Biosynthesis of versican by rat dental pulp cells in culture

Expression, localisation and synthesis of versican by the enamel organ of developing mouse molar tooth germ: an in vivo and in vitro study

OBJECTIVE

Versican is a large, aggregating chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan. In dental tissue, versican expression occurs primarily in mesenchymal tissue but rarely in epithelial tissue. We investigated the expression, localisation and synthesis of versican in the enamel organ of the developing tooth germ.

DESIGN

To elucidate versican localisation in vivo, in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry were conducted in foetal ICR mice at E11.5-E18.5. Epithelium and mesenchyme from the lower first molars at E16.0 were enzymatically separated and versican mRNA expression was investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Organ culture of the separated samples combined with metabolic labelling with [(35)S], followed by gel filtration, was performed to analyse secreted proteoglycans.

RESULTS

Versican mRNA was first expressed in the thickened dental epithelium at E12.0 and continued to be expressed in the enamel organ until the bell stage. Versican immunostaining was detected in the stellate reticulum areas from the bud stage to the apposition stage. The enamel organ at E16.0 expressed versican mRNA at a level comparable to that in dental mesenchyme. Furthermore, when compared to dental mesenchyme, about 1/2-3/4 of the [(35)S]-labelled versican-like large proteoglycan was synthesised and released into tissue explants by the enamel organ.

CONCLUSIONS

The dental epithelium of developing tooth germ is able to synthesise significant amounts of versican.

Expression of Versican and ADAMTS During Rat Tooth Eruption

A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motifs (ADAMTS) is a family of extracellular proteases and implicated in cleaving proteoglycans, such as aggrecan, versican and brevican. No information is available about expression or localization of these ADAMTSs in teeth. Versican is a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that is present in a variety of connective tissue including dental pulp, dentin, cementum and periodontal ligaments. The present study was designed to investigate expression of ADAMTSs and versican during rat tooth eruption. Rat maxillary first molars in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 were examined. The mRNA expression of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and versican was localized using in situ hybridization. ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and versican were expressed in dental pulp cells, odontoblasts, cementoblasts, cementocytes, periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts and osteocytes. The temporal and spatial expression pattern in these cellular phenotypes was comparable among ADAMTSs and versican. The present study suggests that dental pulp cells, odontoblasts, cementoblasts, cementocytes, periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts and osteocytes may be involved in both production and degradation of versican with secreting ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5.