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Hamal P, Sahu SP, Piers PP, Nguyen H, Kamble SS, McCarley RL, Gartia MR, Haber LH. Monitoring Molecular Interactions with Cell Membranes Using Time-Dependent Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Biochemistry 2025; 64:1476-1483. [PMID: 40083219 PMCID: PMC11966749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
Time-resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is used to investigate the physicochemical interactions between positively charged, hydrophobic, drug-like molecules and the plasma membrane of human cells (nonsmall cell lung cancer, H596). In the present study, molecular adsorption and transport of the cationic molecules, malachite green (MG) and malachite green isothiocyanate (MGITC), are studied in real time in living H596 cells and in dead, fixed H596 cells. MGITC is shown to have stronger adsorption and more rapid transport kinetics as compared to MG due to increased dipole-dipole interactions. Additionally, MGITC is found to have faster adsorption and transport kinetics in living H596 cells in comparison to fixed H596 cells, as well as higher dispersity in transport rate, pointing to changes in the nature of the plasma membrane or its integrity. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of electrostatic interactions, chemical functional groups, and cell integrity in molecular translocation dynamics across cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Hamal
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sushant P. Sahu
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- Amity
Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Peter P. Piers
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Shashank S. Kamble
- Amity
Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Robin L. McCarley
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- Fralin
Life Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, 1015 Life Science Circle, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Manas R. Gartia
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Louis H. Haber
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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2
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Muñoz A, Docaj A, Fernandez J, Carriero A. FiberO for an automated quantitative analysis of fibers orientation and organization in biological fibrous tissues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025; 12:1497837. [PMID: 39834630 PMCID: PMC11743555 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1497837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Many biological fibrous tissues exhibit distinctive mechanical properties arising from their highly organized fibrous structure. In disease conditions, alterations in the primary components of these fibers, such as type I collagen molecules in bone, tendons, and ligaments, assembly into a disorganized fibers architecture generating a weak and/or brittle material. Being able to quantitatively assess the fibers orientation and organization in biological tissue may help improve our understanding of their contribution to the tissue and organ mechanical integrity, and assess disease progress and therapy effect. In this work, we present FiberO, a new open-source available software that automatically quantifies fibers orientation, by performing morphological image openings, and fibers organization within the tissue, by determining and plotting their continuity in groups. FiberO performance is here evaluated using second harmonic generation microscopy images of mouse bones and tendons as examples of biological fibrous tissues. FiberO outperformed Directionality and OrientationJ, two open-source plugins available in ImageJ, and FiberFit and CT-FIRE, in the calculation and plotting of fibers orientation in reference images with known fibers orientation. Additionally, FiberO is currently the sole software to date able to accurately track the continuity of aligned fibers, and it quantifies and displays the organized surface(s) in the tissue of interest. FiberO can be used in the wider engineering and science field to investigate the fibers orientation and organization of different natural and synthetic fibrous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alessandra Carriero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
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3
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Page EF, Blackmon MF, Calhoun TR. Second harmonic scattering investigation of bacterial efflux induced by the antibiotic tetracycline. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:174710. [PMID: 39498886 PMCID: PMC11540441 DOI: 10.1063/5.0231391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Efflux pumps are a key component in bacteria's ability to gain resistance to antibiotics. In addition to increasing efflux, new research has suggested that the antibiotic, tetracycline, may have larger impacts on bacterial membranes. Using second harmonic scattering, we monitor the transport of two small molecules across the membranes of different Gram-positive bacteria. By comparing our results to a simple kinetic model, we find evidence for changes in influx and efflux across both bacterial species. These changes, however, are probe-dependent, opening new questions about the localization of the drug's effects and the specificity of the efflux pumps involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F. Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Mikala F. Blackmon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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4
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Blake MJ, Page EF, Smith ME, Calhoun TR. Miltefosine impacts small molecule transport in Gram-positive bacteria. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:981-988. [PMID: 39363965 PMCID: PMC11446237 DOI: 10.1039/d4cb00106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Miltefosine (MLT) is an alkylphosphocholine with clinical success as an anticancer and antiparasitic drug. Although the mechanism of action of MLT is highly debated, the interaction of MLT with the membrane, specifically lipid rafts of eukaryotes, is well-documented. Recent reports suggest MLT impacts the functional membrane microdomains in bacteria - regions of the membrane structurally and functionally similar to lipid rafts. There have been conflicting reports, however, as to whether MLT impacts the overall fluidity of cellular plasma membranes. Here, we apply steady-state fluorescence techniques, generalized polarization of laurdan and anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene, to discern how MLT impacts the global ordering and lipid packing of Staphylococcus aureus membranes. Additionally, we investigate how the transport of a range of small molecules is impacted by MLT for S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis by employing time-resolved second harmonic scattering. Overall, we observe MLT does not have an influence on the overall ordering and packing of S. aureus membranes. Additionally, we show that the transport of small molecules across the membrane can be significantly altered by MLT - although this is not the case for all molecules studied. The results presented here illustrate the potential use of MLT as an adjuvant to assist in the delivery of drug molecules in bacteria.
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5
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Yapp C, Nirmal AJ, Zhou F, Maliga Z, Tefft JB, Llopis PM, Murphy GF, Lian CG, Danuser G, Santagata S, Sorger PK, Human Tumour Atlas Network. Multiplexed 3D Analysis of Immune States and Niches in Human Tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.10.566670. [PMID: 38014052 PMCID: PMC10680601 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.566670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis and the emergence of disease are controlled by changes in the proportions of resident and recruited cells, their organization into cellular neighbourhoods, and their interactions with acellular tissue components. Highly multiplexed tissue profiling (spatial omics)1 makes it possible to study this microenvironment in situ, usually in 4-5 micron thick sections (the standard histopathology format)2. Microscopy-based tissue profiling is commonly performed at a resolution sufficient to determine cell types but not to detect subtle morphological features associated with cytoskeletal reorganisation, juxtracrine signalling, or membrane trafficking3. Here we describe a high-resolution 3D imaging approach able to characterize a wide variety of organelles and structures at sub-micron scale while simultaneously quantifying millimetre-scale spatial features. This approach combines cyclic immunofluorescence (CyCIF) imaging4 of over 50 markers with confocal microscopy of archival human tissue thick enough (30-40 microns) to fully encompass two or more layers of intact cells. 3D imaging of entire cell volumes substantially improves the accuracy of cell phenotyping and allows cell proximity to be scored using plasma membrane apposition, not just nuclear position. In pre-invasive melanoma in situ5, precise phenotyping shows that adjacent melanocytic cells are plastic in state and participate in tightly localised niches of interferon signalling near sites of initial invasion into the underlying dermis. In this and metastatic melanoma, mature and precursor T cells engage in an unexpectedly diverse array of juxtracrine and membrane-membrane interactions as well as looser "neighbourhood" associations6 whose morphologies reveal functional states. These data provide new insight into the transitions occurring during early tumour formation and immunoediting and demonstrate the potential for phenotyping of tissues at a level of detail previously restricted to cultured cells and organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence Yapp
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ajit J. Nirmal
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Felix Zhou
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zoltan Maliga
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Juliann B. Tefft
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paula Montero Llopis
- Microscopy Resources on the North Quad (MicRoN), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George F. Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christine G. Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gaudenz Danuser
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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6
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Bouquiaux C, Champagne B, Beaujean P. Multimillion Atom Simulations of Di-8-ANEPPS Chromophores Embedded in a Model Plasma Membrane: Toward the Investigation of Realistic Dyed Cell Membranes. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:518-531. [PMID: 38157204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A multistep computational approach has been employed to study a multimillion all-atom dyed plasma membrane, with no less than 42 different lipid species spanning the major head groups and a variety of fatty acids, as well as cholesterol, with the objective of investigating its structure and dynamics, as well as its impact on the embedded di-8-ANEPPS dyes. The latter are commonly used as bioimaging probes and serve as local microscopes. So, they provide information on membrane morphology via their second harmonic nonlinear optical (NLO) responses, which have the advantage of being specific to interface regions and sensitive to the chromophore environment. In previous studies, this chromophore has only been studied in simpler membrane models, far from the complexity of real lipid bilayers, while, owing to the ever-increasing computational resources, multimillion lipid bilayers have been studied, giving access to the effects of its heterogeneity. First, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, it is found that the combination of lipids produces a more ordered and denser membrane compared to its homogeneous model counterparts, while the local environment of the embedded dyes becomes enriched in phosphatidylcholine. Subsequently, the second harmonic first hyperpolarizability of the probes was calculated at the TDDFT level on selected frames of MD, highlighting the influence of the lipid environment. Due to the complexity of the system, machine learning (ML) tools have been employed to establish relationships between the membrane structural parameters, the orientation of the probes, and their NLO responses. These ML approaches have revealed influential features, including the presence of diacylglycerol lipids close to the dye. On the whole, this work provides a first step toward understanding the cooperation, synergy, and interactions that occur in such complex guest-host environments, which have emerged as new targets for drug design and membrane lipid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Beaujean
