Flórez A, de Haro J, Martínez E, Varela C, Bleda S, Acín F. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition reduces endothelial dysfunction and improves inflammatory status in patients with intermittent claudication.
Rev Esp Cardiol 2009;
62:851-7. [PMID:
19706240 DOI:
10.1016/s1885-5857(09)72649-0]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
Both endothelial dysfunction and a proinflammatory state are present during the early stages of atherosclerosis. In this context, increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) results in higher levels of vasoconstrictive and proinflammatory substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of COX-2 activity on endothelial dysfunction associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
METHODS
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (BAFMD), endothelin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, and the lipid profile were assessed in 40 patients with intermittent claudication. Of these, 20 were randomly assigned to a group in which they received the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib for 1 week (Group 1), while the other 20 served as controls (Group 2).
RESULTS
In Group 1, BAFMD increased significantly both 3 hours after the first dose of celecoxib (3.33+/-4.11 vs. 6.97+/-3.27%; P=.008) and 1 week after (3.33+/-4.11 vs. 7.09+/-4.40%; P=.001). The endothelin level decreased significantly in Group 1 (2.92+/-1.87 vs. 1.93+/-1.07 pg/ ml; P=.018), as did the levels of hsCRP (4.78+/-2.73 vs. 2.95+/-2.11 mg/l; P=.023) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (106.38+/-18.89 vs. 90.8+/-28.58 mg/dl; P=.019). In Group 2, none of these parameters changed significantly.
CONCLUSIONS
COX-2 products contribute to endothelial dysfunction and an inflammatory state in PAD. This study's findings provide evidence that these phenomena are implicated in the initiation of atherosclerosis and could prove a new means of investigating alternative approaches to the treatment of early-stage disease.
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