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Ito Y, Lu H, Kitajima M, Ishikawa H, Nakata Y, Iwatani Y, Hoshino T. Sticklac-Derived Natural Compounds Inhibiting RNase H Activity of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2487-2495. [PMID: 37874155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant viruses is a serious concern in current chemotherapy for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infectious diseases. Hence, antiviral drugs aiming at targets that are different from those of approved drugs are still required, and the RNase H activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a suitable target. In this study, a search of a series of natural compounds was performed to identify the RNase H inhibitors. Three compounds were found to block the RNase H enzymatic activity. A laccaic acid skeleton was observed in all three natural compounds. A hydroxy phenyl group is connected to an anthraquinone backbone in the skeleton. An acetamido-ethyl, amino-carboxy-ethyl, and amino-ethyl are bound to the phenyl in laccaic acids A, C, and E, respectively. Laccaic acid C showed a 50% inhibitory concentration at 8.1 μM. Laccaic acid C also showed inhibitory activity in a cell-based viral proliferation assay. Binding structures of these three laccaic acids were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis using a recombinant protein composed of the HIV-1 RNase H domain. Two divalent metal ions were located at the catalytic center in which one carbonyl and two hydroxy groups on the anthraquinone backbone chelated two metal ions. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to examine the stabilities of the binding structures. Laccaic acid C showed the strongest binding to the catalytic site. These findings will be helpful for the design of potent inhibitors with modification of laccaic acids to enhance the binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Huiyan Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mariko Kitajima
- Laboratory of Middle Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hayato Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Middle Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakata
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Iwatani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan
- Department of AIDS Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Dagur P, Ghosh M. Evaluation of Antiproliferative Activity of Lac dye fractions against MDA-MB-231 and SIHA Cell Lines. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2577-2585. [PMID: 35209821 DOI: 10.2174/1872210516666220224095221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laccifer lacca (Kerr) produces a mixture of polyhydroxy anthraquinones (laccaic acid) known as lac dye. Literature suggests that these laccaic acids have its structural resemblance with the anticancer drug Adriamycin (ADR). Hence, it may possess potential anticancer activity. METHOD This study was designed to explore the in vitro anticancer activity of the three fractions of lac dye, i.e., chloroform (C), methanol (M) and water (W) fractions and isolation of constituents from bioactive fraction. RESULTS SRB (Sulforhodamine B) assay method was employed to evaluate the inhibitory action of all the three fractions. However, only methanolic showed promising inhibitory action with GI50 <10, this runs parallel to Adriamycin inhibition (GI50 <10). Two active constituents of the methanolic extract were isolated by using column chromatography and were characterized using UV (UV visible spectrophotometer), IR (Infrared spectroscopy), NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance) and Mass spectrometry methods. Final structure of the isolated constituents (Laccaic acid D and Laccaic acid B) was confirmed by 13C and 2D NMR data.. CONCLUSION Conclusively, only the methanol fraction (M) showed quiet promising anticancer activity against in vitro MDA-MB-231 and SiHa cell lines compared to the standard adriamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Dagur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, INDIA
| | - Manik Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, INDIA
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Shahid M, Wertz J, Degano I, Aceto M, Khan MI, Quye A. Analytical methods for determination of anthraquinone dyes in historical textiles: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1083:58-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Jing L, Su S, Zhang D, Li Z, Lu D, Ge R. Srolo Bzhtang, a traditional Tibetan medicine formula, inhibits cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation and muc5ac hypersecretion via suppressing IL-13/STAT6 signaling pathway in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:424-434. [PMID: 30731182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Srolo Bzhtang (SBT), a traditional Tibetan medicine formula, was composed of three herbs, Solms-Laubachia eurycarpa, Bergenia purpurascens, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and one lac, and was first documented in the ancient Tibetan medical work Four Medical Tantras (rGyud-bzhi) in the eighth century AD. It has been widely used to treat lung "phlegm-heat" syndromes such as chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential influences of aqueous extract of SBT on airway inflammation and mucus secretion and to reveal the underlying mechanism in a rat model of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced chronic bronchitis (CB). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided to six groups: control (room air exposure), model (CS exposure), DEX (CS exposure and 0.2 mg/kg/day dexamethasone), and three SBT (CS exposure and 1.67, 2.50, and 3.34 g/kg/day SBT) groups. DEX and the three doses of SBT were administered by oral gavage every day for eight weeks. Pathological changes and mucus expression in the lung tissue were determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) and immunohistochemical staining. The levels of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were assessed by ELISA. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were performed to explore the effects of SBT on the expression of IL-13, STAT6 and MUC5AC. RESULTS Pretreatment with SBT attenuated the TNF-α, IL-8, IL-13 expression levels in BALF and the inflammatory cell infiltration in bronchial walls and peribronchial lung tissue. SBT exhibited a dose-dependent downregulation of MUC5AC expression as assessed by AB-PAS and immunohistochemical staining. The protein and mRNA levels of IL-13, STAT6/p-STAT6 and MUC5AC were also downregulated by SBT preconditioning. CONCLUSION These results for the first time demonstrated that SBT exhibited protective effects on CS-induced airway inflammation and MUC5AC hypersecretion, which might be related to the downregulation of the IL-13/STAT6 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde Jing
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China
| | - Shanshan Su
- Xining Customs District, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810003, China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016
| | - Zhanqiang Li
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Dianxiang Lu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Rili Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China.