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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7
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Wu W, Brandt C, Zhou X, Tang S. Label-free multimodal imaging with simultaneous two-photon and three-photon microscopy and kernel-based nonlinear scaling denoising. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:114-130. [PMID: 38223188 PMCID: PMC10783916 DOI: 10.1364/boe.504550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
We report on a compact multimodal imaging system that can acquire two-photon microscopy (2PM) and three-photon microscopy (3PM) images simultaneously. With dual excitation wavelengths, multiple contrasts including two-photon-excitation-fluorescence (2PEF), second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG) are acquired simultaneously from cells, collagen fibers, and interfaces, all label-free. Challenges related to the excitation by two wavelengths and the effective separation of 2PM and 3PM signals are discussed and addressed. The data processing challenge where multiple contrasts can have significantly varying signal levels is also addressed. A kernel-based nonlinear scaling (KNS) denoising method is introduced to reduce noise from ultra-low signal images and generate high-quality multimodal images. Simultaneous 2PM and 3PM imaging is demonstrated on various tissue samples. The simultaneous acquisition speeds up the imaging process and minimizes the commonly encountered problem of motion artifacts and mechanical drift in sequential acquisition. Multimodal imaging with simultaneous 2PM and 3PM will have great potential for label-free in-vivo imaging of biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christoph Brandt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shuo Tang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
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8
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Sheng M, Zhao Y, Wu Z, Zhao J, Lui H, Kalia S, Zeng H. Single source CARS-based multimodal microscopy system for biological tissue imaging [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:131-141. [PMID: 38223172 PMCID: PMC10783911 DOI: 10.1364/boe.504978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)-based multimodality microscopy system was developed using a single Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser source for biological imaging. It provides three complementary and co-registered imaging modalities: CARS, MPM (multiphoton microscopy), and RCM (reflectance confocal microscopy). The imaging speed is about 1 frame-per-second (fps) with a digital resolution of 1024 × 1024 pixels. This microscopy system can provide clear 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional images of ex-vivo biological tissue samples. Its spectral selection initiates vibrational excitation in lipid cells (approximately 2850 cm-1) using two filters on the pump and Stokes beam paths. The excitation can be tuned over a wide spectral range with adjustable spectral filters. The imaging capability of this CARS-based multimodal microscopy system was demonstrated using porcine fat, murine skin, and murine liver tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Sheng
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Harvey Lui
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Haishan Zeng
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Institute, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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9
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Marjanowska A, El Karout H, Guichaoua D, Sahraoui B, Płóciennik P, Zawadzka A. Topography and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Thin Films Containing Iodide-Based Hybrid Perovskites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:50. [PMID: 38202504 PMCID: PMC10780914 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This article covers selected properties of organic-inorganic thin films of hybrid perovskites with the summary formulas CH3NH3MI3, where M = Pb, Cd, Ge, Sn, Zn. The paper discusses not only the history, general structure, applications of perovskites and the basics of the theory of nonlinear optics, but also the results of experimental research on their structural, spectroscopic, and nonlinear optical properties. The samples used in all presented studies were prepared in the physical vapor deposition process by using co-deposition from two independent thermal sources containing the organic and inorganic parts of individual perovskites. Ultimately, thin layers with a thickness of the order of nanometers were obtained on glass and crystalline substrates. Their structural properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy imaging. Spectroscopic tests were used to confirm the tested films' transmission quality and determine previously unknown physical parameters, such as the absorption coefficient and refractive index. Experimental results of the nonlinear optical properties were obtained by studying the second and third harmonic generation processes and using initial sample polarization in the so-called Corona poling process. The obtained experimental results allowed us to determine the second- and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the tested materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Marjanowska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Houda El Karout
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
- MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, SFR MATRIX, University of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Dominique Guichaoua
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Bouchta Sahraoui
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Przemysław Płóciennik
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Zawadzka
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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10
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Bouquiaux C, Beaujean P, Ramos TN, Castet F, Rodriguez V, Champagne B. First hyperpolarizability of the di-8-ANEPPS and DR1 nonlinear optical chromophores in solution. An experimental and multi-scale theoretical chemistry study. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174307. [PMID: 37933782 DOI: 10.1063/5.0174979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The solvent effects on the linear and second-order nonlinear optical properties of an aminonaphtylethenylpyridinium (ANEP) dye are investigated by combining experimental and theoretical chemistry methods. On the one hand, deep near infrared (NIR) hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) measurements (1840-1950 nm) are performed on solutions of di-8-ANEPPS in deuterated chloroform, dimethylformamide, and dimethylsulfoxide to determine their first hyperpolarizablity (βHRS). For the first time, these HRS experiments are carried out in the picosecond regime in the deep NIR with very moderate (≤3 mW) average input power, providing a good signal-to-noise ratio and avoiding solvent thermal effects. Moreover, the frequency dispersion of βHRS is investigated for Disperse Red 1 (DR1), a dye commonly used as HRS external reference. On the other hand, these are compared with computational chemistry results obtained by using a sequential molecular dynamics (MD) then quantum mechanics (QM) approach. The MD method allows accounting for the dynamical nature of the molecular structures. Then, the QM part is based on TDDFT/M06-2X/6-311+G* calculations using solvation models ranging from continuum to discrete ones. Measurements report a decrease of the βHRS of di-8-ANEPPS in more polar solvents and these effects are reproduced by the different solvation models. For di-8-ANEPPS and DR1, comparisons show that the use of a hybrid solvation model, combining the description of the solvent molecules around the probe by point charges with a continuum model, already achieves quasi quantitative agreement with experiment. These results are further improved by using a polarizable embedding that includes the atomic polarizabilities in the solvent description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Beaujean
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Tárcius N Ramos
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Rodriguez
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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11
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Ahmad F, Soe S, Albon J, Errington R, Theobald P. Quantifying the microstructural and biomechanical changes in the porcine ventricles during growth and remodelling. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:166-192. [PMID: 37797709 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue growth and remodelling (G & R) occur in response to the changing physiological demands of the heart after birth. The early shift to pulmonary circulation produces an immediate increase in ventricular workload, causing microstructural and biomechanical changes that serve to maintain overall physiological homoeostasis. Such cardiac G & R continues throughout life. Quantifying the tissue's mechanical and microstructural changes because of G & R is of increasing interest, dovetailing with the emerging fields of personalised and precision solutions. This study aimed to determine equibiaxial, and non-equibiaxial extension, stress-relaxation, and the underlying microstructure of the passive porcine ventricles tissue at four time points spanning from neonatal to adulthood. The three-dimensional microstructure was investigated via two-photon excited fluorescence and second-harmonic generation microscopy on optically cleared tissues, describing the 3D orientation, rotation and dispersion of the cardiomyocytes and collagen fibrils. The results revealed that during biomechanical testing, myocardial ventricular tissue possessed non-linear, anisotropic, and viscoelastic behaviour. An increase in stiffness and viscoelasticity was noted for the left and right ventricular free walls from neonatal to adulthood. Microstructural analyses revealed concomitant increases in cardiomyocyte rotation and dispersion. This study provides baseline data, describing the biomechanical and microstructural changes in the left and right ventricular myocardial tissue during G & R, which should prove valuable to researchers in developing age-specific, constitutive models for more accurate computational simulations. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is a dearth of experimental data describing the growth and remodelling of left and right ventricular tissue. The published literature is fragmented, with data reported via different experimental techniques using tissues harvested from a variety of animals, with different gender and ages. This prevents developing a continuum of data spanning birth to death, so limiting the potential that can be leveraged to aid computational modelling and simulations. In this study, equibiaxial, non-equibiaxial, and stress-relaxation data are presented, describing directional-dependent material responses. The biomechanical data is consolidated with equivalent microstructural data, an important element for the development of future material models. Combined, these data describe microstructural and biomechanical changes in the ventricles, spanning G &R from neonatal to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmad
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, UK; School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, UK.
| | - Shwe Soe
- FET - Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of West of England, UK
| | - Julie Albon
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, UK; Viva Scientia Bioimaging Laboratories, Cardiff University, UK
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12
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Murray G, Field J, Xiu M, Farah Y, Wang L, Pinaud O, Bartels R. Aberration free synthetic aperture second harmonic generation holography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:32434-32457. [PMID: 37859047 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a valuable tool for optical microscopy. SHG microscopy is normally performed as a point scanning imaging method, which lacks phase information and is limited in spatial resolution by the spatial frequency support of the illumination optics. In addition, aberrations in the illumination are difficult to remove. We propose and demonstrate SHG holographic synthetic aperture holographic imaging in both the forward (transmission) and backward (epi) imaging geometries. By taking a set of holograms with varying incident angle plane wave illumination, the spatial frequency support is increased and the input and output pupil phase aberrations are estimated and corrected - producing diffraction limited SHG imaging that combines the spatial frequency support of the input and output optics. The phase correction algorithm is computationally efficient and robust and can be applied to any set of measured field imaging data.
