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Spirito F, Amato A, Scelza G, Pisano M, Caponio VCA, Martina S. Education during the COVID-19 pandemic: the perception of Italian dental and medical students. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022; 71:277-286. [PMID: 35912540 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.22.04712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During COVID-19 pandemic many dental and medical students continued their education from home. From several studies it emerges that students prefer face-to-face teaching, due to the better interaction with teachers, the least number of distractions and due to the negative effect of social isolation on the psychological aspect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of Italian dentistry and medicine students about teaching and training in this scenario. METHODS Two online questionnaires were sent to medical and dental students of all Italian universities to investigate the limits and advantages of distance learning and the experience regarding the internship. A chi-square test was used to assess the association between gender, year of the course and region of residence (P<0.05). RESULTS One thousand one hundred thirty-eight students answered the first survey, and 292 the second one. Most students preferred face-to-face teaching due to the difficult to maintain attention during online lessons. Many students reported that the online internship was not adequate for their education. CONCLUSIONS Distance learning disadvantages are the greater number of sources of distraction, low level of interaction, and absence of the relationship with the patient during the practical training. Furthermore, isolation has strongly affected psychosocial balance of the students. The advantages are the greater comfort, the reduction of transport costs, the decrease in pollution, and the possibility of reviewing the lessons. Most Italian students considered appropriate to provide distance learning during the pandemic but believed that the best teaching method was teaching in presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy -
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scelza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Massimo Pisano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vito C A Caponio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefano Martina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
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Di Spirito F, Scelza G, Fornara R, Giordano F, Rosa D, Amato A. Post-Operative Endodontic Pain Management: An Overview of Systematic Reviews on Post-Operatively Administered Oral Medications and Integrated Evidence-Based Clinical Recommendations. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050760. [PMID: 35627897 PMCID: PMC9141195 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endodontic treatment comprises the overall management of pre-, intra- and post-operative symptoms, including post-operative endodontic pain, considered as a complication susceptible of chronicization. Post-operative pain is very common and highly unpreventable and has a multi-factorial etiology and a potential pathogenic link to the acute inflammation of the periapical area, secondary to localized chemical, mechanical, host and/or microbial damage occurring during endodontic treatment. Considering the multitude of heterogeneous technical and pharmacological approaches proposed to control post-operative endodontic pain, the present study primarily comprised an overview of systematic reviews of systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials, summarizing findings on post-operatively administered oral medications for post-operative endodontic pain control, in order to note the most effective type and dosage of such drugs. Secondarily, a narrative review of the current evidence on technical solutions to be observed during endodontic treatment procedures, to control post-operative pain, was conducted to provide integrated evidence-based clinical recommendations for optimal post-operative endodontic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (G.S.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Giuseppe Scelza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (G.S.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Francesco Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (G.S.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Donato Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (G.S.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (G.S.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (A.A.)
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Basilicata P, Pieri M, Simonelli A, Capasso E, Casella C, Noto T, Policino F, Di Lorenzo P. Diquat Poisoning: Care Management and Medico-Legal Implications. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040166. [PMID: 35448427 PMCID: PMC9030962 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute chemical intoxication represents one of the major causes of Emergency Room admittance, and possible errors in diagnosis are extremely frequent, especially when patients present generic and non-specific symptoms. Diquat, a bipyridyl class of herbicides, exerts high intrinsic toxicity as a consequence of free oxygen radicals, leading to cellular death and organ dysfunctions. Following ingestion, with the major source of absorption for suicidal purposes, the chemical induces local irritating effects; systemic symptoms appear later, while specific symptoms can occur in the following 48 h. A smoker and hypertensive 50-year-old man arrives at the E.R., reporting that an episode of herbicide inhalation occurred few hours earlier. Physical examination evidenced alkalosis with hypoxemia, leucocytosis, mild hyperglycaemia and moderate increase in creatine kinase and myoglobin. Despite blood creatine kinase and myoglobin values that were higher than normal, he was prescribed with hydration and anti-pain therapy. During the night, the man left the hospital; he returned the next morning at 8:45 a.m., with cardiorespiratory arrest, medium fixed non-reactive mydriasis, diffused cyanosis of the skin and of the mucous membranes, as well as imperceptible pulse and peripheral pressure. Despite resuscitation attempts, the patient died at 9:30 a.m.; the body was immediately transferred to the morgue. Autopsy and toxicological analyses were carried out nine days later, evidencing paraquat ingestion for suicidal purposes. GC/MS analyses to verify the presence of diquat were performed on body fluids and gastric and colon contents; all specimens resulted positive, thus confirming the cause of death as herbicide ingestion (blood diquat concentration of 1.2 mg/L; more than twice the minimum to observe a systemic poisoning). The procedure followed for patient management resulted to be not in line with the provisions of both guidelines and good clinical practices. Staff did not perform clinical-diagnostical monitoring of the patient’s condition or ask for more specific analyses (i.e., serum creatine phosphokinase monitoring). This misconduct led to a decrease in the patient’s chances to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Basilicata
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Maria Pieri
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Angela Simonelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817463474; Fax: +39-0817464726
| | - Emanuele Capasso
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Claudia Casella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Tina Noto
- Department of Forensic and Forensic Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Fabio Policino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Pierpaolo Di Lorenzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science-Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (P.D.L.)