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Li L, Yokoyama S, Han N, Hayakawa Y. Lac water extract inhibits IFN-γ signaling through JAK2-STAT1-IRF1 axis in human melanoma. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21534-21540. [PMID: 35539920 PMCID: PMC9080938 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a cytokine that plays an important role in the host defense of infectious diseases and in immune surveillance during tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhui Li
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry
- Institute of Natural Medicine
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-0194
- Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry
- Institute of Natural Medicine
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-0194
- Japan
| | - Na Han
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry
- Institute of Natural Medicine
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-0194
- Japan
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NISHIZAKI Y, ISHIZUKI K, AKIYAMA H, TADA A, SUGIMOTO N, SATO K. Preparation of a Ammonia-Treated Lac Dye and Structure Elucidation of Its Main Component. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2016; 57:193-200. [DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.57.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gan Z, Liang Z, Chen X, Wen X, Wang Y, Li M, Ni Y. Separation and preparation of 6-gingerol from molecular distillation residue of Yunnan ginger rhizomes by high-speed counter-current chromatography and the antioxidant activity of ginger oils in vitro. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1011:99-107. [PMID: 26773887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular distillation residue (MD-R) from ginger had the most total phenol content of 247.6mg gallic acid equivalents per gram (GAE/g) among the ginger oils. High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) technique in semi-preparative scale was successfully performed in separation and purification of 6-gingerol from MD-R by using a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (10:2:5:7, v/v/v/v). The target compound was isolated, collected, purified by HSCCC in the head-tail mode, and then analyzed by HPLC. A total of 90.38±0.53mg 6-gingerol was obtained from 600mg MD-R, with purity of 99.6%. In addition, the structural identification of 6-gingerol was performed by EI/MS, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. Moreover, the orders of antioxidant activity were vitamin E (VE)>supercritical fluid extraction oleoresin (SFE-O)=MD-R=6-gingerol>molecular distillation essential oil (MD-EO) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)=VE>6-gingerol>MD-R=SFE-O>MD-EO, respectively in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging and β-Carotene bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Gan
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Wen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mo Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanying Ni
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Dokmaisrijan S, Payaka A, Tantishaiyakul V, Chairat M, Nimmanpipug P, Lee VS. Conformations and spectroscopic properties of laccaic acid A in the gas phase and in implicit water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 105:125-134. [PMID: 23295218 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Conformations and spectroscopic properties of laccaic acid A (lacA) were studied by means of the experimental and theoretical approaches. The minimum energy conformers of lacA in the gas phase and in implicit water obtained from the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) calculations displayed the same orientation of the COOH and OH groups on the anthraquinone-based component. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) formed between the COOH, C=O and OH groups are very strong. In contrast, the orientations of the Ph(OH)CH(2)CH(2)NHCOCH(3) substituent moiety on the anthraquinone-based component in the gas phase and in implicit water are completely different. The substituent prefers to bind with the anthraquinone-based component in the gas phase while it moves away from the anthraquinone-based component in implicit water. The calculated IR spectra of the two lowest-lying energy conformers of lacA in the gas phase fit to the experimental FTIR spectrum. The full assignments of the vibrational modes with the correlated vibrational wavenumbers of those conformers were proposed here, for the first time. The intramolecular H-bond formations in lacA can cause the shift of the vibrational wavenumber for the COOH, C=O, OH and NH groups as compared to the normal vibrations of these groups. The NMR spectra showed that the stabilities of the two lowest-lying energy conformers of lacA in the gas phase are comparable and this is consistent with their computational energies. The UV-Vis spectra of the lowest-lying energy conformers of lacA in implicit water were compared with the experimental UV-Vis spectrum. The calculations suggested that the electronic transition in the visible region involves with the singlet π→π(*) excitation which the electron density transfers to a COOH group on the anthraquinone ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Dokmaisrijan
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand.