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13
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Corallo D, Dalla Vecchia M, Lazic D, Taschner-Mandl S, Biffi A, Aveic S. The molecular basis of tumor metastasis and current approaches to decode targeted migration-promoting events in pediatric neuroblastoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115696. [PMID: 37481138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Cell motility is a crucial biological process that plays a critical role in the development of multicellular organisms and is essential for tissue formation and regeneration. However, uncontrolled cell motility can lead to the development of various diseases, including neoplasms. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the discovery of regulatory mechanisms underlying the metastatic spread of neuroblastoma, a solid pediatric tumor that originates in the embryonic migratory cells of the neural crest. The highly motile phenotype of metastatic neuroblastoma cells requires targeting of intracellular and extracellular processes, that, if affected, would be helpful for the treatment of high-risk patients with neuroblastoma, for whom current therapies remain inadequate. Development of new potentially migration-inhibiting compounds and standardized preclinical approaches for the selection of anti-metastatic drugs in neuroblastoma will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Corallo
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Dalla Vecchia
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Daria Lazic
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, CCRI, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Taschner-Mandl
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, CCRI, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Woman's and Child Health Department, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy.
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14
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Blake MJ, Castillo HB, Curtis AE, Calhoun TR. Facilitating flip-flop: Structural tuning of molecule-membrane interactions in living bacteria. Biophys J 2023; 122:1735-1747. [PMID: 37041744 PMCID: PMC10209030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The first barrier that a small molecule must overcome before trespassing into a living cell is the lipid bilayer surrounding the intracellular content. It is imperative, therefore, to understand how the structure of a small molecule influences its fate in this region. Through the use of second harmonic generation, we show how the differing degrees of ionic headgroups, conjugated system, and branched hydrocarbon tail disparities of a series of four styryl dye molecules influence the propensity to "flip-flop" or to be further organized in the outer leaflet by the membrane. We show here that initial adsorption experiments match previous studies on model systems; however, more complex dynamics are observed over time. Aside from probe molecule structure, these dynamics also vary between cell species and can deviate from trends reported based on model membranes. Specifically, we show here that the membrane composition is an important factor to consider for headgroup-mediated small-molecule dynamics. Overall, the findings presented here on how structural variability of small molecules impacts their initial adsorption and eventual destinations within membranes in the context of living cells could have practical applications in antibiotic and drug adjuvant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marea J Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Hannah B Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Anna E Curtis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Tessa R Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
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15
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Naim C, Vangheluwe R, Ledoux-Rak I, Champagne B, Tonnelé C, Blanchard-Desce M, Matito E, Castet F. Electric-field induced second harmonic generation responses of push-pull polyenic dyes: experimental and theoretical characterizations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13978-13988. [PMID: 37191226 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The second-order nonlinear optical properties of four series of amphiphilic cationic chromophores involving different push-pull extremities and increasingly large polyenic bridges have been investigated both experimentally, by means of electric field induced second harmonic (EFISH) generation, and theoretically, using a computational approach combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum chemical (QM) calculations. This theoretical methodology allows to describe the effects of structural fluctuations on the EFISH properties of the complexes formed by the dye and its iodine counterion, and provides a rationale to EFISH measurements. The good agreement between experimental and theoretical results proves that this MD + QM scheme constitutes a useful tool for a rational, computer-aided, design of SHG dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Naim
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | - Raphaël Vangheluwe
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
| | - Isabelle Ledoux-Rak
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces, Institut d'Alembert-ENS Paris Saclay-CNRS-CentraleSupelec, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | | | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
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16
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Sinha Roy R, Ghosh A, Banerjee S, Ghosh S, Das AK. New kind of electride sandwich complexes based on the cyclooctatetraene ligand M 12(η 8-C 8H 8) 2M 22 (M 1 = Na, K and M 2 = Ca, Mg): a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4710-4723. [PMID: 36661858 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04127h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the electronic structures of a series of binuclear sandwich complexes based on the cyclooctatetraene ligand M12(η8-C8H8)2M22 (M1 = Na, K and M2 = Ca, Mg) are studied theoretically. Each cyclooctatetraene ligand binds with the metal in the η8 binding mode. The M2-M2 bond length agrees well with the reported bimetallic covalent Ca2 and Mg2 bond lengths. The Wiberg bond index (WBI) also indicates the presence of covalent M2-M2 bonds, which gives additional stability to the complex. A non-nuclear attractor (NNA) is found in-between the M2-M2 bond and the negative Laplacian of the electron density is found at the NNA. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) plot shows that electron density is localized at the M2-M2 bond. Based on the performed analysis, we have concluded that the designed sandwich complexes are electrides. We herein report, for the first time, the electride sandwich complexes of the cyclooctatetraene ligand. Due to the presence of a diffuse electron system, the electride complexes exhibit higher values of the static second hyperpolarizability within the range of 2.6 × 105 to 1.4 × 106 a.u. Among the studied complexes, M12(η8-C8H8)2Ca2 exhibit a higher value of static second hyperpolarizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Sinha Roy
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Avik Ghosh
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumadip Banerjee
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suniti Ghosh
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhijit K Das
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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17
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Van Galen CJ, Pauszek RF, Koder RL, Stanley RJ. Flavin Charge Redistribution upon Optical Excitation Is Independent of Solvent Polarity. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:661-672. [PMID: 36649202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavin absorption spectra encode molecular details of the flavin's local environment through coupling of local electric fields with the chromophore's charge redistribution upon optical excitation. Translating experimentally measured field-tuned transition energies to local electric field magnitudes and directions across a wide range of field magnitudes requires that the charge redistribution be independent of the local field. We have measured the charge redistribution upon optical excitation of the derivatized flavin TPARF in the non-hydrogen-bonding, nonpolar solvent toluene, with and without a tridentate hydrogen-bonding ligand, DBAP, using electronic Stark spectroscopy. These measurements were interpreted using TD-DFT finite field and difference density calculations. In comparing our present results to previous Stark spectroscopic analyses of flavin in more polar solvents, we conclude that flavin charge redistribution upon optical excitation is independent of solvent polarity, indicating that dependence of flavin transition energies on local field magnitude is linear with local field magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius J Van Galen
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., 250B Beury Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Raymond F Pauszek
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., 250B Beury Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Ronald L Koder
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, 1.308 CDI Bldg., 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Robert J Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., 250B Beury Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
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18
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Dianat M, Münchberg U, Blank LM, Freier E, Ebert BE. Non-invasive monitoring of microbial triterpenoid production using nonlinear microscopy techniques. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1106566. [PMID: 36926686 PMCID: PMC10012247 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bioproduction of plant-derived triterpenoids in recombinant microbes is receiving great attention to make these biologically active compounds industrially accessible as nutraceuticals, pharmaceutics, and cosmetic ingredients. So far, there is no direct method for detecting triterpenoids under physiological conditions on a cellular level, information yet highly relevant to rationalizing microbial engineering. Methods: Here, we show in a proof-of-concept study, that triterpenoids can be detected and monitored in living yeast cells by combining coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and second-harmonic-generation (SHG) microscopy techniques. We applied CARS and SHG microscopy measurements, and for comparison classical Nile Red staining, on immobilized and growing triterpenoid-producing, and non-producing reference Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Results and Discussion: We found that the SHG signal in triterpenoid-producing strains is significantly higher than in a non-producing reference strain, correlating with lipophile content as determined by Nile red staining. In growing cultures, both CARS and SHG signals showed changes over time, enabling new insights into the dynamics of triterpenoid production and storage inside cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Dianat
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Münchberg
- University Development and Strategy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Erik Freier
- Interdisciplinary Center for Machine Learning and Data Analytics (IZMD), University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Birgitta E Ebert
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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19
