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Molina Romero M, Yoldi Chaure A, Gañán Parra M, Navas Bastida P, del Pico Sánchez JL, Vaquero Argüelles Á, de la Fuente Vaquero P, Ramírez López JP, Castilla Alcalá JA. Probability of high-risk genetic matching with oocyte and semen donors: complete gene analysis or genotyping test? J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:341-355. [PMID: 35091964 PMCID: PMC8956772 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the probability of high-risk genetic matching when assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are applied with double gamete donation, following an NGS carrier test based on a complete study of the genes concerned. We then determine the results that would have been obtained if the genotyping tests most widely used in Spanish gamete banks had been applied. METHODS In this descriptive observational study, 1818 gamete donors were characterised by NGS. The pathogenic variants detected were analysed to estimate the probability of high-risk genetic matching and to determine the results that would have been obtained if the three most commonly used genotyping tests in ART had been applied. RESULTS The probability of high-risk genetic matching with gamete donation, screened by NGS and complete gene analysis, was 5.5%, versus the 0.6-2.7% that would have been obtained with the genotyping test. A total of 1741 variants were detected, including 607 different variants, of which only 22.6% would have been detected by all three genotyping tests considered and 44.7% of which would not have been detected by any of these tests. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the considerable heterogeneity of the genotyping tests, which present significant differences in their ability to detect pathogenic variants. The complete study of the genes by NGS considerably reduces reproductive risks when genetic matching is performed with gamete donors. Accordingly, we recommend that carrier screening in gamete donors be carried out using NGS and a complete study with nontargeted analysis of the variants of the screened genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Molina Romero
- CEIFER Biobanco - NextClinics, Calle Maestro Bretón, 1, 18004 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Antonio Castilla Alcalá
- CEIFER Biobanco - NextClinics, Calle Maestro Bretón, 1, 18004 Granada, Spain ,U. Reproducción, UGC Obstetricia y Ginecología, HU Virgen de Las Nieves, Granada, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
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Zheng Z, Yuan G, Zheng M, Lin Y, Zheng F, Jiang M, Zhu L, Fu Q. Clinical, biochemical, and genetic analysis of a Chinese Han pedigree with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:155. [PMID: 32727382 PMCID: PMC7388215 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) deficiency is a rare inborn disorder of biotin metabolism, which results in defects in several biotin-dependent carboxylases and presents with metabolic ketoacidosis and skin lesions. CASE PRESENTATION In this paper, we report a Chinese Han pedigree with HLCS deficiency diagnosed by using next-generation sequencing and validated with Sanger sequencing of the HLCS and BTD genes. The Chinese proband carries the common missense mutation c.1522C > T (p.Arg508Trp) in exon 9 of the HLCS gene, which generates an increased Km value for biotin. A novel frameshift mutation c.1006_1007delGA (p.Glu336Thrfs*15) in exon 6 of the HLCS gene is predicted to be deleterious through PROVEAN and MutationTaster. A novel heterozygous mutation, c.638_642delAACAC (p.His213Profs*4), in the BTD gene is also identified. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese proband carries the reported Arg508Trp variant, the novel 2-bp frameshift mutation c.1006_1007delGA (p.Glu336Thrfs*15), which expands the mutational spectrum of the HLCS gene, and the novel heterozygous mutation c.638_642delAACAC (p.His213Profs*4), which expands the mutational spectrum of the BTD gene. Furthermore, reversible hearing damage is rarely reported in patients with HLCS deficiency, which deserves further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Zheng
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Gaopin Yuan
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Minyan Zheng
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yiming Lin
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Faming Zheng
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Mengyi Jiang
- Genuine Diagnostics Company Limited, 859 Shixiang West Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Genuine Diagnostics Company Limited, 859 Shixiang West Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Qingliu Fu
- Neonatal disease screening center, Quanzhou Children's Hospital, 700 Fengze Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
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Bandaralage SPS, Farnaghi S, Dulhunty JM, Kothari A. Antenatal and postnatal radiologic diagnosis of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency: a systematic review. Pediatr Radiol 2016; 46:357-64. [PMID: 26754537 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-015-3492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency results in impaired activation of enzymes implicated in glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Antenatal imaging and postnatal imaging are useful in making the diagnosis. Untreated holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency is fatal, while antenatal and postnatal biotin supplementation is associated with good clinical outcomes. Although biochemical assays are required for definitive diagnosis, certain radiologic features assist in the diagnosis of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. OBJECTIVE To review evidence regarding radiologic diagnostic features of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in the antenatal and postnatal period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of all published cases of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency identified by a search of Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science. RESULTS A total of 75 patients with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency were identified from the systematic review, which screened 687 manuscripts. Most patients with imaging (19/22, 86%) had abnormal findings, the most common being subependymal cysts, ventriculomegaly and intraventricular hemorrhage. CONCLUSION Although the radiologic features of subependymal cysts, ventriculomegaly, intraventricular hemorrhage and intrauterine growth restriction may be found in the setting of other pathologies, these findings should prompt consideration of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in at-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahan P Semasinghe Bandaralage
- Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Soheil Farnaghi
