to be safe, well tolerated, and efficacious. Research has established GM-CSF as a pulmonary regulatory molecule critical to surfactant homeostasis, alveolar stability, lung function, and host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cormac McCarthy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brenna C. Carey
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bruce C. Trapnell
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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10
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Shima K, Arumugam P, Sallese A, Horio Y, Ma Y, Trapnell C, Wessendarp M, Chalk C, McCarthy C, Carey BC, Trapnell BC, Suzuki T. A murine model of hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis caused by homozygous Csf2ra gene disruption. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L438-L448. [PMID: 35043685 PMCID: PMC8917935 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00175.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (hPAP) is a rare disorder caused by recessive mutations in GM-CSF receptor subunit α/β genes (CSF2RA/CSF2RB, respectively) characterized by impaired GM-CSF-dependent surfactant clearance by alveolar macrophages (AMs) resulting in alveolar surfactant accumulation and hypoxemic respiratory failure. Because hPAP is caused by CSF2RA mutations in most patients, we created an animal model of hPAP caused by Csf2ra gene disruption (Csf2ra-/- mice) and evaluated the effects on AMs and lungs. Macrophages from Csf2ra-/- mice were unable to bind and clear GM-CSF, did not exhibit GM-CSF signaling, and had functional defects in phagocytosis, cholesterol clearance, and surfactant clearance. Csf2ra-/- mice developed a time-dependent, progressive lung disease similar to hPAP in children caused by CSF2RA mutations with respect to the clinical, physiological, histopathological, biochemical abnormalities, biomarkers of PAP lung disease, and clinical course. In contrast, Csf2ra+/- mice had functionally normal AMs and no lung disease. Pulmonary macrophage transplantation (PMT) without myeloablation resulted in long-term engraftment, restoration of GM-CSF responsiveness to AMs, and a safe and durable treatment effect that lasted for the duration of the experiment (6 mo). Results demonstrate that homozygous (but not heterozygous) Csf2ra gene ablation caused hPAP identical to hPAP in children with CSF2RA mutations, identified AMs as the cellular site of hPAP pathogenesis in Csf2ra-/- mice, and have implications for preclinical studies supporting the translation of PMT as therapy of hPAP in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Shima
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Paritha Arumugam
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Anthony Sallese
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yuko Horio
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yan Ma
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Cole Trapnell
- 2Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew Wessendarp
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Claudia Chalk
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Cormac McCarthy
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,4Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brenna C. Carey
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bruce C. Trapnell
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,3Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,4Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- 1Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,5Department of Respirology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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11
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Yang Y, Wang Y. Autocrine, Paracrine, and Endocrine Signals That Can Alter Alveolar Macrophages Function. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 186:177-198. [PMID: 36472676 DOI: 10.1007/112_2022_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are extremely versatile cells with complex functions involved in health or diseases such as pneumonia, asthma, and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. In recent years, it has been widely identified that the different functions and states of macrophages are the results from the complex interplay between microenvironmental signals and macrophage lineage. Diverse and complicated signals to which AMs respond are mentioned when they are described individually or in a particular state of AMs. In this review, the microenvironmental signals are divided into autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signals based on their secreting characteristics. This new perspective on classification provides a more comprehensive and systematic introduction to the complex signals around AMs and is helpful for understanding the roles of AMs affected by physiological environment. The existing possible treatments of AMs are also mentioned in it. The thorough understanding of AMs signals modulation may be contributed to the development of more effective therapies for AMs-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wessendarp M, Watanabe-Chailland M, Liu S, Stankiewicz T, Ma Y, Kasam RK, Shima K, Chalk C, Carey B, Rosendale LR, Dominique Filippi M, Arumugam P. Role of GM-CSF in regulating metabolism and mitochondrial functions critical to macrophage proliferation. Mitochondrion 2021; 62:85-101. [PMID: 34740864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) exerts pleiotropic effects on macrophages and is required for self-renewal but the mechanisms responsible are unknown. Using mouse models with disrupted GM-CSF signaling, we show GM-CSF is critical for mitochondrial turnover, functions, and integrity. GM-CSF signaling is essential for fatty acid β-oxidation and markedly increased tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production. GM-CSF also regulated cytosolic pathways including glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and amino acid synthesis. We conclude that GM-CSF regulates macrophages in part through a critical role in maintaining mitochondria, which are necessary for cellular metabolism as well as proliferation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wessendarp
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA
| | | | - Serena Liu
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Yan Ma
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA
| | | | - Kenjiro Shima
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA
| | - Claudia Chalk
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA
| | - Brenna Carey
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Paritha Arumugam
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, OH, USA.