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Castet F, Tonnelé C, Muccioli L, Champagne B. Predicting the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Organic Materials: The Role of Dynamics. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3716-3726. [PMID: 36469424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last 30 years have witnessed an ever-growing application of computational chemistry for rationalizing the nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of organic chromophores. More specifically, quantum chemical calculations proved highly helpful in gaining fundamental insights into the factors governing the magnitude and character of molecular first hyperpolarizabilities (β), be they either intrinsic to the chromophore molecular structure and arising from symmetry, chemical substitution, or π-electron delocalization, or induced by external contributions such as the laser probe or solvation and polarization effects. Most theoretical reports assumed a rigid picture of the investigated systems, the NLO responses being computed solely at the most stable geometry of the chromophores. Yet, recent developments combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and DFT calculations have evidenced the significant role of structural fluctuations, which may induce broad distributions of NLO responses, and even generate them in some instances.This Account presents recent case studies in which theoretical simulations have highlighted these effects. The discussion specifically focuses on the simulation of the second-order NLO properties that can be measured experimentally either from Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) or Electric-Field Induced Second Harmonic Generation (EFISHG). More general but technical topics concerning several aspects of the calculations of hyperpolarizabilities are instead discussed in the Supporting Information.Selected examples include organic chromophores, photochromic systems, and ionic complexes in the liquid phase, for which the effects of explicit solvation, concentration, and chromophore aggregation are emphasized, as well as large flexible systems such as peptide chains and pyrimidine-based helical polymers, in which the relative variations of the responses were shown to be several times larger than their average values. The impact of geometrical fluctuations is also illustrated for supramolecular architectures with the examples of nanoparticles formed by organic dipolar dyes in water solution, whose soft nature allows for large shape variations translating into huge fluctuations in time of their NLO response, and of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on indolino-oxazolidine or azobenzene switches, in which the geometrical distortions of the photochromic molecules, as well as their orientational and positional disorder within the SAMs, highly impact their NLO response and contrast upon switching. Finally, the effects of the rigidity and fluidity of the surrounding are evidenced for NLO dyes inserted in phospholipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Castet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400Talence, France
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "'Toso Montanari"', University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136Bologna, Italy
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000Namur, Belgium
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20
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Page EF, Blake MJ, Foley GA, Calhoun TR. Monitoring membranes: The exploration of biological bilayers with second harmonic generation. CHEMICAL PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:041307. [PMID: 36536669 PMCID: PMC9756348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nature's seemingly controlled chaos in heterogeneous two-dimensional cell membranes stands in stark contrast to the precise, often homogeneous, environment in an experimentalist's flask or carefully designed material system. Yet cell membranes can play a direct role, or serve as inspiration, in all fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering. Our understanding of these ubiquitous structures continues to evolve despite over a century of study largely driven by the application of new technologies. Here, we review the insight afforded by second harmonic generation (SHG), a nonlinear optical technique. From potential measurements to adsorption and diffusion on both model and living systems, SHG complements existing techniques while presenting a large exploratory space for new discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F. Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Marea J. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Grant A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Tessa R. Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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21
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Rumney BM, Morgan SR, Mosselmans JFW, Malik FT, Holden SJ, Parker AR, White N, Lewis PN, Albon J, Meek KM. Characterisation of carapace composition in developing and adult ostracods ( Skogsbergia lerneri) and its potential for biomaterials. MARINE BIOLOGY 2022; 169:78. [PMID: 35607419 PMCID: PMC9119885 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-022-04047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The protective carapace of Skogsbergia lerneri, a marine ostracod, is scratch-resistant and transparent. The compositional and structural organisation of the carapace that underlies these properties is unknown. In this study, we aimed to quantify and determine the distribution of chemical elements and chitin within the carapace of adult ostracods, as well as at different stages of ostracod development, to gain insight into its composition. Elemental analyses included X-ray absorption near-edge structure, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. Nonlinear microscopy and spectral imaging were performed to determine chitin distribution within the carapace. High levels of calcium (20.3%) and substantial levels of magnesium (1.89%) were identified throughout development. Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) was detected in carapaces of all developmental stages, with the polymorph, aragonite, identified in A-1 and adult carapaces. Novel chitin-derived second harmonic generation signals (430/5 nm) were detected. Quantification of relative chitin content within the developing and adult carapaces identified negligible differences in chitin content between developmental stages and adult carapaces, except for the lower chitin contribution in A-2 (66.8 ± 7.6%) compared to A-5 (85.5 ± 10%) (p = 0.03). Skogsbergia lerneri carapace calcium carbonate composition was distinct to other myodocopid ostracods. These calcium polymorphs and ACC are described in other biological transparent materials, and with the consistent chitin distribution throughout S. lerneri development, may imply a biological adaptation to preserve carapace physical properties. Realisation of S. lerneri carapace synthesis and structural organisation will enable exploitation to manufacture biomaterials and biomimetics with huge potential in industrial and military applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Rumney
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
| | - Siân R. Morgan
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - F. Tegwen Malik
- School of Management, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
| | - Simon J. Holden
- DSTL Physical Sciences Group, Platform Systems Division, DSTL Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JQ UK
| | - Andrew R. Parker
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 0HG UK
| | - Nick White
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Labs, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
| | - Philip N. Lewis
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Julie Albon
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Labs, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keith M. Meek
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ UK
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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22
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Padrez Y, Golubewa L, Kulahava T, Vladimirskaja T, Semenkova G, Adzerikho I, Yatsevich O, Amaegberi N, Karpicz R, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P, Rutkauskas D. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension fibrosis using wide-field second harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7330. [PMID: 35513702 PMCID: PMC9072392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that wide-field second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy of lung tissue in combination with quantitative analysis of SHG images is a powerful tool for fast and label-free visualization of the fibrosis pathogenesis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Statistical analysis of the SHG images revealed changes of the collagen content and morphology in the lung tissue during the monocrotaline-induced PAH progression in rats. First order statistics disclosed the dependence of the collagen overproduction on time, the second order statistics indicated tightening of collagen fiber network around blood vessels and their spreading into the alveolar region. Fourier analysis revealed that enhancement of the fiber orientation in the collagen network with PAH progression was followed with its subsequent reduction at the terminating phase of the disease. Proposed approach has potential for assessing pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease, after lung(s) transplantation, cancer, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaraslau Padrez
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Lena Golubewa
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata Karpicz
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
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23
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de Coene Y, Jooken S, Deschaume O, Van Steenbergen V, Vanden Berghe P, Van den Haute C, Baekelandt V, Callewaert G, Van Cleuvenbergen S, Verbiest T, Bartic C, Clays K. Label-Free Imaging of Membrane Potentials by Intramembrane Field Modulation, Assessed by Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200205. [PMID: 35355419 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical interrogation of cellular electrical activity has proven itself essential for understanding cellular function and communication in complex networks. Voltage-sensitive dyes are important tools for assessing excitability but these highly lipophilic sensors may affect cellular function. Label-free techniques offer a major advantage as they eliminate the need for these external probes. In this work, it is shown that endogenous second-harmonic generation (SHG) from live cells is highly sensitive to changes in transmembrane potential (TMP). Simultaneous electrophysiological control of a living human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cell, through a whole-cell voltage-clamp reveals a linear relation between the SHG intensity and membrane voltage. The results suggest that due to the high ionic strengths and fast optical response of biofluids, membrane hydration is not the main contributor to the observed field sensitivity. A conceptual framework is further provided that indicates that the SHG voltage sensitivity reflects the electric field within the biological asymmetric lipid bilayer owing to a nonzero χeff(2) tensor. Changing the TMP without surface modifications such as electrolyte screening offers high optical sensitivity to membrane voltage (≈40% per 100 mV), indicating the power of SHG for label-free read-out. These results hold promise for the design of a non-invasive label-free read-out tool for electrogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovan de Coene
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stijn Jooken
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Olivier Deschaume
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Valérie Van Steenbergen
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), TAGRID, Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing, Ku Leuven, ON I Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), TAGRID, Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing, Ku Leuven, ON I Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Ku Leuven, RK-Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Ku Leuven, RK-Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Geert Callewaert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ku Leuven, KULAK Kortrijk Campus, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk, 8500, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Cleuvenbergen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Thierry Verbiest
