1
|
Optimisation of Thiourea Concentration in a Decorative Copper Plating Acid Bath Based on Methanesulfonic Electrolyte. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of thiourea as an organic additive in the nucleation and growth mechanism was studied for copper deposition and its application in the decorative electroplating and fashion accessory industries. The bath was designed to reduce the environmental and ecological impacts using methanesulfonic acid as electrolyte as an alternative to alkaline cyanide baths. We evaluated the nucleation and growth mechanism of copper exploiting voltametric and chronoamperometric measurements with a brightener concentration ranging from 0 to 90 ppm. We used the Scharifker–Hills model to estimate the type of nucleation mechanism after progressive addition of thiourea. Scanning electron microscope was employed for surface analysis and morphological characterisation of the nuclei. We verified that progressive nucleation is a key step in the obtainment of a shiny and homogeneous copper film, but an excess of thiourea could cause parasitic adsorption reactions on the surface of the substrate. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used for the thickness determination of the copper deposits and the electrodeposition efficiency correlated to thiourea concentration. Finally, the optimal concentration of thiourea was assessed to be 60 ppm for the used formulation of copper plating.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sarma A, Dippel AC, Gutowski O, Etter M, Lippmann M, Seeck O, Manna G, Sanyal MK, Keller TF, Kulkarni S, Guha P, Satyam PV, Zimmermann MV. Electrodeposition of nanowires of a high copper content thiourea precursor of copper sulfide. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31900-31910. [PMID: 35530788 PMCID: PMC9072728 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper thiourea complexes are an important material class for application as a precursor of copper sulfide nanocrystals with potential use in solar cells, optoelectronics, medicine, etc. They represent a type of single source precursor, comprising both copper and sulfur in one chemical compound, whose tunable stoichiometry and morphology enable control of the quality and properties of the synthesized copper sulfide nanocrystals. Here, we present a template free electrochemical route to prepare nanowires of copper thiourea (tu) chloride hemihydrate ([Cu(tu)]Cl·½H2O) by pulse deposition. We proposed the model of the growth of nanowires. We also demonstrate complete transformation from the precursor to copper sulfide nanowire by heating it to 180 °C that involves 20% volume loss due to the decomposition of organic constituents; the obtained nanowires have around 38% covellite (CuS) and 62% digenite (Cu1.8S) phases. Electrochemistry offers the advantage of spatially selected deposition e.g. in the active regions of a device. In this study we reported the pulsed electrodeposition technique of copper thiourea complex nanowires which is an important material class for application as a precursor of copper sulfide nanocrystals with potential use in solar cells, optoelectronics, medicine, etc.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhisakh Sarma
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22603 Hamburg
- Germany
| | | | - Olof Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22603 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Martin Etter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22603 Hamburg
- Germany
| | | | - Oliver Seeck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22603 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Gouranga Manna
- Surface Physics and Materials Science Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Calcutta 700 064
- India
| | - Milan K. Sanyal
- Surface Physics and Materials Science Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Calcutta 700 064
- India
| | - Thomas F. Keller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22603 Hamburg
- Germany
- Physics Department
- Universität Hamburg
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bakir M, Lawrence MA, Nelson PN, Conry RR. Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of di-2-thienyl ketone thiosemicarbazone (dtktsc): electrochemical reactions with electrophiles (H+ and CO2). Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
4
|
Qian L, Chen W, Liu M, Jia Q, Xiao D. One-Step Electrodeposition of S-Doped Cobalt-Nickel Layered Double Hydroxides on Conductive Substrates and their Electrocatalytic Activity in Alkaline Media. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qian
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Chengdu University of Technology, Er xian bridge; Dong san road, NO.1, Chenghua District Chengdu, Sichuan 610059 China
| | - Wen Chen
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Chengdu University of Technology, Er xian bridge; Dong san road, NO.1, Chenghua District Chengdu, Sichuan 610059 China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Chengdu University of Technology, Er xian bridge; Dong san road, NO.1, Chenghua District Chengdu, Sichuan 610059 China
| | - Qiannan Jia
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Chengdu University of Technology, Er xian bridge; Dong san road, NO.1, Chenghua District Chengdu, Sichuan 610059 China
| | - Dan Xiao
- College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alvarez F, Schilardi PL, de Mele MFL. Reduction of the “burst release” of copper ions from copper-based intrauterine devices by organic inhibitors. Contraception 2012; 85:91-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
6
|
Limbut W, Thavarungkul P, Kanatharana P, Wongkittisuksa B, Asawatreratanakul P, Limsakul C. Cost-effective disposable thiourea film modified copper electrode for capacitive immunosensor. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Abbasi S, Khani H, Hosseinzadeh L, Safari Z. Determination of thiourea in fruit juice by a kinetic spectrophotometric method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 174:257-262. [PMID: 19811871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2009] [Revised: 09/06/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic kinetic method is described for determination of trace levels of thiourea based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation of Janus green (JG) by potassium iodate in hydrochloric acid media. The reaction was monitored by measuring the decrease in absorbance of the dye at 610 nm after 25 min. The effect of some factors on the reaction speed was investigated. The developed method allowed the determination of thiourea in range of 0.01-12.00 mg L(-1) with good precision, accuracy and the detection limit was 0.008 mg L(-1). Most of foreign species do not interfere with the determination. The method was found to be sensitive, selective and was applied to the determination of thiourea in fruit juices and orange peel.