- Caboolture Hospital, Caboolture, Queensland, 4510, Australia
| | - Joel M Dulhunty
- Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, 4020, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Alka Kothari
- Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, 4020, Australia. .,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
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Inherited metabolic diseases in the Southern Chinese population: spectrum of diseases and estimated incidence from recurrent mutations. Pathology 2015; 46:375-82. [PMID: 24992243 DOI: 10.1097/pat.0000000000000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) are a large group of rare genetic diseases. The spectrum and incidences of IMDs differ among populations, which has been well characterised in Caucasians but much less so in Chinese. In a setting of a University Hospital Metabolic Clinic in Hong Kong, over 100 patients with IMDs have been seen during a period of 13 years (from 1997 to 2010). The data were used to define the spectrum of diseases in the Southern Chinese population. Comparison with other populations revealed a unique spectrum of common IMDs. Furthermore, the incidence of the common IMDs was estimated by using population carrier frequencies of known recurrent mutations. Locally common diseases (their estimated incidence) include (1) glutaric aciduria type 1 (∼1/60,000), (2) multiple carboxylase deficiency (∼1/60,000), (3) primary carnitine deficiency (∼1/60,000), (4) carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency (∼1/60,000), (5) glutaric aciduria type 2 (∼1/22,500), (6) citrin deficiency (∼1/17,000), (7) tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient hyperphenylalaninaemia due to 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (∼1/60,000), (8) glycogen storage disease type 1 (∼1/150,000). In addition, ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy are common X-linked diseases. Findings of the disease spectrum and treatment outcome are summarised here which may be useful for clinical practice. In addition, data will also be useful for policy makers in planning of newborn screening programs and resource allocation.
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Xia YY, Ding YB, Liu XQ, Chen XM, Cheng SQ, Li LB, Ma MF, He JL, Wang YX. Allelic methylation status of CpG islands on chromosome 21q in patients with Trisomy 21. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1681-8. [PMID: 24573226 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21 is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome. There has been limited research into the DNA methylation status of CpG islands (CGIs) in trisomy 21, therefore, exploring the DNA methylation status of CGIs in 21q is essential for the development of a series of potential epigenetic biomarkers for prenatal screening of trisomy 21. First, DNA sequences of CGIs in 21q from the USCS database were obtained and 149 sequences and 148 pairs of primers in the BGI YH database were aligned. All 300 cases were analyzed by a heavy methyl-polymerase chain reaction (HM-PCR) assay and a comparison of the DNA methylation status of CGIs was made between trisomy 21 and the control. The HM-PCR assay results did not show a difference in the DNA methylation status between individuals with trisomy 21 and the control. In total, there were 11 CGIs that showed various DNA methylation statuses between Japanese and Chinese patients. Subsequently, bisulfite genomic sequencing found variations in the methylation status of CpG dinucleotides in CGIs (nos. 14, 75, 109, 134 and 146) between trisomy 21 and the control. The different DNA methylation status of CpG dinucleotides in CGIs may be a potential epigenetic marker for diagnosing trisomy 21. No difference was identified in the DNA methylation status of 21q CGIs among Chinese individuals with trisomy 21 and the control. The homogeneity of the DNA methylation status of 21q CGIs in Chinese patients indicates that DNA methylation is likely to be an epigenetic marker distinguishing ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yin Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Bing Ding
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Qing Liu
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Qun Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Bing Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Institute for Science and Technology Research of Chongqing Population and Family Planning, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Fu Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Institute for Science and Technology Research of Chongqing Population and Family Planning, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Lin He
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Hui J, Law E, Chung C, Fung S, Yuen P, Tang N. The first reported HLCS gene mutation causing holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in a Vietnamese patient. World J Pediatr 2012; 8:278-80. [PMID: 21874615 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-011-0301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency is an inborn error of biotin metabolism leading to multiple carboxylase deficiency which is often biotin responsive. This disease is believed to be relatively common among the Asian population. METHODS A 6-year-old Vietnamese boy presented with recurrent episodes of severe metabolic acidosis precipitated by intercurrent illnesses. An extensive skin rash was present since the onset of his illness. Multiple carboxylase deficiency was considered a likely diagnosis based on the history and the characteristic skin rash. RESULTS This diagnosis was later confirmed by urine organic acid and molecular genetic studies. Urine organic acid showed characteristic excretion of glycine conjugates. Serum biotinidase activity was normal. Sequencing of the holocarboxylase synthetase gene revealed the patient being homozygous for a common mutation R508W. The patient showed a dramatic response to biotin within days of its administration. CONCLUSION This case illustrates a potential highly treatable inborn error of metabolism that can be recognized on clinical grounds and its favorable response to biotin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joannie Hui
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
Defects in biotin metabolism are mainly associated with either the enzyme Biotinidase or Holocarboxylase synthetase. Defects in either enzymes depletes biotin utilization by the cells. Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to use the vitamin biotin effectively. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. We present a case of a 9 year old girl with atypical symptomology as a case holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, who demonstrated an increased excretion of propionic and methyl malonic acids, with her biotinidase activity being normal. She demonstrated remarkable improvement on biotin supplementation.