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Koen Clays
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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Wu W, Liu Q, Brandt C, Tang S. Dual-wavelength multimodal multiphoton microscope with SMA-based depth scanning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2754-2771. [PMID: 35774327 PMCID: PMC9203102 DOI: 10.1364/boe.456390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on a multimodal multiphoton microscopy (MPM) system with depth scanning. The multimodal capability is realized by an Er-doped femtosecond fiber laser with dual output wavelengths of 1580 nm and 790 nm that are responsible for three-photon and two-photon excitation, respectively. A shape-memory-alloy (SMA) actuated miniaturized objective enables the depth scanning capability. Image stacks combined with two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF), second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG) signals have been acquired from animal, fungus, and plant tissue samples with a maximum depth range over 200 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Qihao Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christoph Brandt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shuo Tang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 5500-2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada
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25
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Cui L, Li R, Mu T, Wang J, Zhang W, Sun M. In situ Plasmon-Enhanced CARS and TPEF for Gram staining identification of non-fluorescent bacteria. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120283. [PMID: 34428635 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report in situ nonlinear microscopic images on plasmon-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and plasmon-Induced two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)of non-fluorescent microorganism. Our unique synthesized Au@Ag nanorods provide with two distinct surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) at 400 and 800 nm, respectively, which can efficiently induce linear fluorescence signals of E. coli but also enhance the nonlinear optical spectroscopy signals of TPEF, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging of E. coli and S. aureus. Furthermore, calculations with complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) reveals the hot electrons of SPs can efficiently induce the biological fluorescence of non-fluorescent flavin nucleotides on the surface of E. coli. This novel mechanism is expected to guide the development and application of new microbial detection reagents. Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria can be well distinguished by nonlinear microscopic imaging of the CARS signal at 1589 cm-1. Benefit by the strong penetrability of non-linear optical signals, it is expected to realize in situ real-time detection and classification of pathogenic microbial infections in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingjie Mu
- People's Hospital of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Linxia City 731100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangcai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Lee H, Kim J, Kim HH, Kim CS, Kim J. Review on Optical Imaging Techniques for Multispectral Analysis of Nanomaterials. Nanotheranostics 2022; 6:50-61. [PMID: 34976580 PMCID: PMC8671957 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.63222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical imaging is an essential tool for investigating biological responses in vivo. Among the several imaging techniques, optical imaging systems with multispectral analysis of nanoparticles have been widely investigated due to their ability to distinguish the substances in biological tissues in vivo. This review article focus on multispectral optical imaging techniques that can provide molecular functional information. We summarize the basic principle of the spectral unmixing technique that enables the delineation of optical chromophores. Then, we explore the principle, typical system configuration, and biomedical applications of the representative optical imaging techniques, which are fluorescence imaging, two-photon microscopy, and photoacoustic imaging. The results in the recent studies show the great potential of the multispectral analysis techniques for monitoring responses of biological systems in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeni Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Hoi Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeesu Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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27
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Zhang J, Chen J, Wang Y, Li R. Study of collagen remodeling in structural disorders of the temporomandibular joint using second-harmonic generation microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:9295-9302. [PMID: 34807064 DOI: 10.1364/ao.431628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Structural disorder of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a progressive disease with poor prognosis due to its physiological three-dimensional anatomical position and the complicated relationship among muscles, ligaments, and cartilage. The lack of detection methods for changes in the collagen structure of the TMJ disc makes the diagnosis untimely and unclear. This work aimed to explore the feasibility of using a promising detection technique, second-harmonic generation (SHG), to characterize collagen fibers in a TMJ disc with structural disorders. The TMJ discs with structural disorder were observed using SHG microscopy, and assessment of collagen orientation was conducted by analyzing digitized images. The SHG images were also compared with the scanning electron microscopy images and microscopic images acquired after hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. The SHG imaging showed that the collagen fibers in diseased TMJ were distributed in a disorderly manner, and pixel intensities in diseased TMJ discs were significantly different from those acquired in healthy TMJs. Moreover, the three dimensions of collagen fibers and dynamic images acquired by SHG nonlinear optical microscopy showed the structural disorder of the collagen fibers in a diseased TMJ. In summary, SHG imaging could provide three-dimensional and quantitative data, with dynamic and critical pathological information for clinical diagnosis, showing its potential value in the diagnosis and evaluation of structural disorders of the TMJ disc.
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28
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Naim C, Castet F, Matito E. Impact of van der Waals interactions on the structural and nonlinear optical properties of azobenzene switches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21227-21239. [PMID: 34542144 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02500g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The geometrical structures, relative Z-E energies, and second-order nonlinear responses of a collection of azobenzene molecules symmetrically substituted in the meta-position with functional groups of different bulkiness are investigated using various ab initio and density functional approximations. We show that RI-MP2 and RI-CC2 approximations provide very similar geometries and relative energies and evidence that London dispersion interactions existing between bulky meta-substituents stabilize the Z conformer. The ωB97X-D exchange-correlation functional provides an accurate description of these effects and gives a good account of the nonlinear optical response of the molecules. We show that density functional approximations should include no less than 50% of Hartree-Fock exchange to provide accurate hyperpolarizabilities. A property-structure analysis of the azobenzene derivatives reveals that the main contribution to the first hyperpolarizability comes from the azo bond, but phenyl meso-substituents can enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Naim
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255), University of Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255), University of Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain.
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29
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Bouquiaux C, Castet F, Champagne B. Unravelling the Effects of Cholesterol on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Di-8-ANEPPS Dye Embedded in Phosphatidylcholine Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10195-10212. [PMID: 34491062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is known for its role in maintaining the correct fluidity and rigidity of the animals cell membranes and thus their functions. Assessing the content and the role of cholesterol in lipid bilayers is therefore of crucial importance for a deeper understanding and control of membrane functioning. In this computational work, we investigate bilayers built from three types of glycerophospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, namely dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and containing different amounts of cholesterol by analyzing the second-harmonic generation (SHG) nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a probe molecule, di-8-ANEPPS, inserted into the membranes. This molecular property presents the advantage to be specific to interfacial regions such as lipid bilayers. To unravel these effects, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on both DPPC and DOPC lipids by varying the cholesterol mole fraction (from 0 to 0.66), while POPC was only considered as a pure bilayer. In the case of the structural properties of the bilayers, all the analyses converge toward the same conclusion: as the mole fraction of cholesterol increases, the systems become more rigid, confirming the condensing effect of cholesterol. In addition, the chromophore is progressively more aligned with respect to the normal to the bilayer. On the contrary, addition of unsaturation disorders the lipid bilayers, with barely no impact on the alignment of the chromophore. Then, using the frames obtained from the MD simulations, the first hyperpolarizability β of the dye in its environment has been computed at the TDDFT level. On the one hand, the addition of cholesterol induces a progressive increase of the diagonal component the β tensor parallel to the bilayer normal. On the other hand, larger β values have been calculated for the unsaturated than for the saturated lipid systems. In summary, this study illustrates the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayers and the NLO responses of the embedded dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- , Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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30
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Mudiyanselage RRHH, Burton J, Magill BA, McMillan K, Gagliano G, Morral AJ, Gyu Kang M, Kang HB, Priya S, Stanton CJ, Khodaparast GA. Optical properties of Pb 0.52Zr 0.48TiO 3 nanorod arrays: second harmonic generation and multiphoton carrier dynamics. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ac023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nonlinear optical properties of poled and unpoled, lead zirconate-titanate (Pb0.52Zr0.48TiO3) nanorod arrays, grown on Pt-coated Si with ∼200 nm diameter and ∼600 nm height, were investigated. Clear signatures of second harmonic generations (SHG), from 490–525 nm (2.38–2.53 eV) at room temperature, were observed. Furthermore, time resolved differential reflectivity measurements were performed to study dynamical properties of photoexcited carriers in the range of 690–1000 nm where multiphoton processes were responsible for the photo-excitations. We compared this excitation scheme, which is sensitive mainly to the surface states, to when the photoexcited energy (∼3.1 eV) was close to the band gap of the nanorods. Our results offer promises for employing these nanostructures in nonlinear photonic applications.