Collapse
|
8
|
Quiroga Argañaraz MB, Vázquez CI, Lacconi GI. Copper electrodeposition onto hydrogenated Si(111) surfaces: Influence of thiourea. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Copper electrodeposition from an acidic plating bath containing accelerating and inhibiting organic additives. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
10
|
Adsorption and electro-oxidation of N-alkyl and N,N’-dialkyl thioureas on gold electrodes in acid solutions. A combined FTIRRAS and voltammetry study. J Solid State Electrochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-007-0447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
11
|
The irreversible characteristic analysis of thiourea on copper electrodes in aqueous 0.5mol/L sulphuric acid. Electrochem commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Electrochemical oxidation of borohydride on platinum electrodes: The influence of thiourea in direct fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
13
|
Kologo S, Eyraud M, Bonou L, Vacandio F, Massiani Y. Voltametry and EQCM study of copper oxidation in acidic solution in presence of chloride ions. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Manea F, Radovan C, Schoonman J. Amperometric determination of thiourea in alkaline media on a copper oxide–copper electrode. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-006-9152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Łukomska A, Sobkowski J. Influence of the copper electrode structure on adsorption of thiourea in neutral solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
16
|
Bryantsev VS, Hay BP. Conformational Preferences and Internal Rotation in Alkyl- and Phenyl-Substituted Thiourea Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:4678-88. [PMID: 16599434 DOI: 10.1021/jp056906e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Potential energy surfaces (PES) for rotation about the N-C(sp(3)) or N-C(aryl) bond and energies of stationary points on PES for rotation about the C(sp(2))-N bond are reported for methylthiourea, ethylthiourea, isopropylthiourea, tert-butylthiourea, and phenylurea, using the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ method. Analysis of alkylthioureas shows that conformations, with alkyl groups cis to the sulfur atom, are more stable (by 0.4-1.5 kcal/mol) than the trans forms. All minima adopt anti configurations with respect to nitrogen pyramidalization, whereas syn configurations are not stationary points on the MP2 potential surface. In contrast, analysis of phenylthiourea reveals that a trans isomer in a syn geometry is the global minimum, whereas a cis isomer in an anti geometry is a local minimum with a relative energy of 2.7 kcal/mol. Rotation about the C(sp(2))-N bond in alkyl and phenyl thioureas is slightly more hindered (9.1-10.2 kcal/mol) than the analogous motion in the unsubstituted molecule (8.6 kcal/mol). The maximum barriers to rotation for the methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, and phenyl substituents are predicted to be 1.2, 8.9, 8.6, 5.3, and 0.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Corresponding PESs are consistent with the experimental dihedral angle distribution observed in crystal structures. The results of the electronic structure calculations are used to benchmark the performance of the MMFF94 force field. Systematic discrepancies between MMFF94 and MP2 results were improved by modification of selected torsion parameters and one of the van der Waals parameters for sulfur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav S Bryantsev
- Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Larsen AG, Johannsen K, Gothelf KV. An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of the etching of gold surfaces in the presence of tetramethylthiourea. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 279:158-66. [PMID: 15380425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of tetramethylthiourea (TMTU) at gold electrodes in acetonitrile, leading to dissolution of the electrode, has been studied by electrochemical methods and by an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). TMTU in acetonitrile readily adsorbs at gold electrodes and an estimated coverage of 5.5 x 10(-10) mol cm(-2) (30 A2 per molecule) was measured electrochemically. Nevertheless, the oxidation of TMTU in solution is a diffusion-controlled process and is strongly influenced by the electrode material, as observed by comparison of gold electrodes with glassy carbon and platinum working electrodes. In the absence of TMTU, EQCM cyclic voltammetry experiments showed dissolution of gold through a 1e- oxidation process at potentials more positive than 1.20 V vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Potential step and cyclic voltammetry EQCM experiments performed using gold surfaces in the presence of TMTU revealed TMTU-assisted etching of gold at potentials as low as 0.35 V vs SCE. In the potential region from 0.35 to 1.20 V the current response of TMTU oxidation mimics the response expected for a redox-active species in solution, including the presence of a mass-transfer-limited region, which supports the conclusion that the etching process in this potential region is initiated by the oxidation of TMTU at the gold surface. The current efficiency of the TMTU-assisted etching was found to vary between 12 electrons per gold atom dissolved (e/Au) (E = 0.50 V vs SCE) and 2 e/Au (0.90 V < E < 1.20 V). At potentials <0.90 V the dominant electrochemical process is the formation of TMTU+, whereas at higher potentials the etching of the gold surface by formation of a Au(I)-TMTU+ species becomes equally important. At potentials above 1.20 V the etching is no longer dependent on the diffusion of TMTU and the e/Au value approaches 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Godsk Larsen