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Di Lorenzo P, Casella C, Capasso E, Delbon P, Fedeli P, Policino F, Niola M. Aesthetic Dental Procedures: Legal and Medico-legal Implications. Open Med (Wars) 2018; 13:96-100. [PMID: 29666842 PMCID: PMC5900416 DOI: 10.1515/med-2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental treatments, as well as simple anatomical and functional repair work, can also be for aesthetic purposes. This is because the anatomical area concerned, i.e. the oral cavity, has a great power of attraction. Aesthetic treatments in general - in particular dental treatments - have been on the rise in recent years, and this has also meant an increase in claims due to patient dissatisfaction with the results obtained. Numerous laws have been introduced that emphasise the need for comprehensive prior information in order to acquire valid consent. This has resulted in the elimination of the distinction between the obligation of means and obligation of result, with achievement of the normally expected result required in any case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Di Lorenzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples, Section of Legal Medicine Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Casella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy.,University of Naples "Federico II". Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Capasso
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy.,University of Naples "Federico II". Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Delbon
- Department of Surgery, Radiology and Public Health, Public Health and Humanities Section, University of Brescia - Centre of Bioethics Research (with the contribution of IRCCS "S.Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli"), Italy. P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Fedeli
- Jurisprudence School, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accorso 16, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Fabio Policino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy.,University of Naples "Federico II". Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Niola
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy.,University of Naples "Federico II". Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Evaluation of cyclic fatigue resistance of modern Nickel–Titanium rotary instruments with continuous rotation. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Roberto LG, Francesco P, Carmine V, Marco M, Angela A, Angelo L. Bulk vs wedge shape layering techniques in V class cavities: marginal infiltration evaluation. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Iandolo A, Pantaleo G, Malvano M, Simeone M, Amato M. Nonsurgical management of complex endodontic cases with several periapical lesions: a case series. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ridge Expansion by Flapless Split Crest and Immediate Implant Placement: Evolution of the Technique. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27:e123-8. [PMID: 26845089 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Various treatment strategies and techniques have been proposed to perform alveolar bone augmentation; most common are guided bone regeneration, split crest, and autologous bone grafting. All of these techniques are reported to possess bone regenerative properties of osteoinduction and osteoconduction in relation to regenerated bone survival. Split crest resulted to be one of the most reliable bone augmentation techniques. In this study, we describe a new flapless-modified split crest technique on 4 patients to optimize the bone regeneration with bone augmentation implant insertion in 1 single stage. The rationale of this technique is to obtain a proper buccal cortex expansion preserving its vascular supply and avoiding periosteal elevation for better cortical bone preservation. The main advantages of this technique consist in a single surgical stage without donor sites, vascular periosteal preservation of vestibular cortical walls, preservation of alveolar bone height avoiding bone loss after implant kit drilling, and preservation of proper cortical thickness on both sides, thereby saving periosteal nourishment on the vestibular side. Indication for this technique could be extended to almost every implant insertion for alveolar height saving at drilling time for implant insertion, because of the alveolar crest shape.
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Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in implant dentistry in combination with new bone regenerative technique in elderly patients. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016; 28:52-56. [PMID: 27689517 PMCID: PMC5043401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRF in association with a new split crest augmentation technique was analyzed. Ten patients five with the new technique and five by traditional one were treated. All cases were successful and all implants achieved osteointegration. Main advantages with this technique are soft tissues healing and bone regenerative properties.
Introduction Some studies have demonstrated that platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a healing biomaterial with a great potential for bone and soft tissue regeneration, without any inflammatory reactions and may be used alone or in combination with bone grafts, promoting hemostasis, bone growth, and maturation. PRF appears as a natural and satisfactory aid in bone regenerative surgery in elderly patients with favorable results and low risks. Aim This study wants to demonstrate how PRF in association with a new split crest augmentation technique can be a great aid in implant rehabilitation, especially in the elderly patients, when bone regeneration is required. Materials and methods Ten patients were treated in this study, five following the flapless split crest new procedure and other five patients following traditional procedure without split crest as control. Five patients with an average age between 50 and 60 years were selected to be operated with a split crest flapless modified technique in order to optimize the regenerative conditions with a bone augmentation and implant insertion in one single stage procedure. For all the patients autologous PRF has been used to fill the split crest gap or simply as regenerative material. Orthopantomography, intraoral radiography and CT DentaScan/CT Cone beam were performed for every patient before the treatment and at follow-up time exeption made for CT. Results All cases were successful, there were no problems at surgery time, at post-operative and at osteointegration periods. All implants achieved osteointegration. These results were obtained by accurately managing immediate and late post operative period in all of the operated cases. Mean difference for height bone loss between the two groups of patients was 2.4 mm at T1 and 2.2 mm at T3. Discussion The rationale of this split crest flapless modified technique is to obtain a proper buccal cortex expansion preserving its vascular supply avoiding periosteal elevation for better cortical bone nourishing. Moreover, advantages are reported related to the use of PRF. The effectiveness of PRF is shown in promoting the healing of surgical wounds, it has, in fact, platelet growth factors that can improve the vascularisation of the surgical site, promoting neoangiogenesis. Furthermore, by simply changing the settings of the centrifuge, it is possible to obtain a normal gelling if it has to be used as regenerative and stimulating material, or more consistent substance to be used as a filler in the split crest gap. Conclusions The main advantages in using the platelet-rich fibrin are healing and bone regenerative properties in combination with its complete resorption after surgery, thus avoiding a second surgery time, important factor in the elderly patients. Currently, it is a minimally invasive technique with low risks and satisfactory clinical results such preventing complications or implant failure particularly in elderly patients for age related conditions.
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Iandolo A, Valletta A, Carratù P, Castiello G, Rengo S. Endodontic retreatment of maxillary first molar: the importance of the fourth canal. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Iandolo A, Iandolo G, Malvano M, Pantaleo G, Simeone M. Modern technologies in Endodontics. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Simeone M, Valletta A, Giudice A, Di Lorenzo P, Iandolo A. The activation of irrigation solutions in Endodontics: a perfected technique. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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