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31
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Xu D, Liang S, Xu L, Bourdakos KN, Johnson P, Read J, Price JHV, Mahajan S, Richardson DJ. Widely-tunable synchronisation-free picosecond laser source for multimodal CARS, SHG, and two-photon microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1010-1019. [PMID: 33680556 PMCID: PMC7901310 DOI: 10.1364/boe.411620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a continuous wave (CW) seeded synchronization-free optical parametric amplifier (OPA) pumped by a picosecond, 1 µm laser and show its performance when used as a simple yet powerful source for label-free coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), concurrent second harmonic generation (SHG), and two-photon fluorescence microscopy in an epi-detection geometry. The average power level of above 175 mW, spectral resolution of 8 cm-1, and 2 ps pulse duration are well optimized for CARS microscopy in bio-science and bio-medical imaging systems. Our OPA is a much simpler setup than either the "gold-standard" laser and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) combination traditionally used for CARS imaging, or the more recently developed OPA systems pumped with femtosecond pulses [1]. Rapid and accurate tuning between resonances was achieved by changing the poled channels and temperature of the periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) OPA crystal together with the OPA seed wavelength. The Pump-Stokes frequency detuning range fully covered the C-H stretching band used for the imaging of lipids. By enabling three multiphoton techniques using a compact, synchronization free laser source, our work paves the way for the translation of label-free multi-photon microscopy imaging from biomedical research to an imaging based diagnostic tool for use in the healthcare arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyang Xu
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sijing Liang
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Lin Xu
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Konstantinos N. Bourdakos
- Institute for Life Sciences and School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- Institute for Life Sciences and School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - James Read
- Institute for Life Sciences and School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jonathan H. V. Price
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sumeet Mahajan
- Institute for Life Sciences and School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - David J. Richardson
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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32
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James DS, Campagnola PJ. Recent Advancements in Optical Harmonic Generation Microscopy: Applications and Perspectives. BME FRONTIERS 2021; 2021:3973857. [PMID: 37849910 PMCID: PMC10521653 DOI: 10.34133/2021/3973857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) microscopies have emerged as powerful imaging modalities to examine structural properties of a wide range of biological tissues. Although SHG and THG arise from very different contrast mechanisms, the two are complimentary and can often be collected simultaneously using a modified multiphoton microscope. In this review, we discuss the needed instrumentation for these modalities as well as the underlying theoretical principles of SHG and THG in tissue and describe how these can be leveraged to extract unique structural information. We provide an overview of recent advances showing how SHG microscopy has been used to evaluate collagen alterations in the extracellular matrix and how this has been used to advance our knowledge of cancers, fibroses, and the cornea, as well as in tissue engineering applications. Specific examples using polarization-resolved approaches and machine learning algorithms are highlighted. Similarly, we review how THG has enabled developmental biology and skin cancer studies due to its sensitivity to changes in refractive index, which are ubiquitous in all cell and tissue assemblies. Lastly, we offer perspectives and outlooks on future directions of SHG and THG microscopies and present unresolved questions, especially in terms of overall miniaturization and the development of microendoscopy instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darian S. James
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Engineering Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul J. Campagnola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Engineering Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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33
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van Galen C, Barnard DT, Stanley RJ. Stark Spectroscopy of Lumichrome: A Possible Candidate for Stand-Off Detection of Bacterial Quorum Sensing. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11835-11842. [PMID: 33325706 PMCID: PMC8714027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lumichrome (7,8-dimethylalloxazine, LC) is a natural photodegradation product and catabolite of flavin coenzymes. Although not a coenzyme itself, LC is used for biosignaling in plants and single-celled organisms, including quorum sensing in the formation of biofilms. The noninvasive detection of in vivo lumichrome would be useful for monitoring this signaling event. For molecules that undergo significant charge redistribution upon light excitation (e.g., intramolecular charge transfer), there are optical detection methods (e.g., second-harmonic generation) that would be well suited to this task. Here, we have used Stark spectroscopy to measure the extent and direction of charge redistribution in photoexcited LC. Stark and low-temperature absorption spectra were obtained at 77 K on LC in ethanol glasses and analyzed using the Liptay analysis to obtain the difference dipole moments and polarizabilities. These data were complemented by a computational analysis of the excited states using density functional theory (DFT) at the TD-B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius van Galen
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 250B Beury Hall, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - David T Barnard
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 250B Beury Hall, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Robert J Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 250B Beury Hall, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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34
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Kandel ME, He YR, Lee YJ, Chen THY, Sullivan KM, Aydin O, Saif MTA, Kong H, Sobh N, Popescu G. Phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS) for measuring dry mass changes in sub-cellular compartments. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6256. [PMID: 33288761 PMCID: PMC7721808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its specificity, fluorescence microscopy has become a quintessential imaging tool in cell biology. However, photobleaching, phototoxicity, and related artifacts continue to limit fluorescence microscopy's utility. Recently, it has been shown that artificial intelligence (AI) can transform one form of contrast into another. We present phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS), a combination of quantitative phase imaging and AI, which provides information about unlabeled live cells with high specificity. Our imaging system allows for automatic training, while inference is built into the acquisition software and runs in real-time. Applying the computed fluorescence maps back to the quantitative phase imaging (QPI) data, we measured the growth of both nuclei and cytoplasm independently, over many days, without loss of viability. Using a QPI method that suppresses multiple scattering, we measured the dry mass content of individual cell nuclei within spheroids. In its current implementation, PICS offers a versatile quantitative technique for continuous simultaneous monitoring of individual cellular components in biological applications where long-term label-free imaging is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail E Kandel
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yuchen R He
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Young Jae Lee
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Taylor Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Onur Aydin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - M Taher A Saif
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nahil Sobh
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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35
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Bayguinov PO, Fisher MR, Fitzpatrick JAJ. Assaying three-dimensional cellular architecture using X-ray tomographic and correlated imaging approaches. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15782-15793. [PMID: 32938716 PMCID: PMC7667966 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.009633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of our understanding of the spatial organization of and interactions between cellular organelles and macromolecular complexes has been the result of imaging studies utilizing either light- or electron-based microscopic analyses. These classical approaches, while insightful, are nonetheless limited either by restrictions in resolution or by the sheer complexity of generating multidimensional data. Recent advances in the use and application of X-rays to acquire micro- and nanotomographic data sets offer an alternative methodology to visualize cellular architecture at the nanoscale. These new approaches allow for the subcellular analyses of unstained vitrified cells and three-dimensional localization of specific protein targets and have served as an essential tool in bridging light and electron correlative microscopy experiments. Here, we review the theory, instrumentation details, acquisition principles, and applications of both soft X-ray tomography and X-ray microscopy and how the use of these techniques offers a succinct means of analyzing three-dimensional cellular architecture. We discuss some of the recent work that has taken advantage of these approaches and detail how they have become integral in correlative microscopy workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter O Bayguinov
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Max R Fisher
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
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36
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Mizuguchi T, Nuriya M. Applications of second harmonic generation (SHG)/sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging for biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4. [PMID: 33108561 PMCID: PMC7755958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer of < 10 nm width that separates intra- and extra-cellular environments and serves as the site of cell-cell communication, as well as communication between cells and the extracellular environment. As such, biophysical phenomena at and around the plasma membrane play key roles in determining cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Thus, the selective visualization and characterization of the plasma membrane are crucial aspects of research in wide areas of biology and medicine. However, the specific characterization of the plasma membrane has been a challenge using conventional imaging techniques, which are unable to effectively distinguish between signals arising from the plasma membrane and those from intracellular lipid structures. In this regard, interface-specific second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging demonstrate great potential. When combined with exogenous SHG/SFG active dyes, SHG/SFG can specifically highlight the plasma membrane as the most prominent interface associated with cells. Furthermore, SHG/SFG imaging can be readily extended to multimodal multiphoton microscopy with simultaneous occurrence of other multiphoton phenomena, including multiphoton excitation and coherent Raman scattering, which shed light on the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane from different perspectives. Here, we review traditional and current applications, as well as the prospects of long-known but unexplored SHG/SFG imaging techniques in biophysics, with special focus on their use in the biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
- Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
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Endoscopic Optical Imaging Technologies and Devices for Medical Purposes: State of the Art. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The growth and development of optical components and, in particular, the miniaturization of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMSs), has motivated and enabled researchers to design smaller and smaller endoscopes. The overarching goal of this work has been to image smaller previously inaccessible luminal organs in real time, at high resolution, in a minimally invasive manner that does not compromise the comfort of the subject, nor introduce additional risk. Thus, an initial diagnosis can be made, or a small precancerous lesion may be detected, in a small-diameter luminal organ that would not have otherwise been possible. Continuous advancement in the field has enabled a wide range of optical scanners. Different scanning techniques, working principles, and the applications of endoscopic scanners are summarized in this review.