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Van Hove JLK, Josefsberg S, Freehauf C, Thomas JA, Thuy LP, Barshop BA, Woontner M, Mock DM, Chiang PW, Spector E, Meneses-Morales I, Cervantes-Roldán R, León-Del-Río A. Management of a patient with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 95:201-5. [PMID: 18974016 PMCID: PMC2630166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated in a patient with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, the relation between the biochemical and genetic factors of the mutant protein with the pharmacokinetic factors of successful biotin treatment. A girl exhibited abnormal skin at birth, and developed in the first days of life neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and metabolic abnormalities diagnostic of multiple carboxylase deficiency. Enzyme assays showed low carboxylase activities. Fibroblast analysis showed poor incorporation of biotin into the carboxylases, and low transfer of biotin by the holocarboxylase synthetase enzyme. Kinetic studies identified an increased Km but a preserved Vmax. Mutation analysis showed the child to be a compound heterozygote for a new nonsense mutation Q379X and for a novel missense mutation Y663H. This mutation affects a conserved amino acid, which is located the most 3' of all recorded missense mutations thus far described, and extends the region of functional biotin interaction. Treatment with biotin 100mg/day gradually improved the biochemical abnormalities in blood and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), corrected the carboxylase enzyme activities, and provided clinical stability and a normal neurodevelopmental outcome. Plasma concentrations of biotin were increased to more than 500 nM, thus exceeding the increased Km of the mutant enzyme. At these pharmacological concentrations, the CSF biotin concentration was half the concentration in blood. Measuring these pharmacokinetic variables can aid in optimizing treatment, as individual tailoring of dosing to the needs of the mutation may be required.
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Malvagia S, Morrone A, Pasquini E, Funghini S, la Marca G, Zammarchi E, Donati MA. First prenatal molecular diagnosis in a family with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. Prenat Diagn 2007; 25:1117-9. [PMID: 16231399 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We report on the first prenatal molecular diagnosis of holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) deficiency in the fourth pregnancy of an at-risk family. This disorder is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism, leading to a multiple carboxylase defect (MCD). HLCSD diagnosis was performed postmortem in the proband on DNA from autoptic biological material. Molecular analysis of the proband's entire HLCS gene by direct sequencing identified the R508W amino acid change, at the homozygous status. METHODS Fetal DNA was isolated from chorionic villus sampling at 11 weeks of gestation. Direct sequencing of exon 6 of the fetal HLCS gene was performed. RESULTS The R508W mutation was identified in the fetal DNA at the homozygous level. The genetic lesion was confirmed on abortive tissue. CONCLUSION Molecular diagnosis has several advantages over enzymatic activity assay of carboxylases in chorionic villi or amniocytes. It can be performed earlier, is faster, and the response time is shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Malvagia
- Metabolic and Muscular Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Suzuki Y, Yang X, Aoki Y, Kure S, Matsubara Y. Mutations in the holocarboxylase synthetase gene HLCS. Hum Mutat 2006; 26:285-90. [PMID: 16134170 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder. HLCS is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases and histones. Since the first report of the cDNA sequence, 30 mutations in the HLCS gene have been reported. Mutations occur throughout the entire coding region except exons 6 and 10. The types of mutations are one single amino acid deletion, five single nucleotide insertions/deletions, 22 missense mutations, and two nonsense mutations. The only intronic mutation identified thus far is c.1519+5G>A (also designated IVS10+5G>A), which causes a splice error. Several lines of evidence suggest that c.1519+5G>A is a founder mutation in Scandinavian patients. Prevalence of this mutation is about 10 times higher in the Faroe Islands than in the rest of the world. The mutations p.L237P and c.780delG are predominant only in Japanese patients. These are probably founder mutations in this population. Mutations p.R508W and p.V550M are identified in several ethic groups and accompanied with various haplotypes, suggesting that these are recurrent mutations. There is a good relationship between clinical biotin responsiveness and the residual activity of HLCS. A combination of a null mutation and a point mutation that shows less than a few percent of the normal activity results in neonatal onset. Patients who have mutant HLCS with higher residual activity develop symptom after the neonatal period and show a good clinical response to biotin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Suzuki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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