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Tiwari P, Nagatake T, Hirata S, Sawane K, Saika A, Shibata Y, Morimoto S, Honda T, Adachi J, Abe Y, Isoyama J, Tomonaga T, Kiyono H, Kabashima K, Kunisawa J. Dietary coconut oil ameliorates skin contact hypersensitivity through mead acid production in mice. Allergy 2019; 74:1522-1532. [PMID: 30843234 DOI: 10.1111/all.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coconut oil is used as a dietary oil worldwide, and its healthy effects are recognized by the fact that coconut oil is easy to digest, helps in weight management, increases healthy cholesterol, and provides instant energy. Although topical application of coconut oil is known to reduce skin infection and inflammation, whether dietary coconut oil has any role in decreasing skin inflammation is unknown. In this study, we showed the impact of dietary coconut oil in allergic skin inflammation by using a mouse model of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Mice maintained on coconut oil showed amelioration of skin inflammation and increased levels of cis-5, 8, 11-eicosatrienoic acid (mead acid) in serum. Intraperitoneal injection of mead acid inhibited CHS and reduced the number of neutrophils infiltrating to the skin. Detailed mechanistic studies unveiled that mead acid inhibited the directional migration of neutrophils by inhibiting the filamentous actin polymerization and leukotriene B4 production required for secondary recruitment of neutrophils. Our findings provide valuable insights into the preventive roles of coconut oil and mead acid against skin inflammation, thereby offering attractive therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Tiwari
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - So‐ichiro Hirata
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Kobe‐city, Hyogo Japan
| | - Kento Sawane
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University Suita‐city, Osaka Japan
- Innovation Center Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd Atsugi-city, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Azusa Saika
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University Suita‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Yuki Shibata
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University Suita‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Sakiko Morimoto
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto-city, Kyoto Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteome Research NIBIOHN Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Yuichi Abe
- Laboratory of Proteome Research NIBIOHN Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Junko Isoyama
- Laboratory of Proteome Research NIBIOHN Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomonaga
- Laboratory of Proteome Research NIBIOHN Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba‐city, Chiba Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine University of California, San Diego (UCSD) San Diego California
- CU‐UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV) UCSD San Diego California
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto-city, Kyoto Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN) Ibaraki‐city, Osaka Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Kobe‐city, Hyogo Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University Suita‐city, Osaka Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka University Suita‐city, Osaka Japan
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Alam SQ, Shi YY. The effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the fatty acid composition of different salivary glands and saliva in rats. Arch Oral Biol 1997; 42:727-34. [PMID: 9447262 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9969(97)00071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose was to compare the changes in fatty acid composition of lipids induced by essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency in the rat submandibular, parotid and sublingual glands. Three groups of rats were fed for 28 weeks (1 week gestation, 3 weeks lactation and 24 weeks thereafter) diets containing 7% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) (EFA-deficient in both n-6 and n-3), 7% soybean oil (SBO) (control) and 7% safflower oil (SFO) (deficient in n-3). Rats were killed and salivary glands were dissected out. Lipids were extracted and the fatty acid composition of total lipids and phospholipids was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The fatty-acid compositional changes indicative of an EFA deficiency, such as decreases in the levels of 18:2 n-6, along with an accumulation of 20:3 n-9, were generally observed in all the salivary glands of rats fed 7% HCO diet. In the submandibular glands, the proportions of 16:1, 18:1 n-9 and 18:1 n-7 were also higher in the HCO-fed group than in the other two groups. There were some differences in the fatty acid composition of the three glands. Total lipids of parotid gland had higher levels of 12:0 and 18:1 n-9 as compared to the other two glands. The levels of 18:0, 20:3 n-9, 20:3 n-6 and 20:4 n-6 were, however, lower in the parotid gland as compared with the other glands. In total phospholipids of rats fed SBO- and SFO-containing diets, the sublingual gland had lower levels of 18:2 n-6 and higher levels of 20:4 n-6 than the parotid or the submandibular. These differences in fatty acid composition may be related to possible differences in chain elongation/desaturation. The changes in fatty acid composition were also reflected in total lipids of plasma, liver and whole saliva of rats fed the various diets. A number of fatty acids were identified in saliva by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Alam
- Louisiana State University Medical Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans 70119, USA
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