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13
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Zhao L, Pan F, Zhou N, Zhang H, Wang Y, Hao S, Wang C. Quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses reveal the protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolite protocatechuic acid against 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells via apoptosis-related pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112256. [PMID: 33974948 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and its metabolite protocatechuic acid (PCA) mediated protection against 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The effects of C3G and PCA on cell viability, LDH release and apoptosis in IQ-induced HepG2 cells were evaluated using CCK-8, LDH release and flow cytometry assays, respectively. TMT-based proteomics was utilized to characterize the proteins and pathways associated with the improvement after C3G and PCA treatment. Results showed that exposure to IQ significantly increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HepG2 cells, which were alleviated by C3G and PCA. C3G was more effective than PCA in protecting HepG2 cells against IQ-induced cytotoxicity and regulating the related signaling pathways. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses and Western blot validation revealed that apoptosis-related signaling pathways played pivotal roles in protecting against the cytotoxicity of IQ by C3G, and XIAP was identified as the target protein. Molecular docking proved that C3G had strong binding affinity to XIAP and hindered the binding of IQ to the BIR3 domain of XIAP, resulting in the inhibition of apoptosis. Our findings suggested that C3G has potential as a preventive food ingredient to prevent carcinogenic risk of heterocyclic aromatic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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14
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Hetzel M, Ackermann M, Lachmann N. Beyond "Big Eaters": The Versatile Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3308. [PMID: 33804918 PMCID: PMC8036607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages act as immune scavengers and are important cell types in the homeostasis of various tissues. Given the multiple roles of macrophages, these cells can also be found as tissue resident macrophages tightly integrated into a variety of tissues in which they fulfill crucial and organ-specific functions. The lung harbors at least two macrophage populations: interstitial and alveolar macrophages, which occupy different niches and functions. In this review, we provide the latest insights into the multiple roles of alveolar macrophages while unraveling the distinct factors which can influence the ontogeny and function of these cells. Furthermore, we will highlight pulmonary diseases, which are associated with dysfunctional macrophages, concentrating on congenital diseases as well as pulmonary infections and impairment of immunological pathways. Moreover, we will provide an overview about different treatment approaches targeting macrophage dysfunction. Improved knowledge of the role of macrophages in the onset of pulmonary diseases may provide the basis for new pharmacological and/or cell-based immunotherapies and will extend our understanding to other macrophage-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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15
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Yan T, Zhu S, Zhu M, Wang C, Guo C. Integrative Identification of Hub Genes Associated With Immune Cells in Atrial Fibrillation Using Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:631775. [PMID: 33553270 PMCID: PMC7859264 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.631775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia in the clinic, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Although many studies on AF have been conducted, the molecular mechanism of AF has not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to explore the molecular mechanism of AF using integrative bioinformatics analysis and provide new insights into the pathophysiology of AF. Methods: The GSE115574 dataset was downloaded, and Cibersort was applied to estimate the relative expression of 22 kinds of immune cells. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through the limma package in R language. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to cluster DEGs into different modules and explore relationships between modules and immune cell types. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on DEGs in the significant module, and hub genes were identified based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Hub genes were then verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: A total of 2,350 DEGs were identified and clustered into eleven modules using WGCNA. The magenta module with 246 genes was identified as the key module associated with M1 macrophages with the highest correlation coefficient. Three hub genes (CTSS, CSF2RB, and NCF2) were identified. The results verified using three other datasets and qRT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of these three genes in patients with AF were significantly higher than those in patients with SR, which were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis. Conclusion: Three novel genes identified using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis may play crucial roles in the pathophysiological mechanism in AF, which provide potential therapeutic targets and new insights into the treatment and early detection of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijie Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changfa Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Cao QQ, Li S, Lu Y, Wu D, Feng W, Shi Y, Zhang LP. Transcriptome analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying facial nerve injury repair in rats. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2316-2323. [PMID: 33818518 PMCID: PMC8354104 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.310700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the transcriptional alterations inside the facial nucleus after facial nerve injury have been well studied, the gene expression changes in the facial nerve trunk after injury are still unknown. In this study, we established an adult rat model of facial nerve crush injury by compressing the right lateral extracranial nerve trunk. Transcriptome sequencing, differential gene expression analysis, and cluster analysis of the injured facial nerve trunk were performed, and 39 intersecting genes with significant variance in expression were identified. Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of the 39 intersecting genes revealed that these genes are mostly involved in leukocyte cell-cell adhesion and phagocytosis and have essential roles in regulating nerve repair. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were used to validate the expression of pivotal genes. Finally, nine pivotal genes that contribute to facial nerve recovery were identified, including Arhgap30, Akr1b8, C5ar1, Csf2ra, Dock2, Hcls1, Inpp5d, Sla, and Spi1. Primary Schwann cells were isolated from the sciatic nerve of neonatal rats. After knocking down Akr1b8 in Schwann cells with an Akr1b8-specific small interfering RNA plasmid, expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 were decreased, while cell proliferation and migration were not obviously altered. These findings suggest that Akr1b8 likely regulates the interaction between Schwann cells and macrophages through regulation of cytokine expression to promote facial nerve regeneration. This study is the first to reveal a transcriptome change in the facial nerve trunk after facial nerve injury, thereby revealing the potential mechanism underlying repair of facial nerve injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nantong University, China in 2018 (approval No. S20180923-007).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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17
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Hadchouel A, Drummond D, Abou Taam R, Lebourgeois M, Delacourt C, de Blic J. Alveolar proteinosis of genetic origins. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/158/190187. [PMID: 33115790 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0187-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare form of chronic interstitial lung disease, characterised by the intra-alveolar accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material. Numerous conditions can lead to its development. Whereas the autoimmune type is the main cause in adults, genetic defects account for a large part of cases in infants and children. Even if associated extra-respiratory signs may guide the clinician during diagnostic work-up, next-generation sequencing panels represent an efficient diagnostic tool. Exome sequencing also allowed the discovery of new variants and genes involved in PAP. The aim of this article is to summarise our current knowledge of genetic causes of PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hadchouel
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France .,INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - David Drummond
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France
| | - Rola Abou Taam
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Lebourgeois
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Delacourt
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France.,INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Jacques de Blic
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Respiratoires Rares de l'Enfant, Paris, France
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18
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Antoniu SA, Rajnoveanu R, Grigore M, Antohe I. Pharmacotherapy options in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:1359-1366. [PMID: 32511020 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1757650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a heterogeneous group of rare diseases characterized by the abnormal production and impaired degradation of pulmonary surfactant as a result of malfunctioning of alveolar macrophages. This is due to the downstream dysregulation of the GM-CSF pathway, which can be caused by specific autoantibodies (autoimmune, aPAP formerly known as idiopathic iPAP), direct injury to alveolar macrophages (e.g. by toxic inhaled agents.), or by genetic defects (hereditary or congenital PAP). Few pharmacotherapy options are currently available to treat this disease. AREA COVERED The authors discuss the exogenous administration of GM-CSF, rituximab, and the potential role of cholesterol lowering medications in this review. The authors, furthermore, provide their opinion on the available pharmacotherapeutic options and give their future perspectives. EXPERT OPINION Inhaled GM-CSF remains the most commonly used therapy in patients with iPAP but other inhaled therapies such as PPARγ activators should be considered, especially in patients who are partially responsive or unresponsive to traditional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruxandra Rajnoveanu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu , Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Grigore
- Mother and Child Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa , Iasi, Romania
| | - Ileana Antohe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa , Iasi, Romania
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