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Moshkina TN, Le Poul P, Barsella A, Pytela O, Bureš F, Robin‐Le Guen F, Achelle S, Nosova EV, Lipunova GN, Charushin VN. Electron‐Withdrawing Substituted Quinazoline Push‐Pull Chromophores: Synthesis, Electrochemical, Photophysical and Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Properties. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N. Moshkina
- Univ. Rennes CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Ural Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Pascal Le Poul
- Univ. Rennes CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Alberto Barsella
- Département d'Optique Ultrarapide et Nanophotonique, IPCMS, UMR CNRS 7504 Université de Strasbourg 23 rue de Loess BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Oldřich Pytela
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studenská 573 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studenská 573 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | | | - Sylvain Achelle
- Univ. Rennes CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Emiliya V. Nosova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Ural Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Galina N. Lipunova
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Ural Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
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Hu C, Field JJ, Kelkar V, Chiang B, Wernsing K, Toussaint KC, Bartels RA, Popescu G. Harmonic optical tomography of nonlinear structures. NATURE PHOTONICS 2020; 14:564-569. [PMID: 34367322 PMCID: PMC8341385 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-020-0638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation microscopy is a valuable label-free modality for imaging non-centrosymmetric structures and has important biomedical applications from live-cell imaging to cancer diagnosis. Conventional second-harmonic generation microscopy measures intensity signals that originate from tightly focused laser beams, preventing researchers from solving the scattering inverse problem for second-order nonlinear materials. Here, we present harmonic optical tomography (HOT) as a novel modality for imaging microscopic, nonlinear and inhomogeneous objects. The HOT principle of operation relies on inter-ferometrically measuring the complex harmonic field and using a scattering inverse model to reconstruct the three-dimensional distribution of harmonophores. HOT enables strong axial sectioning via the momentum conservation of spatially and temporally broadband fields. We illustrate the HOT operation with experiments and reconstructions on a beta-barium borate crystal and various biological specimens. Although our results involve second-order nonlinear materials, we show that this approach applies to any coherent nonlinear process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Chenfei Hu, Jeffrey J. Field
| | - Jeffrey J Field
- Microscope Imaging Network Core Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Chenfei Hu, Jeffrey J. Field
| | - Varun Kelkar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Benny Chiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Keith Wernsing
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Randy A Bartels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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40
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Prévot G, Bsaibess T, Daniel J, Genevois C, Clermont G, Sasaki I, Marais S, Couillaud F, Crauste-Manciet S, Blanchard-Desce M. Multimodal optical contrast agents as new tools for monitoring and tuning nanoemulsion internalisation into cancer cells. From live cell imaging to in vivo imaging of tumours. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1590-1602. [PMID: 36132308 PMCID: PMC9416932 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00710e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tailor-made NIR emitting dyes were designed as multimodal optical probes. These asymmetric amphiphilic compounds show combined intense absorption in the visible region, NIR fluorescence emission, high two-photon absorption in the NIR (with the maximum located around 1000 nm) as well as large Stokes' shift values and second-harmonic generation ability. Thanks to their structure, high loading into nanoemulsions (NEs) could be achieved leading to very high one- and two-photon brightness. These dyes were demonstrated to act as multimodal contrast agents able to generate different optical modalities of interest for bioimaging. Indeed, the uptake and carrier behaviour of the dye-loaded NEs into cancer cells could be monitored by simultaneous two-photon fluorescence and second-harmonic generation optical imaging. Multimodal imaging provided deep insight into the mechanism and kinetics of dye internalisation. Quite interestingly, the nature of the dyes was also found to influence both the kinetics of endocytosis and the internalisation pathways in glioblastoma cancer cells. By modulating the charge distribution within the dyes, the NEs can be tuned to escape lysosomes and enter the mitochondria. Moreover, surface functionalization with PEG macromolecules was realized to yield stealth NIRF-NEs which could be used for in vivo NIRF imaging of subcutaneous tumours in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Prévot
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, Team ChemBioPharm, U1212 INSERM - UMR 5320 CNRS 146 Rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Talia Bsaibess
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Jonathan Daniel
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- Univ. Bordeaux, Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies (IMOTION), EA7435 Bordeaux 33000 France
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Isabelle Sasaki
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Sebastien Marais
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS - Univ. Bordeaux, US4 Inserm 33000 Bordeaux France
| | - Franck Couillaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies (IMOTION), EA7435 Bordeaux 33000 France
| | - Sylvie Crauste-Manciet
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, Team ChemBioPharm, U1212 INSERM - UMR 5320 CNRS 146 Rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital Bordeaux France
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41
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Bouquiaux C, Tonnelé C, Castet F, Champagne B. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of an Amphiphilic Dye Embedded in a Lipid Bilayer. A Combined Molecular Dynamics–Quantum Chemistry Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2101-2109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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42
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Kong C, Pilger C, Hachmeister H, Wei X, Cheung TH, Lai CSW, Lee NP, Tsia KK, Wong KKY, Huser T. High-contrast, fast chemical imaging by coherent Raman scattering using a self-synchronized two-colour fibre laser. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:25. [PMID: 32133128 PMCID: PMC7039946 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) microscopy is widely recognized as a powerful tool for tackling biomedical problems based on its chemically specific label-free contrast, high spatial and spectral resolution, and high sensitivity. However, the clinical translation of CRS imaging technologies has long been hindered by traditional solid-state lasers with environmentally sensitive operations and large footprints. Ultrafast fibre lasers can potentially overcome these shortcomings but have not yet been fully exploited for CRS imaging, as previous implementations have suffered from high intensity noise, a narrow tuning range and low power, resulting in low image qualities and slow imaging speeds. Here, we present a novel high-power self-synchronized two-colour pulsed fibre laser that achieves excellent performance in terms of intensity stability (improved by 50 dB), timing jitter (24.3 fs), average power fluctuation (<0.5%), modulation depth (>20 dB) and pulse width variation (<1.8%) over an extended wavenumber range (2700-3550 cm-1). The versatility of the laser source enables, for the first time, high-contrast, fast CRS imaging without complicated noise reduction via balanced detection schemes. These capabilities are demonstrated in this work by imaging a wide range of species such as living human cells and mouse arterial tissues and performing multimodal nonlinear imaging of mouse tail, kidney and brain tissue sections by utilizing second-harmonic generation and two-photon excited fluorescence, which provides multiple optical contrast mechanisms simultaneously and maximizes the gathered information content for biological visualization and medical diagnosis. This work also establishes a general scenario for remodelling existing lasers into synchronized two-colour lasers and thus promotes a wider popularization and application of CRS imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihang Kong
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- Biomolecular Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr, 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Pilger
- Biomolecular Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr, 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Henning Hachmeister
- Biomolecular Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr, 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Xiaoming Wei
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- Present Address: Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - Tom H. Cheung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cora S. W. Lai
- Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nikki P. Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin. K. Tsia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth K. Y. Wong
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Huser
- Biomolecular Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr, 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Huang L, Zhou X, Liu Q, MacAulay CE, Tang S. Miniaturized multimodal multiphoton microscope for simultaneous two-photon and three-photon imaging with a dual-wavelength Er-doped fiber laser. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:624-635. [PMID: 32133217 PMCID: PMC7041471 DOI: 10.1364/boe.381473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A multimodal multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is developed to acquire both two-photon microscopy (2PM) and three-photon microscopy (3PM) signals. A dual-wavelength Er-doped fiber laser is used as the light source, which provides the fundamental pulse at 1580 nm to excite third harmonic generation (THG) and the frequency-doubled pulse at 790 nm to excite intrinsic two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). Due to their different contrast mechanisms, the TPEF, SHG, and THG images can acquire complementary information about tissues, including cells, collagen fibers, lipids, and interfaces, all label-free. The compact MPM imaging probe is developed using miniature objective lens and a micro-electro-mechanical scanner. Furthermore, the femtosecond laser pulses are delivered by a single mode fiber and the signals are collected by a multimode fiber, which makes the miniaturized MPM directly fiber-coupled, compact, and portable. Design considerations on using the dual excitation wavelengths are discussed. Multimodal and label-free imaging by TPEF, SHG, and THG are demonstrated on biological samples. The miniaturized multimodal MPM is shown to have great potential for label-free imaging of thick and live tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Qihao Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Calum E. MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Deoartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6 T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shuo Tang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6 T 1Z4, Canada
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44