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 C, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Patrito EM, Cometto FP, Paredes-Olivera P. Quantum Mechanical Investigation of Thiourea Adsorption on Ag(111) Considering Electric Field and Solvent Effects. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048278r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Patrito
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F. P. Cometto
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P. Paredes-Olivera
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bolzán A, Schilardi P, Piatti R, Iwasita T, Cuesta A, Gutiérrez C, Arvia A. Comparative voltammetric and FTIRRAS study on the electro-oxidation of thiourea and methyl-thioureas on platinum in aqueous acid solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Taleb A, Chaussé A, Dymitrowska M, Stafiej J, Badiali JP. Simulations of Corrosion and Passivation Phenomena: Diffusion Feedback on the Corrosion Rate. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035377g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Taleb
- Laboratoire Analyse et Environnement, UMR 8587, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Bd F. Mitterrand, 91025 Evry, France, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique, ENSCP et Université P. et M. Curie, UMR 7575, 4. Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Chaussé
- Laboratoire Analyse et Environnement, UMR 8587, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Bd F. Mitterrand, 91025 Evry, France, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique, ENSCP et Université P. et M. Curie, UMR 7575, 4. Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M. Dymitrowska
- Laboratoire Analyse et Environnement, UMR 8587, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Bd F. Mitterrand, 91025 Evry, France, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique, ENSCP et Université P. et M. Curie, UMR 7575, 4. Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. Stafiej
- Laboratoire Analyse et Environnement, UMR 8587, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Bd F. Mitterrand, 91025 Evry, France, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique, ENSCP et Université P. et M. Curie, UMR 7575, 4. Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. P. Badiali
- Laboratoire Analyse et Environnement, UMR 8587, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Bd F. Mitterrand, 91025 Evry, France, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique, ENSCP et Université P. et M. Curie, UMR 7575, 4. Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pasquale M, Marchiano S, Arvia A. Non-isothermal ionic mass transfer at vertical parallel plate electrodes under natural convection. Electrochim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(02)00596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
22
|
Gassa L, Lambi J, Bolzán A, Arvia A. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of thiourea electro-oxidation on copper electrodes in aqueous 0.5 M sulphuric acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(02)00829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Pasquale MA, Marchiano SL, Schilardi PL, Salvarezza RC, Arvia AJ. Stability analysis of branched silver electrodeposits: solid phase growth under a marginally stable regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 65:041608. [PMID: 12005838 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.041608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2001] [Revised: 12/05/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The mass-transport controlled growth of silver deposits at the early stage of multiple bump formation, and when a silver single needle growth regime is attained, are investigated. Linear stability analysis as proposed by Barkey, Muller, and Tobias [J. Electrochem. Soc. 136, 2199 (1989)] is applied to kinetic mesoscale data. A reasonable correlation between the current density and the average amplitude of unstable perturbation is established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Pasquale
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquimicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) (UNLP-CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bolzán A, Wakenge I, Piatti R, Salvarezza R, Arvia A. The behaviour of copper anodes in aqueous thiourea-containing sulphuric acid solutions. Open circuit potentials and electrochemical kinetics. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(00)00535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
25
|
Haseeb A, Schilardi P, Bolzan A, Piatti R, Salvarezza R, Arvia A. Anodisation of copper in thiourea-containing acid solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(00)00216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|