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Wang X, Liang Y, Peng C, Xie H, Pan M, Zhang T, Ito Y. PREPARATIVE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF BELAMCANDA BY MPLC, HSCCC AND PREP-HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011; 34:241-257. [PMID: 21552369 DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.547058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Combined with medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) and preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC), high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully applied for separation and purification of isoflavonoids from the extract of belamcanda. HSCCC separation was performed on a two-phase solvent system composed of methyl tert-butyl ether -ethyl acetate - n-butyl alcohol - acetonitrile -0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid at a volume radio of 1:2:1:1:5. Semi-purified peak fractions from HSCCC separation were further purified by Prep-HPLC. Nine well-separated fractions were analyzed by HPLC-UV absorption spectrometry to determine their purities and characterized with ESI-MS(n). Except for peaksland VII (unknown) seven compounds were identified as apocynin (peak II), mangiferin (peak III), 7-O-methylmangiferin (peak IV), hispidulin (peak V), 3'-hydroxyltectoridin (peak VI), iristectorin B (peak VII), isoiridin (peak IX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006.China
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Inoue K, Nomura C, Mizuno Y, Yoshimi Y, Tsutsumiuchi K, Hino T, Oka H. Separation of Major Safflowers from Carthamus Yellow using High‐Speed Countercurrent Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070801925011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Inoue
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University , Aichi, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nomura
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University , Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Mizuno
- b College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University , Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yoshimi
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University , Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Hino
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University , Aichi, Japan
| | - Hisao Oka
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University , Aichi, Japan
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Surowiec I, Szostek B, Trojanowicz M. HPLC-MS of anthraquinoids, flavonoids, and their degradation products in analysis of natural dyes in archeological objects. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:2070-9. [PMID: 17638365 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
LC with MS detection was optimized for sensitive and selective analysis of main classes of natural dyes used in ancient times for dyeing textiles -- red anthraquinoids, yellow flavonoids, and known degradation products of flavonols -- hydroxybenzoic acids. Fragmentation patterns of both negative and positive molecular ions for the above mentioned compounds were investigated. Three acquisition modes of MS analysis: scanning, SIM, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in both positive and negative ion modes were optimized and compared with each other and with the UV-Vis diode-array detection. Even though in the applied chromatographic system formic acid was used in the mobile phase, SIM in the negative ion mode was the most selective and sensitive detection for all the investigated compounds when both mixtures of standards and analysis of extracts from archeological samples were concerned, with one exception -- alizarin, for which MS detection in positive ion mode was more sensitive. Detection limits obtained with MS detection for all investigated compounds except quinizarin were lower than the ones obtained with the diode-array UV-Vis detection, making MS detection the most suitable tool for the analysis of natural dyes and their degradation products in extracts from archeological samples.
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Whiteside RG, Games DE, Strawson C, Graham AS, Brown L. APPLICATION OF HIGH SPEED CCC FOR THE PURIFICATION OF LISINOPRIL-DIKETOPIPERAZINE DIASTEREOMERS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. G. Whiteside
- a M. S. R. U., Department of Chemistry , University of Wales Swansea , Singleton Park, SA2 8PP , UK
| | - D. E. Games
- a M. S. R. U., Department of Chemistry , University of Wales Swansea , Singleton Park, SA2 8PP , UK
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Puchalska M, Orlińska M, Ackacha MA, Połeć-Pawlak K, Jarosz M. Identification of anthraquinone coloring matters in natural red dyes by electrospray mass spectrometry coupled to capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:1252-1258. [PMID: 14696204 DOI: 10.1002/jms.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis with UV/visible diode-array detection (DAD) and electrospray mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection were used for the identification of anthraquinone color components of cochineal, lac-dye and madder, natural red dyestuffs often used by ancient painters. For the purpose of such analysis, ESI-MS was found to be a much more appropriate detection technique than DAD one owing to its higher sensitivity (detection limits in the range 0.1-0.5 micro g ml(-1)) and selectivity. The method developed made it possible to identify unequivocally carminic acid and laccaic acids A, B and E as coloring matters in the examined preparations of cochineal and lac-dye, respectively. In madder, European Rubia tinctorum, alizarin and purpurin were found. The method allows the rapid, direct and straightforward identification and quantification of components of natural products used in art and could be very helpful in restoration and conservation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Puchalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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Szostek B, Orska-Gawrys J, Surowiec I, Trojanowicz M. Investigation of natural dyes occurring in historical Coptic textiles by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV–Vis and mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2003; 1012:179-92. [PMID: 14521314 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)01170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography (LC) combined with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and mass spectrometric (MS) detection was utilized to study the chemical components present in extracts of natural dyes originating from fiber samples obtained from Coptic textiles from Early Christian Art Collection of National Museum in Warsaw. Chromatographic retention, ionization, UV-Vis and mass spectra of twenty selected dye compounds of flavanoid-, anthraquinone- and indigo-types were studied. Most of the investigated compounds could be ionized by positive and negative ion electrospray ionization. Difficulties with the ionization by electrospray were experienced for indigotin and brominated indigotins, but these were ionized by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Mass spectrometric detection, utilizing different scanning modes of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, combined with the UV-Vis detection was demonstrated to be a powerful approach to detection and identification of dyes in the extracts of archeological textiles. Using this approach the following compounds were identified in the extracts of Coptic textiles: luteolin, apigenin, rhamnetin, kaempferol, alizarin, purpurin, xanthopurpurin, monochloroalizarin, indirubin, and so the type of dye that was utilized to dye the textiles could be identified. Detection capabilities for several dye-type analytes were compared for the UV-Vis and mass spectrometric detection. The signal-to-noise ratios obtained for luteolin, apigenin, and rhamnetin were higher for the MS detection for most of the examined sample extracts. Purpurin, alizarin, and indirubin showed similar signal-to-noise ratios for UV-Vis and mass spectrometric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Szostek
- DuPont Haskell Laboratory for Health and Environmental Sciences, 1090 Elkton Rd., Newark, DE 19719, USA
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