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Lescos L, Sitkiewicz SP, Beaujean P, Blanchard-Desce M, Champagne B, Matito E, Castet F. Performance of DFT functionals for calculating the second-order nonlinear optical properties of dipolar merocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:16579-16594. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of the static HRS hyperpolarizability of a tricyanopropylidene-based merocyanine dye with the length of the polyenic bridge, as calculated using various ab initio and DFT approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Lescos
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | - Sebastian P. Sitkiewicz
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20018 Donostia
- Spain
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
| | - Pierre Beaujean
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter
- University of Namur
- Belgium
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter
- University of Namur
- Belgium
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20018 Donostia
- Spain
- Ikerbasque Foundation for Science
- 48011 Bilbao
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
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45
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Momotake A, Mizuguchi T, Hishida M, Yamamoto Y, Yasui M, Nuriya M. Monitoring the morphological evolution of giant vesicles by azo dye-based sum-frequency generation (SFG) microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110716. [PMID: 31865122 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, dye-based sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging using sodium 4-[4-(dibutylamino)phenylazo]benzenesulfonate (butyl orange, BO) as a new non-fluorescent specific azo dye is employed to monitor the morphological evolution of giant vesicles (GVs). After loading BO to the membrane of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) single-component GVs, the outermost membranes were clearly visualized using SFG microscopy, which provided images of the distinct outer and inner faces of the lipid bilayers. In addition, SFG-active vesicles were detected also inside the GVs, depending on the dye concentrations. The dye-based SFG imaging technique provided experimental evidence that these oligolamellar vesicles containing an SFG-active interior had been formed after BO loading. The formation process of the oligolamellar vesicles with inner SFG-active vesicles was successfully monitored, and their formation mechanism was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuya Momotake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Mafumi Hishida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
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46
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Saliani A, Zaimi A, Nami H, Duval T, Stikov N, Cohen-Adad J. Construction of a rat spinal cord atlas of axon morphometry. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116156. [PMID: 31491525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atlases of the central nervous system are essential for understanding the pathophysiology of neurological diseases, which remains one of the greatest challenges in neuroscience research today. These atlases provide insight into the underlying white matter microstructure and have been created from a variety of animal models, including rats. Although existing atlases of the rat spinal cord provide some details of axon microstructure, there is currently no histological dataset that quantifies axon morphometry exhaustively in the entire spinal cord. In this study, we created the first comprehensive rat spinal cord atlas of the white matter microstructure with quantifiable axon and myelin morphometrics. Using full-slice scanning electron microscopy images and state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms, we generated an atlas of microstructural metrics such as axon diameter, axonal density and g-ratio. After registering the Watson spinal cord white matter atlas to our template, we computed statistics across metrics, spinal levels and tracts. We notably found that g-ratio is relatively constant, whereas axon diameter showed the greatest variation. The atlas, data and full analysis code are freely available at: https://github.com/neuropoly/atlas-rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Saliani
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Aldo Zaimi
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Harris Nami
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tanguy Duval
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nikola Stikov
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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47
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Kandel ME, Hu C, Naseri Kouzehgarani G, Min E, Sullivan KM, Kong H, Li JM, Robson DN, Gillette MU, Best-Popescu C, Popescu G. Epi-illumination gradient light interference microscopy for imaging opaque structures. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4691. [PMID: 31619681 PMCID: PMC6795907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple scattering and absorption limit the depth at which biological tissues can be imaged with light. In thick unlabeled specimens, multiple scattering randomizes the phase of the field and absorption attenuates light that travels long optical paths. These obstacles limit the performance of transmission imaging. To mitigate these challenges, we developed an epi-illumination gradient light interference microscope (epi-GLIM) as a label-free phase imaging modality applicable to bulk or opaque samples. Epi-GLIM enables studying turbid structures that are hundreds of microns thick and otherwise opaque to transmitted light. We demonstrate this approach with a variety of man-made and biological samples that are incompatible with imaging in a transmission geometry: semiconductors wafers, specimens on opaque and birefringent substrates, cells in microplates, and bulk tissues. We demonstrate that the epi-GLIM data can be used to solve the inverse scattering problem and reconstruct the tomography of single cells and model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail E Kandel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chenfei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ghazal Naseri Kouzehgarani
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Eunjung Min
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Car R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer M Li
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Drew N Robson
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martha U Gillette
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine Best-Popescu
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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48
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Lim H. Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:99. [PMID: 31649934 PMCID: PMC6794408 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical harmonic generation, e.g., second- (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG), provides intrinsic contrasts for three-dimensional intravital microscopy. Contrary to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), however, they have found relatively specialized applications, such as imaging collagenous and non-specific tissues, respectively. Here we review recent advances that broaden the capacity of SHG and THG for imaging the central nervous system in particular. The fundamental contrast mechanisms are reviewed as they encode novel information including molecular origin, spectroscopy, functional probes, and image analysis, which lay foundations for promising future applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsik Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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49
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Didier MEP, Macias-Romero C, Teulon C, Jourdain P, Roke S. Mapping of real-time morphological changes in the neuronal cytoskeleton with label-free wide-field second-harmonic imaging: a case study of nocodazole. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:045006. [PMID: 31720311 PMCID: PMC6835049 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.045006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of wide-field high-throughput second-harmonic (SH) microscopy for investigating cytoskeletal morphological changes on the single-cell level. The method allows for real-time, in vitro, label-free measurements of cytoskeletal changes that can, under certain conditions, be quantified in terms of orientational distribution or in terms of changes in the number of microtubules. As SH generation is intrinsically sensitive to noncentrosymmetrically structured microtubules, but not to isotropic or centrosymmetric materials, we use it to probe the microtubule structure in the cytoskeleton when it undergoes dynamic changes induced by the application of nocodazole, a well-known microtubule-destabilizing drug that reversibly depolymerizes microtubules. In addition, the orientational directionality of microtubules in neurites and cell bodies is determined label-free using SH polarimetry measurements. Finally, we use spatiotemporal SH imaging to show label-free, real-time nocodazole-induced morphological changes in neurons of different age and in a single axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E. P. Didier
- Institute of Bioengineering, and Institute of Materials Science, School of Engineering, and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Macias-Romero
- Institute of Bioengineering, and Institute of Materials Science, School of Engineering, and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Teulon
- Institute of Bioengineering, and Institute of Materials Science, School of Engineering, and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Jourdain
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Cellular Dynamics, CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Roke
- Institute of Bioengineering, and Institute of Materials Science, School of Engineering, and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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50
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Talari ACS, Rehman S, Rehman IU. Advancing cancer diagnostics with artificial intelligence and spectroscopy: identifying chemical changes associated with breast cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:929-940. [PMID: 31461624 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1659727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) approaches in combination with Raman spectroscopy (RS) to obtain accurate medical diagnosis and decision-making is a way forward for understanding not only the chemical pathway to the progression of disease, but also for tailor-made personalized medicine. These processes remove unwanted affects in the spectra such as noise, fluorescence and normalization, and help in the optimization of spectral data by employing chemometrics. Methods: In this study, breast cancer tissues have been analyzed by RS in conjunction with principal component (PCA) and linear discriminate (LDA) analyses. Tissue microarray (TMA) breast biopsies were investigated using RS and chemometric methods and classified breast biopsies into luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple negative subtypes. Results: Supervised and unsupervised algorithms were applied on biopsy data to explore intra and inter data set biochemical changes associated with lipids, collagen, and nucleic acid content. LDA predicted specificity accuracy of luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple negative subtypes were 70%, 100%, 90%, and 96.7%, respectively. Conclusion: It is envisaged that a combination of RS with AI and ML may create a precise and accurate real-time methodology for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shazza Rehman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Airedale NHS Foundation Trust, Airedale General Hospital , Steeton , UK
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