Ergonomics evaluation of a manually operated cassava chipping machine

A systematic review of methodologies and techniques for integrating ergonomics into development and assessment of manually operated equipment

Objective. Humans have limited power and require mechanization, to meet high energy demand, through equipment. We initiated this study to accumulate data from previous research to identify critical issues and approaches in implementing ergonomic principles into the design, intervention, development and assessment of manually operated equipment. Method. The literature search was carried out in scientific databases: Scopus and PubMed. Fifty-three research articles, meeting the inclusion criteria, were selected for this review. Results. The study indicated a propensity of countries with lower-middle-income and high-income groups, and of the agricultural and manufacturing sector toward research and development of manually operated equipment. A thorough study of the equipment design process revealed that health and safety was the prime motivator in the pre-design phase, an experimental prototype approach was most utilized in the design phase and a direct measurement technique was most frequently used in the post-design phase. Conclusion. The study highlights the scarcity of research in the integration of ergonomics into the design of manually operated equipment among countries with the low-income group. This study also promotes the use of virtual design and assessment techniques for cost-effectiveness.